Abstract: Clear and colorless solutions of basic aluminum chlorosulfates are prepared by reacting a slurry of calcium chloride and calcium carbonate with aluminum sulfate, separating calcium sulfate solids and a solution of basic aluminum chlorosulfate from the medium of reaction, and flocculating said solution of basic aluminum chlorosulfate with at least one nonionic or cationic polyelectrolyte flocculant.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing a gaseous stream of chlorine dioxide. The process comprises first providing an aqueous stream of chlorine dioxide. The chlorine dioxide stream can be provided, for example, by reacting an alkali metal chlorite such as sodium chlorite with an alkali metal hypochlorite such as sodium hypochlorite and an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, or by reacting chlorine gas and an alkali metal chlorite such as sodium chlorite. The resulting aqueous stream is then contacted in countercurrent fashion with a stream of inert gas or air, resulting in chlorine dioxide being stripped from the aqueous stream. A chlorine dioxide containing gaseous stream is then recovered, which is suitable for further use. The process thereby safely and efficiently generates a gaseous stream of chlorine dioxide for subsequent use.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus for bonding an adhesive rubber tape to both ends of a steel cord fabric. The apparatus comprises a unit for carrying the fabric, a unit for supplying the tape, and unit for folding and bonding the tape to both ends of the fabric. The folding/bonding unit includes a press rollers for bonding a widthwise half of the tape to upper end surfaces of the fabric, oblique rollers for folding an unbonded portion of the tape at both ends of the fabric, and taper rollers for bonding the folded tape to the fabric. The surfaces of oblique rollers are formed of transformable elastic materials, these rollers on each side of the steel cord fabric being disposed at different inclined angles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for production of chlorine dioxide by reacting in a reaction vessel an alkali metal chlorate, a mineral acid and methanol as a reducing agent in proportions to generate chlorine dioxide in a reaction medium maintained at a temperature from about 50.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. and an acidity within the interval from a b out 2 to 4.8 N and subjected to a subatmospheric pressure sufficient to effect evaporation if water. A mixture of chlorine dioxide and water vapor is withdrawn from an evaporation region in the reaction vessel and an alkali metal salt of the mineral acid is precipitated in a crystallization region in the reaction vessel.

Abstract: Copper arsenate, substantially free from impurities that form sludge in wood preservatives such as chromated copper arsenate, is prepared by adding a solution of soluble arsenate to copper sulfate solution, either or both solutions containing sludge-forming impurities, to form a copper and arsenic-containing solution without precipitating copper arsenate. The pH during the adding is controlled at a value in the range of 1.8 to 2.2 to precipitate impurities. Precipitated impurities are removed, and the copper and arsenic-containing solution is neutralized with a suitable alkaline substance to pH 3.5 to 5.0 to precipitate copper arsenate. Arsenate solution is derived from arsenic oxides, soluble arsenic salts and compounds and metallurgical materials capable of yielding water-soluble arsenate. Copper sulfate solution is derived from crystals and compounds and metallurgical materials cable of yielding copper sulfate.

Abstract: The invention includes a method and apparatus for applying an elastic strand to disposable diapers. It uses canted, spindle-equipped wheels for engaging an elastic strand, moving the elastic strand into a sinuous configuration and stretching the strand. Stripping belts apply the strand to a diaper component.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for simultaneously winding at least two filament reinforced thermoplastic strips onto a mandrel or similar form, comprising: a rotatable mandrel for receiving the strips; a winding assembly for rotating the mandrel and winding the strips onto the mandrel; a strip feeder, for feeding the strips to the mandrel as the mandrel rotates; and a joining assembly, located between the feeder and the mandrel, for ceaselessly urging the strips into generally parallel, contiguous juxtaposition. The joining assembly comprises an arcuate member having an inside radius positioned to deflectingly contact the strips between the strip feeder and the mandrel. Preferably, the joining assembly is connected to the exit of the strip feeder.

Abstract: After aerating sewage sludge in a composting process, a stream of process air is treated to remove odors therefrom by injecting into the airstream an atomized mixture of dilute sulfuric acid and dilute surfactant to remove ammonia and odorous organic compounds therefrom. The airstream is then oxidized with bleach to remove sulfides and treated with a hydrogen peroxide solution to remove chlorine introduced by the bleach while maintaining the oxidation reaction. A dilution fan is used to further dilute the scrubbed airstream as the airstream is exhausted to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A process of recovering chlorine from a stream of hydrocarbon chloride includes providing a first fluidized bed of a carrier catalyst cupric oxide in a first reaction zone within a first reactor; supplying hydrogen chloride in a first stream to that first zone for fluidizing the first bed and for exothermic reaction with cupric oxide in the bed to produce cupric chloride, water and heat, removing cupric chloride from that zone in a second stream, and removing water from that zone and removing heat from that zone; feeding the second stream to a second reaction zone within a second reactor, and providing a second fluidized bed of cupric chloride in the second reaction zone, and; supplying oxygen in a third stream to the second zone for fluidizing the second bed and for endothermic reaction with cupric chloride in the second bed at elevated temperatures between 300.degree. and 360.degree. C.

Abstract: A laminated tubular fibrous structure is produced using a tubular braid and folding over its wall in order to form corrugations or wrinkles superposed in axial direction. The tubular braid is brought over a mandrel of which the inner diameter corresponds to that of the structure to be produced, by causing the braid to pass around a forming head which is mounted on the mandrel and of which the outer diameter corresponds to that of the structure to be produced, and at least one yarn is wound following a helicoidal path on the braid, around the mandrel and at the front of the forming head, between said head and a counter-piece of which the faces in facing relationship have shapes corresponding to the shape of the wrinkles to be produced, the winding of the yarn being performed while the forming head is moving away from the counter-piece progressively with the formation of the wrinkles.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the separation of halogenated hydrocarbons from concentrated hydrochloric acid, which contains 10 to 37% by weight of hydrogen chloride. The hydrochloric acid is freed from the halogenated hydrocarbons in an extraction with paraffins having more than 7 carbon atoms, or with paraffin waxes having dropping points from 70.degree. to 160.degree. C. or with paraffin/paraffin wax mixtures, preferably in a continuous counterflow extraction or cross-flow extraction.

Abstract: An automatic tape affixing apparatus for affixing a composite tape to an adhesion form includes a tape affixing head movable in X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, A-axis and C-axis directions, the tape affixing head carrying a tape supply reel, a tape take-up reel, a presser roller, a drive roller, a driven roller for pressing the tape against the drive roller, the driven roller being provided with a rotary encoder for detecting the rotation amount of the driven roller, and an auxiliary roller disposed on a take-out side of the drive roller for deflecting the tape closer to the drive roller than a tangent line at a contact point of the drive roller and the driven roller, so that the same shaped symmetrically formed on the take-in and take-out sides of a pressed contact portion of the drive roller and the driven roller, and detection of the feeding amount of tape is not consequently influenced by tape feeding direction alteration.

Abstract: Tub apparatus includes a foamed resiliently compressible plastic tub wall having an inner side and an outer side, the tub having an interior to receive liquid; a tensile liner adjacent the wall side, the liner and characterized in that it resists outward expansion in response to loading exerted by liquid filled into the tub interior; and including ports extending through the side wall and liner for circulating liquid between the interior of the tub and the exterior thereof. The plastic wall is typically locally heat cored in situ and provided with elbow fittings having venturis for efficient water, and water and air flow.

Abstract: A current assembly apparatus and associated method for producing laminated cards such as credit cards including providing means for feeding printed card sheets to a laminating station and at the same time feeding top and bottom overlay webs also to the laminating station. The top overlay web is provided with a series of parallel-disposed magnetic stripes. Means are provided for controlling the feeding of the top overlay web and the card sheets so as to feed them concurrently to form a lamination. Means are also provided for controlling the inter-positional relationship or registration between the card sheet and the overlay web to maintain a predetermined positional arrangement between the magnetic stripe and a predetermined position on the card sheet.

Abstract: In the disintegration of a chromite or chromium-containing residue, wherein the chromium-containing material is disintegrated with an alkaline compound in the presence of oxygen and a diluent at a temperature above about 800.degree. C. and thereafter leached, the improvement which comprises pre-roasting the chromium-containing material prior to addition of the alkaline compound. Pre-roasting can be effected at 400.degree. to 1200.degree. C. with addition of certain amounts of silica dioxide and/or aluminum oxide and such additives, depending on the chromium containing material, if still required, are added--prior to disintegration and leaching--in such a quantity to establish a ratio of SiO.sub.2 : AL.sub.2 O.sub.3 of about 2:1 and further a ratio, calculated on the basis of NaOH as the alkaline compound, of SiO.sub.2 : Na.sub.2 O of about 1:0.5 plus a Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 : Na.sub.2 O ratio of about 1:2 to 1:4.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sealing material to be associated with soft glass, which comprises a soft glass-sealing alloy of an iron- nickel-chromium system containing about 40 to 55 wt. % of nickel and about 3 to 8 wt. % of chromium, and an oxide layer formed on the surface thereof and having a sulfur content of not more than 15 ppm and a phosphorus content of not more than 20 ppm.

Abstract: Chromium boron diffusion coatings on nickel iron alloys uniquely provide them with improvement in high cycle fatigue strength (up to 30%) and erosion resistance (up to 15 times), compared to uncoated alloy. The diffused chromium layer extends in two essential concentration zones to a total depth of about 40.times.10.sup.-6 m, while the succeeding boron layer is limited to 50-90% of the depth of the richest Cr layer nearest the surface. Both coatings are applied using conventional pack diffusion processes.

Abstract: Metal parts are brazed by means of an amorphous filler metal foil. The brazing foil, useful for brazing stainless steels, has a composition consisting essentially of about 0-10 atom percent iron, about 0-20 atom percent chromium, about 3-5 atom percent molybdenum, about 5-35 atom percent cobalt, about 14-19 atom percent boron and the balance nickel and incidental impurities. The ductile foil permits fabrication of preforms of complex shapes which do not require binders and/or fluxes necessary for brazing powders presently used to braze stainless steels and nickel base alloys, and exhibits excellent braze-metal and high-temperature strengths.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for producing a corrosion-resistant, composite product, such as sheet and strip, having a thin, uniformly black, light-absorptive surface layer thereon, and to the product of such method. The method includes the steps of treating a product having a coating containing both zinc and aluminum, such as galvanized strip, or up to 70% by weight, aluminum, balance essentially zinc coated strip, with an aqueous alkaline solution for a sufficient time to form a zinc-rich surface on said product, which surface is reactive with a blackening bath containing Ni and Sb, and subjecting such treated product to such blackening bath to form said thin, uniform, light-absorptive surface layer on said product. The light-absorptive surface layer has a thickness of at least 80 nm, preferably between about 100-400 nm, and an absorptance greater than about 95% over the solar radiation spectrum.

Abstract: A coating for nickel/cobalt base alloys used in gas turbine constructions comprises a platinum metal underlayer, an intermediate MCrAlY layer, and a platinum metal overlayer. The platinum type metal is selected from the group consisting of platinum, rhodium, palladium and/or iridium. The MCrAlY material consists of yttrium (Y), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr) and a balance represented by the letter (M) and selected from the group cobalt, iron and nickel.