Abstract: A microbubble preparation formed of a plurality of microbubbles comprising a first gas and a second gas surrounded by a membrane such as a surfactant, wherein the first gas and the second gas are present in a molar ratio of from about 1:100 to about 1000:1, and wherein the first gas has a vapor pressure of at least about (760-x) mm Hg at 37.degree. C., where x is the vapor pressure of the second gas at 37.degree. C., and wherein the vapor pressure of each of the first and second gases is greater than about 75 mm Hg at 37.degree. C.; also disclosed are methods for preparing microbubble compositions, including compositions that rapidly shrink from a first average diameter to a second average diameter less than about 75% of the first average diameter and are stabilized at the second average diameter; methods and kits for preparing microbubbles; and methods for using such microbubbles as contrast agents.

Abstract: A stabilized gel system for supporting finely divided particulate matter in suspension comprises a hydrosol of silicic acid stabilized by entanglement with micelles of a tenside. Such a stabilized gel system can be used as the basis for a liquid built detergent composition or for an abrasive preparation.

Abstract: An aqueous preparation for receiving and stabilising micro gas bubbles for use as echo contrast media containing polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene polymers and negatively charged phospholipids, which is suitable for demonstration of the left ventricle, is indicated.

Abstract: Agents for enhancing the contrast in a diagnostic ultrasound procedure comprise colloidal dispersions of the liquid-in-liquid type, i.e., emulsions or microemulsions, in which the dispersed liquid phase is a high vapor pressure chemical which undergoes a phase change from a dispersed liquid to a highly echogenic dispersed gaseous foam or kugelschaum following administration to an organism. The liquid state of the dispersed phase allows one to manufacture extremely stable, pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions with particle sizes typically below 1000 nm. The gaseous state at body temperature yields highly echogenic microbubbles, typically below 10,000 nm in diameter, which are effective as ultrasound contrast agents. Intravenous, intraarterial, oral, intraperitoneal, and intrauterine dosage forms, methods of administration, and imaging techniques are described.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition, useful for treating animals of the mammalian species, including humans, to treat diseases and conditions which normally respond to treatment with alpha.sub.2 adrenergic agents, contains as its active alpha.sub.2 adrenergic agent ingredient one or more compounds of the formula ##STR1## where X is 0, S or NH; n is an integer with the values of 0, 1 or 2; when n is 0 then R.sub.1 is lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 is H or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; when n is 1 or 2, then R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 both are methylene (CH.sub.2), or methylene substituted with an R.sub.5 group where R.sub.5 is lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently are H or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons; R.sub.6 is H or lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons.

Abstract: A process for preparing a compound of the structure I ##STR1## where A is oxygen and sulfur and R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of one to six carbon atoms, alkoxy of one to six carbon atoms, and trifluoromethyl, and R.sup.2 is alkyl of one to four carbon atoms, comprising coupling a compound of formula II: ##STR2## where X is bromine or iodine, with an N-hydroxyurea compound of formula III: ##STR3## in the presence of a palladium catalyst followed by reaction of the product thus formed with an alkali metal isocyante.The compounds of formula I are inhibitors of the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase and are thus useful as therapeutic agents for the treatment of allergic and inflammatory disease conditions.

Abstract: Described is a stable liquid preparation of complex vitamin for internal use. The preparation containing vitamin B.sub.1 and vitamin B.sub.12, and as a sweetening agent, a sugar alcohol. The pH of the preparation has been adjusted to 3.5 to 4.5.

Abstract: This invention provides a new ultrasound contrast agent which is safe and can reach the left side of the heart in adequate amounts to determine blood flow to the muscle of the heart. The contrast agent comprises a simple sonicated mixture of a protein the body normally makes (albumin) combined with a naturally occurring sugar (dextrose). This mixture upon sonication contains small bubbles (microbubbles) and can be used following an intravenous injection to study blood flow to the muscle of the heart (myocardium) without the need of invasive catheters or radiation. In another embodiment, there is provided an inexpensive test to study blood flow in the heart using echocardiography, thus avoiding the more expensive nuclear procedures that are presently employed to determine blood flow in the heart muscle, and eliminating the risk of radiation.

Abstract: A method for suppressing an immune response in a mammal by treating the mammal with an effective amount of spiperone derivative that is without significant neuroleptic effect due to decreased binding to serotonin and/or dopamine receptors as compared with unmodified or uncomplexed spiperone, or due to topical application which maximizes local immunosuppression while limiting systemic absorption and neuroleptic effects. The spiperone derivatives are capable of inhibiting classic contact hypersensitivity reactions.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of x-ray diagnostic imaging the blood pool, liver, spleen, and/or lymph system of a mammal comprising administering a contrast effective amount of a mixed carbonic anhydride as a contrast agent having the structure ##STR1## X is H, NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 or CONR.sup.1 R.sup.3, R.sup.1 is H or alkylR.sup.2 is COR.sup.3R.sup.3 is H, alkyl or arylY is NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 or CONR.sup.1 R.sup.3 andZ is alkyl, aryl or aralkyl.This invention further relates to novel mixed carboxylic anhydride contrast agents having the above structure to x-ray contrast compositions comprising such agents, and to methods of x-ray diagnostic imaging utilizing such agents.

Abstract: This invention relates to new thiophene derivatives having antiinflammatory and analgesic activities and represented by the general formula [I]: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, substituted lower alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted lower alkenyl, acyl, nitro, substituted or unsubstituted amino, sulfo, substituted or unsubstituted sulfamoyl, N-containing heterocyclicsulfonyl, hydoxy, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group,R.sup.2 is substituted or unsubstituted aryl, andR.sup.3 is substituted or unsubstituted aryl, provided that R.sup.3 is aryl substituted with substituent(s) selected from the group consisting of amino, mono(lower)-alkylamino, acylamino, lower alkyl(acyl)amino and sulfamoyl when R.sup.1 is hydrogen, halogen or cyano, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, to processes for the preparation thereof and to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same.

Abstract: (Haloalkyl)dibenzooniumsulfonate represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## By using this compound as the haloalkylating agent, haloalkylated organic compounds being non-water-soluble as the objective product can very easily be separated in the post-treatment process. This haloalkylating agent can be produced from cheap materials on an industrial basis because those materials for compounding are industrially easily available or can easily be synthesized industrially.

Abstract: This invention relates to ultrasound contrast agents in the form of microparticles comprising a biotolerable matrix (e.g. of a carbohydrate or an X-ray contrast agent) in association with a gas or a precursor therefor. The contrast agents are stabilized to enhance their in vivo stability and/or echogenicity by covalently modifying the structure of the matrix, e.g. to introduce crosslinking groups or to attach lipophilic groups and/or molecules. The covalent moieties may include biodegradable linkages to assist rapid subsequent elimination of the contrast agents from the system.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a new process for the synthesis of 2-aryl benzo[b]thiophenes, and to novel intermediates therefor.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new ultrasound contrast agent of the type which relies on microbubbles for echogenicity. The improvement comprises enhancing the internal atmosphere of the microbubbles with an amount of perfluoropropane which is effective for visually detecting myocardial uptake upon echocardiogram following peripheral intravenous injection of said agent into a host. The contrast agent of this invention is unique in that it makes possible the non-invasive visual detection of myocardial uptake. In addition, the contrast agent of this invention makes feasible safe and consistent, non-invasive methods for visually assessing, qualitatively or quantitatively, not only myocardial perfusion, but renal and hepatic perfusion, and for detecting severity of coronary arterial stenosis.

Abstract: Gas or air filled microbubble suspensions in aqueous phases usable as imaging contrast agents in ultrasonic echography. They contain laminarized surfactants and, optionally, hydrophillc stabilizers. The laminarized surfactants can be in the form of liposomes. The suspensions are obtained by exposing the laminarized surfactants to air or a gas before or after admixing with an aqueous phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to contrast agents comprising microbubble-generating carbohydrate microparticles in admixture with an amphiphilic organic acid containing in excess of 20 carbon atoms. The contrast agents exhibit good stability and/or enhanced contrast effect and may be used in diagnostic applications such as ultrasound and MR imaging.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a methane diphosphonate derivative, a process for producing said derivative and its pharmaceutical applications, said methane diphosphonate derivative indicated with general formula (1): ##STR1## (wherein, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently a pharmacologically acceptable cation, a hydrogen atom or a straight chain or branched alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms, R.sub.5 is a hydrogen atom or a trialkylsilyl group, m is an integer of 0 to 3, n is an integer of 1 to 3, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and X represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group or an alkylthio group).

Abstract: A process for preparing 5,6-dihydro-4-hydroxy-(S)-6-methyl-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-7,7-dioxide having the formula (II): ##STR1## which comprises subjecting 5,6-dihydro-4-oxo-(S)-6-methyl-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-7,7-dioxide having the formula (I): ##STR2## to the action of a microorganism to reduce the thienothiopyran derivative having the formula (I), and collecting 5,6-dihydro-4-hydroxy-(S)-6-methyl-thieno-[2,3-b]thiopyran-7,7-dioxide having the formula (II) from the reaction mixture, wherein said microorganism belongs to the genus selected from the group consisting of Ambrosiozyma, Arthroascus, Ashbya, Candida, Cryptococcus, Hansenula, Kluyveromyces, Lipomyces, Lodderomyces, Metschnikowia, Pachysolen, Pichia, Rhodosporidium, Rhodotorula, Saccharomyces, Saccharomycopsis, Schwanniomyces, Sporidiobolus, Spolobolomyces, Stephanoascus, Trigonopsis, Trichosporon and Wingea, according to which, a simple and effective. process for preparing 5,6-dihydro-4-hydroxy-(S)-6-methyl-thieno-[2,3-b]thiopyran-7,7-dioxide.

Abstract: Improved ultrasonic imaging contrast agents are provided which are comprised of an aqueous suspension of microspheres comprising at least one gas, preferably a perfluorocarbon, encapsulated by elastic shells of a biocompatible, fluorine-containing amphiphilic material, processes for making the microspheres, and methods of diagnostic imaging using the improved contrast agents.