Abstract: The present disclosure provides, in some aspects, variant RNA polymerases, the use of which increases transcription efficiency while reducing the number of double-stranded RNA contaminates and run-on transcripts produced during an in vitro transcription reaction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating NPP1 deficiency or NPP1-associated disease such as idiopathic infantile arterial calcification (IIAC), pseudoxanthoma elasticum, vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease (VCCKD), insulin resistance, hypophosphatemic rickets, myocardial ischemia, joint calcification, angioid streaks, and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine. The present invention provides a method for treating tissue calcification by administering soluble NPP1 to produce a transient increase in serum pyrophosphate levels.

Abstract: Provided herein are deglycosylating enzymes that remove a broad range of N-glycans from N-glycosylated proteins. Further provided are methods of recombinantly producing and expressing the deglycosylating enzymes. The presently described deglycosylating enzymes can be used to produce free glycans for characterization, and for prebiotic and immunostimulatory uses. In addition, the presently described deglycosylating enzymes can be used to produce deglycosylated proteins for characterization, to improve digestion, and to reduce immunogenicity.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for hydrolyzing an alpha-1,3 or alpha-1,6 glucosyl-glucose linkage in a saccharide (disaccharide or oligosaccharide). This method comprises contacting the saccharide with an alpha-glucosidase enzyme such as transglucosidase under suitable conditions, during which contacting step the enzyme hydrolyzes at least one alpha-1,3 or alpha-1,6 glucosyl-glucose linkage of the saccharide. This method is useful for reducing the amount of oligosaccharides in a filtrate isolated from a glucan synthesis reaction, for example.

Abstract: There is provided a recombinant bacterium comprising at least one overexpressed acyl-ACP thioesterase gene, and wherein at least one gene from the tricarboxylic acid cycle or glycolysis or both is inactivated. There is also provided a method for producing fatty acids, said method comprising culturing bacteria comprising at least one overexpressed acyl-ACP thioesterase gene in a growth medium in a container having walls; allowing said bacteria to secrete fatty acids; and collecting said fatty acids. Acid supplementation is also shown to increase productivity.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of modulating immune responses in the skin. The invention further provides methods of treatment for psoriasis, epidermal and dermal inflammation, and associated dermal immunity conditions by administering to an individual patient in need an effective amount of Gal-7, functional fragments of Gal-7, or agonists of Gal-7.

Abstract: The present invention provides recombinant cells that contain a modification causing altered expression or function of at least one mannosyl transferase enzyme. As a result of the modification the cells produce a glycoprotein or glycopeptide that has an N-linked glycan profile that is simplified or humanized. The glycoprotein or glycopeptide can have at least 25% fewer high mannose structures on than the glycoprotein or glycopeptide produced by a cell that does not have the modification. In some embodiments the modification is a deletion, knock out, or disruption of a gene encoding a mannosyl transferase, which can be in an Alg3 gene. Therefore, the proteins produced avoid many of the problems associated with the therapeutic use of glycoproteins from species having foreign or plant-like patterns of glycosylation. The invention also provides compositions of the glycoproteins or glycopeptides and methods of making them.

Abstract: The invention relates to enzyme compositions comprising a glucoamylase, an alpha-amylase, and optionally a cellulolytic composition and/or a protease. The invention also relates to the use thereof in processes of producing sugars and/or fermentation products from starch-containing material by saccharifying and/or fermenting starch-containing material at a temperature below the initial gelatinization temperature.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods useful for the production of heterologous proteins in filamentous fungal cells.

Abstract: The invention provides an exonuclease or an enzymatically active fragment thereof, said exonuclease having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 or an amino acid sequence which is at least about 50% identical thereto, wherein said exonuclease or enzymatically active fragment thereof (i) is substantially irreversibly inactivated by heating at a temperature of about 55° C. for 10 minutes in a buffer consisting of 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.5 at 25° C., 50 mM KCl and 5 mM MgCl2; (ii) is substantially specific for single stranded DNA; and (iii) has a 3?-5? exonuclease activity. The invention further provides a method of removing single stranded DNA from a sample, a method of nucleic acid amplification, a method of reverse transcription and a method of nucleic acid sequence analysis in which the exonuclease or enzymatically active fragment thereof is used.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of saccharifying a cellulosic material comprising subjecting the cellulosic material to a cellulolytic enzyme composition and a GH61 polypeptide, and optionally a catalase in the presence of dissolved oxygen at a concentration in the range of 0.5 to 10% of the saturation level. The invention also related to methods of producing desired fermentation products, such as ethanol, using a method including a saccharification step of the invention.

Abstract: Methods of cross-linking polypeptide molecules are provided, where such methods include combining a cross-linking agent and polypeptide molecules in a solution under conditions suitable for a cross-linking reaction to occur. Also provided are preparations of cross-linked polypeptide molecules, where the polypeptide molecules are cross-linked by essentially unbranched cross-linking groups of at least 40 contiguous atoms. Further provided are test chemistry matrices and methods of making the same, where the matrices include a redox cofactor, an agent capable of eliciting a change in at least one measurable property of an indicator reagent in the presence of redox equivalents, an indicator reagent, and a preparation of cross-linked polypeptide molecules as described herein. Test elements and methods of using the same to diagnose diseases such as diabetes also are provided, where the test elements include a test chemistry matrix as described herein.

Abstract: Truncated pullulanases having an N-terminal deletion in a parental pullulanase are provided. These truncated pullulanases have altered properties as compared to the parental pullulanase, including an increased saccharification rate and higher catalytic activity at acidic pH values below 4.5 and higher temperatures of up to 64° C. These truncated pullulanase also have improved thermal stability as compared to the parental enzyme. Also provided are compositions containing the truncated pullulanases and a glucoamylase, and processes for applying the truncated pullulanases and compositions in the starch industry. Polynucleotides that encode the truncated pullulanases, and recombinant host cells for producing the truncated pullulanases are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to enzyme compositions comprising a polypeptide having cellobiohydrolase II activity, a polypeptide having xylanase activity, and one or more cellulolytic proteins and their use in the degradation or conversion of cellulosic material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a biofinishing system comprising a combination of cellulases, in particular a biofinishing system comprising a combination of GH45 cellulases. The present disclosure further relates to a process for treating a cellulose-containing textile comprising biofinishing the cellulose-containing textile with a combination of GH45 cellulases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a thermophilic nuclease for degrading nucleic acids in vivo and/or in situ, wherein the thermophilic nuclease is heterologous to the host cell and is produced by the host rather than being added exogenously. The present invention further relates to a genetically modified cell which was produced according to the above method. The present invention is particularly beneficial in inactivating the biological activity of recombinant DNA in biomass or biomass-derived products.

Abstract: The invention features methods and compositions relating to cells that have been engineered to reduce or eliminate proteins having enzymatic activity that interfere with the expression of a metabolic product.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate generally to processes for the production and processing of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from carbon sources. In several embodiments, PHAs are produced at high efficiencies from carbon-containing gases or materials.

Abstract: An isolated microorganism that expresses enzymes of the reductive glycine pathway is disclosed. The microorganism is capable of converting formate to pyruvate or glycerate via the formation of glycine and serine. Methods of generating same are further described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to xylanase variants, comprising an alteration at least at one position corresponding to position 87 of the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 3, wherein the variant has xylanase activity and has increased xylanase inhibitor tolerance compared to the xylanase of SEQ ID NO: 3; and i) wherein the variant has at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99%, but less than 100% sequence identity to the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 3; or ii) wherein the number of alterations is 1-20, e.g., 1-10 such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 alterations. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants.