Abstract: A method for producing a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, tautomer or stereoisomer, such as compound 1 and compound 2 is disclosed. The method proceeds through an O-allylated tyrosine-based compound, such as compound 3 and preferably comprises [3,3] sigmatropic Claisen rearrangement and olefin cross metathesis reactions. In addition, a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient is disclosed.

Abstract: The inventive concepts disclosed and/or claimed herein relate generally to catalysts and, more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to a heterogeneous, metal-free hydrogenation catalyst containing frustrated Lewis pairs. In one non-limiting embodiment, the heterogeneous, metal-free catalyst comprises hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) having frustrated Lewis pairs therein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are ?-galactosylceramide (?-GalCer) analogs and compositions thereof, methods of activating invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells using said analogs, methods of treating diseases by activating iNKT cells using said analogs, and combination therapy of said analogs.

Abstract: A method of making an (alk)acrylic ester in a microflow reactor.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to simply and highly actively realize an isomerization reaction of an industrially important compound, diaminodicyclohexylmethane, without passing through a complicated multi-stage process.

Abstract: A class of propyl cationic peptide lipids is propyl cationic peptide lipid compounds having a general formula structure as follows. After the propyl cationic peptide lipids are dispersed in water, a cationic liposome with a particle size of approximately 100 nm is obtained. The cationic liposome can carry plasmid DNA (pDNA) or small interfering RNA (siRNA) into cells to realize the function of gene delivery, and is almost non-toxic to the cells.

Abstract: An improved process for the manufacture of technical grade (meth)acrylic acid, e.g., acrylic acid, the process comprising producing a hydrated reaction product from the gas-phase oxidation of at least one (meth)acrylic acid precursor, e.g., propylene, followed by first dehydrating and then concentrating the reaction product, the improvement comprising controlling at least one of the water, acetic acid and (meth)acrylic acid content of the reaction product during the purification of the reaction product using on-line, near IR spectroscopy.

Abstract: Ethylene glycol is prepared from a carbohydrate source in a process, wherein hydrogen, the carbohydrate source, a liquid diluent and a catalyst system are introduced as reactants into a reaction zone; wherein the catalyst system comprises a tungsten compound and ruthenium as hydrogenolysis metal and further at least one promoter metal, selected from transition and post-transition metals; wherein the carbohydrate source is reacted with hydrogen in the presence of the catalyst system to yield a product mixture comprising ethylene glycol and butylene glycol. Butylene glycol may selectively be removed from the product mixture by azeotropic distillation using an entraining agent.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for continuous preparation of high bulk density methionine crystals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing methyl acetate, and the method comprises a step in which dimethyl ether and a raw gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen go through a reactor loaded with a catalyst for carrying out a carbonylation reaction; wherein the catalyst contains an acidic EMT zeolite molecular sieve. The present invention has provided a new method for producing methyl acetate. In the method of the present invention, the carbonylation is carried out in the presence of the catalyst containing the acidic EMT zeolite molecular sieve, and the reaction activity is high, and the stability has been significantly improved, meeting the requirement of industrial production.

Abstract: An isomerization reaction of a predetermined compound, without passing through a high pressure reaction and a complicated multi-stage process. The isomerization method includes isomerizing, 1,3,3-trimethyl-1-(aminomethyl)aminocyclohexane in the presence of a compound represented by formula (1) and at least one compound selected from no alkali metal, an alkali metal-containing compound, an alkaline earth metal and an alkaline earth metal-containing compound: where R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent group selected from a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group and an acyl group, R1 and R2 may mutually bind to form a ring, R3 represents a hydrogen atom and an n-valent group selected from a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, and n represents as integer of 1 to 10.

Abstract: Disclosed is a practical method for production of 3,3-difluoro-2-hydroxypropionic acid, which is important as pharmaceutical and agrichemical intermediates. The method includes forming a 4,4-difluoro-2,2-dichloro-3-oxobutanoic acid ester by reaction of a 4,4-difluoro-3-oxobutanoic acid ester with chlorine (Cl2), forming 3,3-difluoro-1,1-dichloro-2-propanone by reaction of the chlorination product with an acid, and then, reacting the degradation product with a basic aqueous solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a (meth)acrylate manufacturing method characterized in that when manufacturing a (meth)acrylate by an ester exchange reaction between an alcohol and a monofunctional (meth)acrylate using catalyst A and catalyst B together, contact treatment of the ester exchange reaction product with adsorbent C is performed. Catalyst A: One or more kinds of compounds selected from a group consisting of cyclic tertiary amines with an azabicyclo structure and salts or complexes thereof, amidine and salts or complexes thereof, compounds with a pyridine ring and salts or complexes thereof, phosphines and salts or complexes thereof, and compounds with a tertiary diamine structure and salts or complexes thereof. Catalyst B: One or more kinds of compounds selected from a group consisting of compounds comprising zinc. Adsorbent C: One or more kinds of compounds selected from a group consisting of oxides and hydroxides comprising at least one of magnesium, aluminum and silicon.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are antimicrobial N-Alkyl-N,N-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-N-benzyl ammonium chlorides of Formula I for preservation of home and personal care products. The invention further discloses a process for preparation of the antimicrobial compounds and home & personal care compositions comprising the N-Alkyl-N,N-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-N-benzyl ammonium chlorides of Formula I R=C8-18 saturated or unsaturated alkyl group.

Abstract: The (1R,3R)- or (1S,3S)-enantiomer of 2,2-dichloro-3-(substituted phenyl)cyclopropane-carboxylic acid is prepared in a process involving chemical resolution of a racemic mixture of a trans-2,2-dichloro-3-(substituted phenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid with an enantiomeric amine, isolation of a diastereomeric amine salt and finally treatment of the salt with an acid.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently producing acrylic acid while troubles not only in a waste oil handling after distillation of acrylic acid but also in a purification system of acrylic acid during distillation are reduced. The method for producing acrylic acid according to the present invention is characterized in comprising the step of supplying at least crude acrylic acid and an alcohol solvent to an acrylic acid distillation apparatus to distill acrylic acid, wherein a boiling point of the alcohol solvent is higher than a boiling point of acrylic acid by not lower than 50° C.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for recovering/purifying (meth)acrylic acid which does not use azeotropic solvent and is based on the use of two columns for purifying a reaction mixture comprising (meth)acrylic acid. The process according to the invention includes a dry vacuum pump condensation system, which makes it possible to reduce the amount of final aqueous discharges.

Abstract: A process for preparing non-naturally-occurring defined monomer sequence polymers is provided, and in which a high degree of synthetic control is obtained by the use of solvent resistant diafiltration membranes. Also provided is a process for separating non-naturally-occurring defined monomer sequence polymers from synthetic by-products or excess reagents using solvent resistant diafiltration membranes, and a use of a solvent resistant diafiltration membrane in processes for preparing and separating non-naturally-occurring defined monomer sequence polymers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel organic semiconductor material which has a twisted quaterphenylene skeleton as a central unit and simultaneously possesses a skeleton having an electron-transporting property and a skeleton having a hole-transporting property at the terminals of the quaterphenylene skeleton. Specifically, the organic semiconductor material has a [1,1?:2?,1?:2?,1??]quaterphenyl-4-4??-diyl group, and one of the terminals of the [1,1?:2?,1?:2?,1??]quaterphenyl-4-4??-diyl group is bonded to a skeleton having an electron-transporting property such as a benzoxazole group or an oxadiazole group. A skeleton having a hole-transporting property such as diarylamino group is introduced at the other terminal. This structure allows the formation of a compound having a bipolar property, a high molecular weight, an excellent thermal stability, a large band gap, and high triplet excitation energy.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to methods for forming peroxyformic acid, comprising contacting formic acid with hydrogen peroxide. The methods for forming peroxyformic acid can include adding formic acid with a relatively lower concentration of hydrogen peroxide, or adding formic acid to a peroxycarboxylic acid composition or forming composition to react with hydrogen peroxide in the compositions. The present invention also relates to peroxyformic acid formed by the above methods. The present invention further relates to the uses of peroxyformic acid for treating a variety of targets, e.g., target water, including target water used in connection with oil- and gas-field operations. The present invention further relates to methods for reducing or removing H2S or iron sulfide in the treated water source, improving clarity of the treated water source, or reducing the total dissolved oxygen or corrosion in the treated water source, using peroxyformic acid, including peroxyformic acid generated in situ.