Abstract: Provided herein are hyperbranched polyaminoglycosides, where in some embodiments, the hyperbranched polyaminoglycosides are covalently modified to store and release nitric oxide. Some embodiments pertain to methods of making and use of hyperbranched polyaminoglycosides. In some embodiments, the covalently modified hyperbranched polyaminoglycosides may be tailored to release nitric oxide in a controlled manner and are useful for eradication of both gram positive and gram negative bacteria as well as other microbes.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an efficient method for producing cellulose nanofibers, without N-oxyl compounds such as TEMPO remaining in the cellulose nanofibers. Provided is a method for producing cellulose nanofibers, the method including: oxidizing a cellulose raw material with hypochlorous acid, or a salt thereof, having an available chlorine concentration of from 14% by mass to 43% by mass, to produce an oxidized cellulose; and fibrillating the oxidized cellulose into nanofibers.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a high molecular weight heparin (HMWH) compound is disclosed. The method comprises dissolving heparin to form a heparin solution and fractionating the heparin solution via tangential flow filtration (TFF) using a membrane with a molecular weight cut off (MWCO) between about 8 kDa and about 12 kDa. The TFF yields a retentate comprising fractionated heparin with a weight average molecular weight of about 20 kDa or greater, i.e., a high molecular weight heparin compound. A substantial proportion of heparin chains in the fractionated heparin may have a high molecular weight, e.g., 50% of the heparin chains or greater may have a molecular weight of 20 kDa or greater.

Abstract: A malleable polysaccharide soft tissue filler for filling tissue cavities or voids such as those resulting from tumor removal or other tissue resection. The soft tissue filler includes a first cross-linking polysaccharide, preferably a beta-D glucan and a second cross-linking polysaccharide. The soft tissue filler is both porous and malleable and can be formed to accommodate the tissue cavity or void. The soft tissue filler can include an embedded marker for locating on medical imaging. Methods of making the soft tissue filler including lyophilizing an aqueous polysaccharide suspension are disclosed. The second cross-linking polysaccharide provides for increased structural integrity in a high-porosity and malleable soft tissue filler in which the respective cross-linking polysaccharides synergistically provide structural scaffolding for one another. Methods of use are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to medical use of polysulfated polysaccharides and compositions thereof in the treatment of post-operative joint pain in a mammal. In particular, the invention relates to the use of the polysulfated polysaccharide, pentosan polysulfate, and compositions thereof in the treatment of aseptic persistent pain after joint arthroplasty in a mammal.

Abstract: The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition of hyaluronic acid comprising repeating units of a disaccharide comprising glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine, wherein a portion of the N-acetyl groups of the N-acetylglucosamine have been independently replaced with a group of the formula —N—C(O)—(C2-C4)-alkyl for treating hyperuicemia and gouty arthritis. Studies show that this composition is promising as an anti-gout therapeutic agent, which combines both anti-inflammatory actions as well as anti uracemic effects.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are cyclodextrin molecules covalently modified to store and release nitric oxide, as well as methods of making and uses thereof. The covalently modified cyclodextrin molecules may be tailored, in several embodiments, to release nitric oxide in a controlled manner and are useful for reduction and/or eradication of bacteria and for the treatment of disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a carboxyalkyl chitosan, compositions comprising same, a process for manufacturing same, and various applications thereof, in particular in the field of therapy, rheumatology, ophthalmology, esthetic medicine, plastic surgery, internal surgery, dermatology or cosmetics.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for extracting chitin nanocrystals through electron beam irradiation comprising the steps of: (i) irradiating a chitin-based solid material with an electron beam; (ii) washing the chitin-based solid material subjected to electron beam irradiation; (iii) adding a basic solution to the washed chitin-based solid material; (iv) high-pressure homogenizing the chitin-based solid material dispersed in an aqueous system to which the basic solution is added, to prepare a suspension containing chitin nanocrystals.

Abstract: A method for treating cancer by using an agent which is capable of inhibiting the functionality of the MCM complex, a heterohexameric ring formed from six subunits, in the process of DNA replication and a method of screening for such agents by detecting the locations and functions of the MCM subunits, such as hMcm2 and hMcm6, in cells treated with candidate compounds.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions and methods for the treatment of ocular surface disorders including meibomian gland dysfunction, blepharitis, dry eye disease and other inflammatory/infections disease of the anterior surface of the eye. Said compositions and methods comprise keratolytic conjugate which demonstrate keratolytic activity, and anti-inflammatory or other desirable activities. Topical administration of said compositions to the eye, ocular surface or surrounding areas provides therapeutic benefit to patients suffering from ocular surface disorders.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a thickener capable of exhibiting excellent light resistance. The present invention relates to a thickener comprising cellulose fibers having a fiber width of 8 nm or less and water, wherein the thickener is a slurry or a gel, and when the thickener is filled in a colorless and transparent glass cell having an inside dimension of 1 cm in depth×4 cm in width×4.5 cm in height and the thickener is then irradiated with ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 300 nm or more and 400 nm or less, using a xenon lamp, from the side of the maximum area surface of the glass cell, so as to be an irradiance of 180 W/m2 and an integrated light amount of 500 mJ/m2, the amount of a change in the yellowness before and after ultraviolet irradiation measured in accordance with JIS K 7373 is 10 or less.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for preventing a serious health consequence and/or tissue damage in a subject after the subject has been exposed to ionizing radiation and/or chemotherapy. The methods involve administering to the subject a sulfated polysaccharide or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof after the subject has been exposed to ionizing radiation and/or chemotherapy. The methods described herein are most beneficial to cancer patients who suffer from mucositis after exposure to ionizing radiation.

Abstract: Chondroitin sulfate compounds comprising chondroitin sulfate backbone 19 mer, CS-A 19 mer, CS-C 19 mer, CS-E 19 mer, C8 backbone 13 mer, C8-A 13 mer, CS-C 13 mer, CS-E 13 mer and/or combinations thereof are provided. Methods of treating histone toxicity in a subject are provided, the methods including administering to a subject a chondroitin sulfate compound to treat the histone toxicity in the subject. Pharmaceutical compositions for use in treating histone toxicity and/or sepsis are provided. Methods of treating sepsis in a subject are provided, the methods including administering to a subject a chondroitin sulfate compound to treat the sepsis in the subject.

Abstract: The invention is in the field of medical sciences. It provides new pharmaceutical methods and preparations. In particular, the invention relates to a method for increasing the oral bioavailability of drugs. The invention also provides new compositions comprising a drug covalently attached to a saccharide as in formula (I) below. More in particular, the invention relates to a method for increasing the oral bioavailability of a drug by covalently attaching a sugar-linked, N-substituted or unsubstituted carbamoylalkylidene moiety to a hydroxyl or thiol group of a drug, wherein the substituents are as defined in the claims.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for the preparation of sugammadex: (I) In one aspect, there is provided a process for the preparation of sugammadex from 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclodextrin and 3-mercaptopropionic acid. In another aspect, there is provided an alternative process for the preparation of sugammadex from 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclodextrin and disodium 3 -mercaptopropionate. In another aspect, there is provided a process for the preparation of 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclod extrin, which may be used in the production of sugammadex. In one such aspect, there is provided a process for the preparation of 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-y-cyclodextrin from ?-cyclodextrin and a brominating agent. In another such aspect, there is provided a process for the preparation of 8-per-deoxy-8-bromo-?-cyclodextrin comprising, inter alia, reacting ?-cyclodextrin with an electrophilic brominating agent, a deoxygenating agent, and an acid in the presence of an organic solvent.

Abstract: Provided are dried cellulose fibers that are satisfactory dispersible in a resin when the cellulose fibers are mixed with the resin and can improve physical properties such as tensile elastic modulus and tensile strength of a resin composite, a cellulose fiber-resin composite including the cellulose fibers, and a molded article. The dried cellulose fibers include cellulose fibers, the cellulose fiber-resin composite includes the dried cellulose fibers, and the molded article is formed from the cellulose fiber-resin composite. The cellulose fibers have an average fiber diameter of 0.1 ?m more and 20 ?m or less and have a hemicellulose content of 50% or less in constituent sugar components. The dried cellulose fibers have a water content of 10% by mass or less.

Abstract: Dry solids of anionically modified cellulose nanofibers with good redispersion are provided by incorporating 5 to 300% by mass of a water-soluble polymer relative to the anionically modified cellulose nanofibers during the preparation of the dry solids of anionically modified cellulose nanofibers.

Abstract: A method for producing a microbial cellulose pulp for the production of viscose dope, the method comprising the step of: exposing a microbial cellulose to a volume of water to form the microbial cellulose pulp for the production of viscose dope, wherein the cellulose concentration in the microbial cellulose pulp is less than 0.040 g of cellulose per mL of pulp.

Abstract: Method for producing high molecular weight chitosan comprising milling or grinding chitin and a reagent to produce a chitin/reagent mixture; and aging said chitin/reagent mixture to produce a high molecular weight chitosan. Method for producing low molecular weight chitosan comprising amorphizing chitin; milling or grinding said amorphized chitin and a reagent to produce chitin/reagent mixture; and aging said chitin/reagent mixture producing low molecular weight chitosan.