Abstract: Described herein are improved composite anodes and lithium-ion batteries made therefrom. Further described are methods of making and using the improved anodes and batteries. In general, the anodes include a porous composite having a plurality of agglomerated nanocomposites. At least one of the plurality of agglomerated nanocomposites is formed from a dendritic particle, which is a three-dimensional, randomly-ordered assembly of nanoparticles of an electrically conducting material and a plurality of discrete non-porous nanoparticles of a non-carbon Group 4A element or mixture thereof disposed on a surface of the dendritic particle. At least one nanocomposite of the plurality of agglomerated nanocomposites has at least a portion of its dendritic particle in electrical communication with at least a portion of a dendritic particle of an adjacent nanocomposite in the plurality of agglomerated nanocomposites.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for using an energy storage device to assist a venturi or an ejector in a fuel cell or fuel stack system.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of an electrode comprising a substrate made of an aluminium based material, vertically aligned carbon nanotubes and an electrically conductive polymer matrix, the method comprising the following successive steps: (a) synthesising, on a substrate made of an aluminium based material, a carpet of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes according to the technique of CVD (Chemical Vapour Deposition) at a temperature less than or equal to 650° C.; (b) electrochemically depositing the polymer matrix on the carbon nanotubes from an electrolyte solution including at least one precursor monomer of the matrix, at least one ionic liquid and at least one protic or aprotic solvent. Further disclosed is the prepared electrode and a device for storing and returning electricity such as a supercapacitor comprising the electrode.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a control unit that detects an abnormality of a flow dividing valve provided in a bypass channel for an oxidation gas by using a detected opening degree detected by a valve opening degree detection sensor that detects the opening degree of the flow dividing valve. When the detected abnormality is an opening abnormality that is failure to open and the flow dividing valve can close, the control unit sends a closing command for making the opening degree smaller than a current opening degree to a valve driving motor. Either when the detected abnormality is a closing abnormality that is failure to close and the flow dividing valve can open or when the detected abnormality is an opening-closing abnormality that is failure both to close and to open, the control unit sends a maintaining command for maintaining the opening degree to the valve driving motor.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell; a first valve device provided at an oxidation gas supply channel; a second valve device provided at an oxidation off-gas discharge channel; a third valve device provided at a bypass channel; an abnormality detection unit configured to detect an abnormality; and a control unit. The control unit causes the fuel cell to initiate fail-safe power generation if (i) a different abnormality from a valve opening abnormality is detected in the first valve device, (ii) the different abnormality is detected in the second valve device, or (iii) any abnormality is detected in the third valve device. During the fail-safe power generation, if any abnormality is additionally detected in any valve device different from the valve device in which an abnormality is already detected, the control unit stops power generation by the fuel cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is an antioxidant for a polymer electrolyte membrane of a fuel cell including cerium hydrogen phosphate (CeHPO4). The presence of cerium hydrogen phosphate in the antioxidant enhances the dissolution stability of cerium and improves the ability to capture water, leading to an increase in proton conductivity. In addition, the cerium hydrogen phosphate has a crystal structure composed of smaller cerium particles. This crystal structure greatly improves the ability of the antioxidant to prevent oxidation of the electrolyte membrane. Also disclosed are an electrolyte membrane including the antioxidant, a fuel cell including the electrolyte membrane, a method for preparing the antioxidant, a method for producing the electrolyte membrane, and a method for fabricating the fuel cell.

Abstract: A battery pack management device capable of reducing power consumption while transmitting and receiving data between a master BMS and a slave BMS by using a wireless communication method. The battery pack management device according to the present disclosure includes: a master BMS including an external communicator, an internal communicator, and a master controller and a slave BMS including a power supply, a state measurement sensor, a slave wireless communicator, and a slave controller.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of controlling an air supply system for a fuel cell. The air supply system includes a fuel cell stack, an air channel to supply air to an inlet of the fuel cell stack, a gas adsorption unit disposed on the air channel and configured to adsorb oxygen contained in air introduced into the air channel. In particular, the method includes: determining whether a power generation operation of the fuel cell stack is resumed; when the power generation operation of the fuel cell stack is resumed, controlling a voltage source to apply a voltage to the gas adsorption unit; and supplying air to the fuel cell stack through the air channel in a state in which the voltage is applied to the gas adsorption unit.

Abstract: A method for treating hydrogen-containing and oxygen-containing residual gases of fuel cells, wherein the residual gases are fed to a gas circuit, and a residual gas mixture resulting therefrom is circulated in the gas circuit by a device for converting hydrogen and oxygen to water. In order to reduce the amount of hydrogen and oxygen in the residual gas mixture, at least part of the residual gas mixture is discharged from the gas circuit.

Abstract: A battery assembly according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a first cell stack including a plurality of battery cells and a structural assembly including a first pocket sized and shaped to receive the first cell stack. The structural assembly is configured to assert a compressive load on the first cell stack and at least partially enclose the first cell stack.

Abstract: A system and method for optimizing electrochemical cells including electrodes employing coordination compounds by mediating water content within a desired water content profile that includes sufficient coordinated water and reduces non-coordinated water below a desired target and with electrochemical cells including a coordination compound electrochemically active in one or more electrodes, with an improvement in electrochemical cell manufacture that relaxes standards for water content of electrochemical cells having one or more electrodes including one or more such transition metal cyanide coordination compounds.

Abstract: The secondary battery includes an electrolytic solution, a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the negative electrode includes a plurality of particulate negative electrode active materials, a first negative electrode binder, and a plurality of second negative electrode binders with an average particle size smaller than the plurality of particulate negative electrode active materials. The plurality of particulate negative electrode active materials have an average particle size of 5 ?m or more and 30 ?m or less. The first negative electrode binder includes one or both of a styrene butadiene rubber and a derivative thereof. The plurality of second negative electrode binders include one or both of a polyvinylidene fluoride and a derivative thereof, and the plurality of second negative electrode binders have an average particle size of 0.1 ?m or more and 10 ?m or less.

Abstract: A method for humidifying a reactant in a fuel cell system is provided having a fuel cell stack, which is fluidically connected to a humidifier, wherein the humidifier comprises a membrane, on whose surface channels are formed. At least one of the channels is associated with a storage element for temporary storing of liquid water, the method involving the following steps: extracting the liquid water from the fuel cell stack and feeding the liquid water to the humidifier, admitting at least part of the liquid water into the storage element and temporarily storing the part therein, at least partially emptying the storage element by evaporating of the liquid water and humidifying of the reactant being supplied to the fuel cell stack by means of the evaporated liquid water, wherein the liquid water is extracted from the fuel cell stack both at the anode side and at the cathode side. A fuel cell system for carrying out the method is also provided.

Abstract: When a time point of occurrence of a stop state of a fuel cell system is predicted during traveling, a drying state control that causes a fuel cell stack to transition to a dry state is started a predetermined time (a required drying time) before the predicted time point of occurrence of the stop state.

Abstract: A fuel cell to provide a higher power density. The fuel cell can be produced by 3D printing in ceramic and has an improved power density by virtue of its spiral shape. In order to better extract the energy generated by the fuel cell, an interconnector sheet can be fastened positively to fastening knobs of the fuel cell by holding eyes. In addition, the interconnector sheet can be fixed by glass solder.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, a circuit, a pump, a pressure regulating valve, and a control apparatus. The fuel cell includes a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies and a separator. The separator has a gas channel and a coolant channel. The circuit is coupled to the coolant channel and allows a coolant to circulate therethrough. The pump delivers the coolant toward the coolant channel. The pressure regulating valve adjusts a pressure of the coolant in the coolant channel. The control apparatus controls a flow rate of the coolant in the coolant channel by controlling a rotational speed of the pump on the basis of a temperature of the fuel cell, and controls the pressure of the coolant in the coolant channel by controlling a position of the pressure regulating valve on the basis of a pressure of gas in the gas channel.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is provided and the fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell; a fuel processing unit configured to process a raw fuel to produce a fuel gas for the fuel cell; an oxidant gas heating unit configured to heat an oxidant gas for the fuel cell; a combustor configured to combust the raw fuel to produce a combustion gas for use in heating the fuel processing unit and the oxidant gas heating unit; a supply control unit configured to, during a warm-up of the fuel cell, control supply of the raw fuel to the fuel processing unit and the combustor; and a power generation control unit configured to control a power generation state during the warm-up of the fuel cell. When the fuel cell has reached a power generation available temperature, the power generation control unit is configured to cause the fuel cell to perform power generation, and the supply control unit is configured to supply the raw fuel to both the fuel processing unit and the combustor.

Abstract: A system and method for optimizing electrochemical cells including electrodes employing coordination compounds by mediating water content within a desired water content profile that includes sufficient coordinated water and reduces non-coordinated water below a desired target and with electrochemical cells including a coordination compound electrochemically active in one or more electrodes, with an improvement in electrochemical cell manufacture that relaxes standards for water content of electrochemical cells having one or more electrodes including one or more such transition metal cyanide coordination compounds.

Abstract: A system and method for optimizing electrochemical cells including electrodes employing coordination compounds by mediating water content within a desired water content profile that includes sufficient coordinated water and reduces non-coordinated water below a desired target and with electrochemical cells including a coordination compound electrochemically active in one or more electrodes, with an improvement in electrochemical cell manufacture that relaxes standards for water content of electrochemical cells having one or more electrodes including one or more such transition metal cyanide coordination compounds.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell, first and second supply devices, a gas-liquid separator, a discharge valve, first and second ejectors for discharging fuel gas and off gas to the fuel cell, a measuring device for gas pressure, and a control device. The first ejector has a discharge amount smaller than the second ejector. The first ejector has a circulation amount larger than the second ejector. The control device executes the supply during a first time from the first supply device at each first cycle such that the pressure becomes a first target value, and when the first ejector is in an abnormal state, stops the first supply device, executes the supply during a shorter second time from the second supply device at each shorter second cycle such that the pressure becomes a higher second target value, and opens and closes the discharge valve at each first cycle.