Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to methods and apparatuses that determine quality and authenticity (e.g., adulteration, incorrect labeling, etc.) of agricultural commodities based on near-infrared spectrometers and chemometrics.

Abstract: Near-Infrared (NIR) filter photometry is used to calculate component concentrations in multiphase flows. The disclosed methodology adapts the Beer-Lambert law for nonhomogeneous immiscible mixtures (such as oil and water) by modeling the fluid layer as a nonhomogeneous distribution of its components and deriving a mathematical relationship between measured absorbances, component path lengths, and non-homogeneity factors. The methodology is integrated into a multi-channel filter photometer to measure phase concentrations in oil-and-gas pipelines. The system is proven more accurate than current state of the art based on data from simulations, multiphase flow laboratories and field trials.

Abstract: Focal plane arrays (FPAs) of plasmonic enhanced pyramidal silicon Schottky photodetectors (PDs) operative in the short wave infrared (SWIR) regime, and imaging systems combining such FPAs with active illumination sources and readout integrated circuit (ROIC). Such imaging systems enable imaging in the SWIR regime using inexpensive silicon detector arrays, specifically in vehicular environments in which such an imaging system may be mounted on a vehicle and image various moving and stationary targets.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, inter alia, are methods and systems of image analysis useful for rapidly identifying and/or quantifying features.

Abstract: Improved techniques for thermal imaging and gas detection are provided. In one example, a system includes a first set of filters configured to pass first filtered infrared radiation comprising a first range of thermal wavelengths associated with a background portion of a scene. The system also includes a second set of filters configured to pass second filtered infrared radiation comprising a second range of thermal wavelengths associated with a gas present in the scene. The first and second ranges are independent of each other. The system also includes a sensor array comprising adjacent infrared sensors configured to separately receive the first and second filtered infrared radiation to capture first and second thermal images respectively corresponding to the background portion and the gas. Additional systems and methods are also provided.

Abstract: Proton beams are a promising alternative to X-rays for therapeutic purposes because they may also destroy cancer cells, but with a greatly reduced damage to healthy tissue. The energy dose in tissue may be concentrated at the tumor site by configuring the beam to position the Bragg Peak proximate the tumor. The longitudinal range of a proton beam in tissue is generally dependent upon the energy of the beam. However, after switching energies, the proton-beam system requires some time for the beam energy to stabilize before it may be used for therapy. A proton linear accelerator system is provided for irradiating tissue with an improved beam energy control, configured to provide RF energy from a first RF energy source during the on-time of the proton beam operating cycle for changing the energy of the proton beam, and to provide RF energy from a second distinct RF energy source during the off-time of the proton beam operating cycle for increasing or maintaining the temperature of the cavity.

Abstract: A radiation monitoring device 1 includes a scintillator portion 10 which emits light whose intensity depends on a dose of incident radiation, an optical fiber 20 which transmits photons generated in the scintillator portion 10, a photoelectric converter 30 which converts photons transmitted by the optical fiber 20 to electric signals, a signal counter 40 which counts each of electric signals after being converted by the photoelectric converter 30 with a certain dead time adjusted relative to time width of an irradiation pulse of radiation, a dose calculation unit 50 which calculates a dose from a signal count value counted by the signal counter 40, and a display unit 60 which displays a result of measurement calculated by the dose calculation unit 50.

Abstract: A method for calibrating an alignment device includes obtaining one or more projection images of a phantom having one or more surface indicators, the one or more surface indicators indicating a first coordinate system relating to the phantom, an origin of the first coordinate system overlapping with a calibration point of the phantom. The method further includes determining a difference between the first coordinate system and a second coordinate system based on the one or more projection images, the second coordinate system being relating to a medical system. The method further includes adjusting the phantom to an updated state according to the difference between the first coordinate system and the second coordinate system such that the first coordinate system overlaps with the second coordinate system. The method also includes adjusting an alignment device according to the one or more surface indicators in the updated state.

Abstract: A downhole tool may include a voltage multiplier within a housing. The voltage multiplier may transform input power to the downhole tool from a first voltage to a second voltage higher than the first. The downhole tool may also include multiple shielding rings surrounding at least the voltage multiplier to reduce electric field stresses within the downhole tool. Additionally, the downhole tool may include an insulator located between the shielding rings and the housing.

Abstract: A system and method for image-guided radiotherapy are provided. The system may include a treatment assembly and an imaging assembly. The treatment assembly may include a first radiation source configured to deliver a treatment beam. The treatment assembly may have a treatment region relating to an object. The imaging assembly may include a second radiation source and a radiation detector. The second radiation source may be configured to deliver an imaging beam, and the radiation detector may be configured to detect at least a portion of the imaging beam. The imaging assembly may have an imaging region relating to the object. The first radiation source may be rotatable in a first plane, and the second radiation source may be rotatable in a second plane different from the first plane, such that the treatment region and the imaging region at least partially overlap.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to systems, compositions and methods for tagging, identifying and authenticating bulk liquids. Specifically, the disclosure relates to methods, compositions and systems for selectively and specifically identifying bulk liquids as authentic using, as a tagging compound, photoluminescent carbon nanostructures (PCN's) suspended in a continuous phase that is thermodynamically incompatible with non-polar bulk liquid and/or substantially low concentration of PCNs; and incorporating the suspension into the liquid, wherein the suspension is incorporated at a concentration of continuous phase that is at least one of being below the solubility limit of the suspension's continuous phase in the bulk liquid and a concentration that cannot be observed unaided to the naked eye.

Abstract: A method and system for determining a density. The method may comprise disposing a nuclear density tool into a wellbore, performing a spectral deconvolution, determining an energy channel for a first measurement layer, recording a count rate with the gamma detector for the first measurement layer, applying a slope operator to the count rate, and identifying a first density of the first measurement layer. The system may comprise a nuclear density tool that includes a gamma source and a gamma detector configured to record a count rate, wherein the gamma detector and the gamma source are disposed on a longitudinal axis of the nuclear density tool. The system may also comprise an information handling system.

Abstract: A label-free detection and characterization system includes an optical source; an optical path arranged to be optically coupled to the optical source; an optical resonator disposed proximate the optical path along a side of the optical path, the optical resonator having an optical whispering-gallery mode and being optically coupled to the optical path through an evanescent field to excite the optical whispering-gallery mode; an optical receiver arranged to be optically coupled to the optical path. The optical source is frequency locked to a resonance frequency of the optical resonator and provides light sufficiently intense to provide four-wave mixing while being coupled with the optical resonator resulting in a comb spectrum received by the optical receiver. The comb spectrum provides characteristic changes in the presence of a substance in contact with the optical resonator to provide detection and characterization of the substance.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for filtering coherent infrared light from a thermal background for protection of infrared (IR) imaging arrays and detection systems. A Michelson interferometer is used for coherent light filtering. In an implementation, a system includes a fixed mirror, a beam splitter, and a moving mirror which can be controlled translationally, as well as tip/tilt. The Michelson interferometer may be used as an imaging system. For imaging applications, a system may comprise a tunable array of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) mirrors. A mid-wave IR interferometer with electronic feedback and MEMS mirror array is provided.

Abstract: A generator and a method for generating far infrared polarized light are related. The generator includes a far infrared light source configured to emit a far infrared light; a polarizer located on a light emitting surface of the far infrared light source, wherein the polarizer includes a carbon nanotube structure including a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged substantially along the same direction, and the far infrared light passes through the polarizer to form a far infrared polarized light; and a heater configured to heat the carbon nanotube structure. The method includes allowing the far infrared to pass through the carbon nanotube structure and heating the carbon nanotube structure as the far infrared passes through the carbon nanotube structure.

Abstract: A security sensor device includes: a plurality of sensor units each of which includes an infrared ray detection element having a visual field in a predetermined target direction, the plurality of sensor units aligned in a predetermined arrangement direction; a plurality of optical systems through which detection rays transmit from a corresponding detection area to each infrared ray detection element, the plurality of optical systems aligned in the predetermined arrangement direction; a target object detection circuit into which an output signal is input from each infrared ray detection element; and a switching unit which is configured to change a configuration between each of the plurality of sensor units and the plurality of optical systems according to a user operation, so that two detections of low-place mounting detection and high-place mounting detection are respectively performed.

Abstract: An ion detector (4) includes a shield electrode (42) between an aperture plate (41) and a conversion dynode (43). The shield electrode (42) has a rectilinearly-moving particle block wall (42a) positioned on an extension line (C?) extending from the central axis (C) of a quadrupole mass filter (3), and an ion attracting electric field adjustment wall (42b) inclined by a predetermined angle ? (acute angle) with respect to the extension line (C?). In the ion attracting electric field adjustment wall (42b) is provided an ion passing aperture (42c). The rectilinearly-moving particles, such as neutral particles, which are ejected from the quadrupole mass filter (3), are blocked by the rectilinearly-moving particle block wall (42a), thereby reducing noises caused by the rectilinearly-moving particles.

Abstract: Certain exemplary method and/or apparatus embodiments herein can include—a support frame, —a movable gantry that supports an x-ray source and an x-ray sensor in correspondence with the x-ray source and that is movable relative to the support frame, —a patient positioning accessory support member configured to support a patient positioning accessory of a specific type that is adapted to be used in the apparatus for conducting a specific examination on a patient, where the patient positioning accessory comprises at least one passive identification element that identifies the specific type of the patient positioning accessory, and the apparatus further comprises an active identification system that is configured to cooperate with the at least one passive identification element of the patient positioning accessory in order to identify the specific type of the patient positioning accessory.

Abstract: A detector and a method for tracking an arrival time of single particles in an ion beam are disclosed, wherein the single particles are provided as a bunch of ions by a synchrotron. Herein, the detector comprises a detector segment comprising a scintillating material, the scintillating material being designated for generating radiation upon passing of a single particle comprised by the bunch of ions through the scintillating material, wherein the scintillating material comprises a plurality of scintillating fibers, the scintillating fibers being provided as a fiber layer, wherein the fiber layer is located perpendicularly with respect to a direction of the incident ion beam; at least one detector element, the detector element being designated for generating a detector signal from the radiation; and at least one evaluation device, the evaluation device being designated for determining information about the single particles from the detector signals provided by the at least one detector element.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sample measurement device including a light applicator configured to apply a light to a sample so as to generate light from a particle in the sample; an optical block in which a plurality of prisms are fixed, each of the plurality of prisms including a light entry surface which allows entry thereinto of the light generated from the particle in the sample, a reflection surface configured to selectively reflect a part of the light having entered the light entry surface, and a light outputting surface configured to output the light reflected by the reflection surface; and a light receiver configured to receive the light outputted from the light outputting surface of each of the plurality of prisms.