Abstract: A working machines includes an identifying unit. A force sensor detachably supports a working head in the identifying unit. A controller circuit is designed to identify the working head based on the load detected at the force sensor. When the working head is replaced with another one, the load changes in the force sensor in the identifying unit. In general, the individual working head has the specific weight. The working heads can thus be differentiated from each other based on the weight. Accordingly, the controller circuit is allowed to reliably identify the working head after the replacement with a higher accuracy based on the detected load.

Abstract: A hole inspection system for a pierced container 1 for inspecting an outwardly opened hole 1a formed in a flexible container 1 for performing a proper inspection for the size of the hole 1a of the flexible pierced container 1. The flexible container 1 is pressed from outside to blow out the gas A present within the container through the hole 1a thereby to detect a jet pressure of the gas blown out through the hole 1a by the pressing operation and to determine the size of the hole 1a by comparing a detected value of the jet pressure in a predefined period while the jet pressure is rising with an upper limit pressure value corresponding to a maximum size of the hole 1a and a lower limit pressure value corresponding to a minimum size of the hole 1a.

Abstract: A tank container with electronic monitoring device includes a tank barrel and a container frame supporting the same. The tank barrel includes a valve assembly and a valve assembly protection box. The electronic monitoring device is installed inside the valve assembly protection box, or on a sealing surface of the tank barrel, or in a range of the container frame outside the tank barrel. The electronic monitoring device includes a sensor for detecting a leakage condition of the cargoes contained in the tank container and transmitting an information data related to the leakage condition, and a data processing module connected with the sensor for processing the data. The invention can be used for detecting a sealing condition of a sealing surface and an illegal open of a lid of the valve assembly protection box as well as for realizing a global tracking, whereby ensuring a safe transport for containers.

Abstract: The invention provides a surface profile measurement device for use on rigid or semi-rigid substrates, such as floors. The device includes (a) a beam; (b) at least one beam support mounted on the beam; (c) a sensor assembly slidably connected to said beam and adapted for measuring the distance to the surface; and (d) a transducer assembly adapted for measuring the position of said sensor assembly along said beam.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the location and annular orientation of pipe inverts and other features in manholes. An elongate, telescoping rod is supported centrally in the manhole opening by a pivot assembly that permits the rod to both rotate in the horizontal plane and pivot in the vertical plane. A laterally-extending foot member on the lower end of the telescoping rod is inserted into the openings of the inverts for measurement. Electronic angle sensors record the length and orientation of the rod member at each measurement point, from which the location and angular orientation of the invert opening or other feature is then calculated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring device for measuring aerosols, which measuring device comprises detection means (13), means (41) for conveying a signal from the detection means (13), a first insulation (43), a second insulation (44), and a supporting means (42). The first insulation (43) insulates the medium (41) from the supporting means (42), and the second insulation (44) insulates the detection means (13) from the supporting means (42). Also, the second insulation (44) is designed in such a way that it positions the detection means (13) in a predetermined location.

Abstract: A method for producing a stress impedance effect element, the method including: connecting opposite ends of a magnetostrictive amorphous thin wire and respective electrodes by ultrasonic bonding; forming a groove in an elastic thin substrate having a thermal expansion coefficient equal to that of the magnetostrictive amorphous thin wire; installing the magnetostrictive amorphous thin wire in the groove; and bonding together the magnetostrictive amorphous thin wire and the elastic thin substrate by applying an insulating adhesive across the magnetoresistive amorphous thin wire.

Abstract: A gas sensor unit including a gas sensor and a sensor cap. The gas sensor includes a gas detecting element, an electrode provided on the gas detecting element and a sensor terminal connecting to the electrode for transmitting an output signal from the gas detecting element. The sensor cap is adapted for transmitting the output signal to an external device. The sensor cap includes a cap terminal electrically connecting to the sensor terminal and an enclosing member bonding to the gas sensor so as to form an internal space in cooperation with the gas sensor. The enclosing member includes a communicating hole through which the internal space is in communication with a space outside the gas sensor unit, and the communicating hole is gas-permeably and watertightly closed by a filter member.

Abstract: A method measures the backlash at an axial joint of an industrial robot having a first and a second robot knuckle that are movably connected to each other in a direction of rotation by the axial joint. A load-transmitting device applies a predeterminable force alternately in a measuring line to the first robot knuckle, connected to the free end of a robot arm. A deflection sensor measures the deflection of the first robot knuckle at a predetermined distance from the axis of rotation of the axial joint, and an evaluation device connected to the displacement sensor calculates a turning angle of the first robot knuckle as a measure of a backlash present at the axial joint, taking into account the geometrical arrangement data in the measurement of the deflection sensor and the industrial robot and also the measured deflection.

Abstract: A test table for measuring lateral forces and displacements while simultaneously applying, if necessary, normal forces, particularly in nanoidenters and in scratch and wear testers. The test table is mounted in a manner that enables it to be laterally displaced, and the lateral force and displacement can be determined by means of a measured-value acquisition. The test table is fixed between at least two vertically upright leaf springs, which can be laterally deflected in the direction of the lateral (horizontal) motion of the test table to be effected.

Abstract: The invention relates to a roller bearing comprising curved running paths, in addition to roller bodies and strain gauge sensors which are arranged between said running paths, said sensors being located in a groove on the outer diameter of the outer ring and/or on the inner diameter of the inner ring. The length of two adjacent strip conductor sections of the strain gauge sensor varies in such a way as to measure the angular position of the roller bodies between the strip conductors.

Abstract: An approach to detect when a cantilever loses interaction with a sample, thereby detecting when a portion of an image obtained using a cantilever is spurious is presented. An observer based estimation of cantilever deflection is compared to the cantilever deflection and the resulting innovation is used to detect when the cantilever loses interaction. The loss of interaction is determined when the innovation is outside of and/or below a threshold level.

Abstract: A support is for supporting electrical and/or electronic structure and/or electrical power supply structure for a hand dynamometer tool, in particular for a torque wrench operating by breaking mechanical equilibrium. A body of a substantially cylindrical shape that extends along a longitudinal axis, defined by two end faces, recesses and/or seats suitable for receiving electrical power supply members and/or electrical/electronic circuit boards are arranged and distributed around the axis, on or close to a periphery of the support. The support can be applied to a support module for a hand dynamometer tool and to a dynamometer tool.

Abstract: A material testing machine includes a load mechanism for applying a load to a test piece, and a plurality of detectors for detecting physical values associated with the applied load. An A/D converter receives the output measurement data of each of the detected physical values, and digitalizes the received output data. The A/D converter has multiple channels, and can select use/nonuse of each of the multiple channels based on an external selection signal. Since the detecting rate and/or the detecting accuracy are inversely proportional to the number of multiple channels in use at one time, the machine enables a user to prioritize between the number of channels in use, the detecting rate, and the detecting accuracy.

Abstract: Impact-sensing and measurement systems are disclosed, especially for use in contact sports and related activities that involve exchanges of impacts or blows. The system generally includes at least one impact sensor, a controller, and a feedback device. The controller is in communication with the at least one impact sensor, and includes a microprocessor having a control program software executed thereon at least for processing data from the at least one impact sensor. The feedback device is in communication with the controller and is configured to produce an audio or video output, or combined audio and visual output, based on impact data produced by the impact sensor upon sensing an impact and processed by the first controller. The controller can be programmed to provide specialized training regimens and/or interactive training programs, such as over a computer network.

Abstract: A force or pressure transducer is includes a substrate, a dielectric material disposed on the substrate, a spacing member disposed on the dielectric material, and a resilient element disposed on both the dielectric material and the spacing member. A portion of the resilient element is separated from the dielectric material, and another portion of the resilient element is in contact with the dielectric material. The contact area between the resilient element and the dielectric material varies in response to movement of the resilient element. Changes in the contact area alter the capacitance of the transducer, which can be measured through associated circuitry.

Abstract: Provided are shock waveform synthesis methods for a shock response spectrum over a short time interval, which are used for a shock response spectrum test. For the purpose, the shock response spectrum test is performed by including the steps of: obtaining each time ?k (k=1, 2, . . . , M) at which a maximax value is detected in the response history due to a zero delay wavelet input, wherein a natural frequency of the SDOF system with a Q (quality factor) of 10 equals to the wavelet frequency of the zero delay wavelet input; and establishing each delay time ?k as ?k=?1??k (k=1, 2, . . . , M).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a sensor including forming an insulating layer on top of a conductive substrate, and forming a conducting electrode on top of the insulating layer. Further, the insulating layer is formed to include support areas formed at edges of the conducting electrode and a partial area formed under the conducting electrode, and a thickness (d2) of the partial area of the insulating layer is less than a thickness (d1) of the support areas of the insulating area.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the quantities of pollutants in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines wherein an essentially constant and fully conditioned quantity of humidity and/or temperature-conditioned combustion gas is supplied to the internal combustion engine at each instant whose quantity corresponds to at least the maximum quantity required by the respective combustion engine, wherein the exhaust gas is diluted with the quantity of combustion gas not used by the combustion engine, and then tested relative to quantities of pollutants and flow rate.

Abstract: An aerodynamic or hydrodynamic test apparatus that permits all air to be evacuated from the test enclosure, such that no free liquid surfaces remain. This permits more accurate testing of structures, particularly at low Reynolds numbers. The apparatus includes a seal that allows the elimination of a liquid free surface. The seal is disposed in a slit on an upper surface of the enclosure and can include one or more inflatable sealing members. The upper surface of the enclosure is preferably sloped upwardly towards the seal to prevent the entrapment of air bubbles within the enclosure. A method of testing using such an apparatus is also disclosed.