Abstract: A method for treating a flexible, porous substrate with a water-borne formaldehyde-free composition and a flexible, porous substrate so treated are provided. More particularly, this invention is directed to a method for treating a nonwoven fabric with an emulsion-polymerized binder containing certain copolymerized ethylenically-unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, or derivatives thereof, wherein the binder is partially neutralized with a fixed base.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of forming a barrier layer for contacting a metal interconnect layer to one or more exposed N and P type silicon regions on a wafer. The wafer is heated with a direct radiation source, such as a lamp. To equalize the differing emissivities of the N type and P type silicon regions, an opaque layer of refractory metal is first formed on the regions at a temperature below approximately 100.degree. C. A refractory metal deposition process is then conducted at temperatures between 230.degree. C.-425.degree. C. During this higher temperature deposition process, the reducing gas is ramped up with time to increase the deposition rate of the refractory metal as the exothermic reducing reactions increasingly heat the contact areas.

Abstract: A process for producing a crack-free coating of pyrolytic boron nitride on a carbon structure in which the coating is formed in a controlled atmosphere containing vapors of ammonia and gaseous boron halide within a temperature range of between 1500.degree. C. to 1700.degree. C.

Abstract: A system and composition is disclosed for binding rocket motor propellants directly to the insulation layer within the rocket motor. Conventionally, it is necessary to place a liner layer between the insulation and the propellant. The present invention is particularly adaptable for use with hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene-type (HTPB) propellants. The method of the invention involves coating the insulation layer with a reactive material, such as a solution of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). The reactive material is then allowed to penetrate the insulation layer. Once sufficient penetration is achieved, the HTPB-based propellant is applied over the insulation layer to form a rocket motor propellant grain. The IPDI reacts with both the insulation layer and the propellant and forms a strong bond between the two. In the case of the propellant, additional urethane linkages are generally formed, which results in an area near the bond which may be harder than the propellant grain as a whole.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a gas sensor which comprises a substrate; a buffer layer coated on the substrate; at least one gas sensing layer arranged on the buffer layer; a pair of electrodes disposed on the gas sensing layer; and a catalytic layer coated on the gas sensing layer. A spin coating process is performed, using centrifugal force, to form the layers which are thin and evenly deposited on the substrate. The gas sensing layer of the gas sensor is formed before forming the electrodes of the same such that the heat treatment thereto can be carried out at 800.degree. C. which is much higher than the conventional temperature of 600.degree. C. The bonding of the gas sensing layer to the substrate is thereby much stronger than the conventional gas sensor.

Abstract: This method comprises the following steps, which are compatible with thin-film technology: forming a bottom electrode (2) on an insulating substrate (1), depositing a humidity-sensitive polymer layer (5) of uniform thickness on the bottom electrode (2) leaving contact areas (3a, 3b) uncovered, activating surface bonds of the polymer layer (5), applying a colloidal dispersion of SiO.sub.2 or Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 particles (6) of uniform grain size as a thin layer to the polymer layer (5) and subsequently drying it, depositing a cover electrode (7) on the particles (6) still evenly distributed on the polymer layer (5) after the drying of the dispersion, and removing the particles (6) together with the portions of the cover electrode (7) overlying them.

Abstract: A gel-coating apparatus for seeds comprising: a nozzle portion for forming and cutting a gel coating film by opening and closing operation of a cutting plunger; a seed storing vessel moving upward and downward; an arm having a rotation shaft at the center thereof and a hollow needle at both ends thereof; a seed supply portion having pipes for communicating the needles with a negative pressure source and a positive pressure source by way of electromagnetic valves; a curing vessel provided below the nozzle portion; and a control section for synchronously operating the movement of the curing vessel, the nozzle portion, the seed storing vessel, the arm, and the seed supply portion.

Abstract: A method to impart permanent stain resistance to polyamides, including nylon fiber and fibrous articles such as carpet and carpet tile, that includes treating the fiber with an isocyanate under moderate conditions that do not damage other materials that the fiber is attached to. Nylon carpet and carpet tile treated according to this method are highly suited for commercial use because they retain their stain resistance after repeated washings.

Abstract: An aromatic polyamide multifilament yarn having a high bonding property to a rubber material and a high resistance to fraying of individual filaments, is produced by impregnating an aromatic polyamide multifilament yarn with a treating liquid comprising a first liquid rubber component (A) comprising at least one rubber compound provided with terminal hydroxyl or epoxy groups and having a molecular weight of 500 to 10,000, a second liquid rubber component (B) comprising at least one rubber compound provided with terminal isocyanate groups and having a molecular weight of 500 to 10,000, and an additive selected from antioxidants, antiaging agents, and epoxy compounds; heat treating the impregnated multifilament yarn at 100.degree. to 260.degree. C. for 30 to 260 seconds; twisting the heat treated multifilament yarn at a twist coefficient K satisfying the relationship (I):1.ltoreq.K.ltoreq.5 (I)wherein K is defined by the equation (II):K=(T.times.D.sup.

Abstract: An apparatus for a chemical vapor deposition in which at least one substrate which has partially an insulating film on the surface thereof is disposed in a pressure reduced reaction chamber, the reaction chamber is provided with a nozzle for feeding a reactive gas into the reaction chamber, and a light source is provided for emitting a light beam to heat the substrate. The combination of substrate heating source using infrared rays and a laminarized jet of reactive gas is utilized for maintaining the selectivity, facilitating the thin film forming reaction, and improving the high reproducibility and controllability.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for producing electro-optic components with transparent, ferroelectric PLZT (perovskite) film characteristics, without lead diffusion. In particular, the fabrication of PLZT-on-sapphire electro-optic components for devices such as spatial light modulators, integrated infrared detectors, and optoelectronic integrated circuits is disclosed, permitting integration of such devices with semiconductor devices having the same substrate, such as silicon-on-sapphire circuits. The system comprises a PLZT film deposition apparatus, a silicon dioxide deposition apparatus, an annealing apparatus, and an optional plasma etching apparatus. During film deposition, material from a PLZT target (source) of suitable (9/65/35) composition is deposited on the substrate and is epitaxially grown on the R-plane (1102) of the substrate, forming a non-ferroelectric, pyrochloric film. The substrate and film are then placed in a silicon dioxide (SiO.sub.2) deposition chamber where SiO.sub.

Abstract: A body resistant to abrasion and transmissive to light is provided which is formed essentially of zinc sulfide or zinc selenide having incorporated therein small amounts of tellurium. The body can form a layer over zinc sulfide, zinc selenide, or a conventional substrate such as glass. The substrate is thereby protected against fracture and erosion by environmental forces, such as high velocity impact with rain or other atmospheric particles, encountered by aircraft at high speed and over extended periods of time.

Abstract: Methods for manufacturing compressible and sinterable metal-coated metal powders are provided by this invention which include contacting core metal particles with a sol of a precursor of a coating metal. The sol has a viscosity of from about 10-10.sup.4 centipoise and comprises at least 1.0 weight percent of the precursor in a liquid medium. The final coating is produced by removing the liquid from the sol and then converting the precursor to form a substantially uniform layer of the coating metal on the surfaces of the core metal particles.

Abstract: An improved antimicrobial coated product and a method for coating substrates, the product of which is capable of withstanding high impact, is not subject to corrosion, is resistant to germ retention and transfer, and thus is extremely well suited for the containment of toxic, hazardous, corrosive, and bacteria-laden wastes as well as for products which are resistant to attack from fungus, positive and negative bacteria, yeast infections and contaminations, and viruses, as well as resistant to attack from corrosion, corrosive chemicals, caustic chemicals, and radiation. The substrate is coated with a thermoplastic material incorporating an antimicrobial agent by electrostatic, fluidized bed or flame spraying techniques. Alternatively, the substrate may be coated with a combination of a thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic material, either or both incorporating an antimicrobial agent, all of which can be cured in place.

Abstract: The crosslinking of an antistatic polymer and crossliking agent on a flexible polymer abstract is enhanced by wrapping of the antistatic coated polymer substrate and heating said wrapped substrate to crosslink the coating.

Abstract: A method for treating Easter grass to a substantially reduced static charge on the Easter grass by coating a substantial portion of the Easter grass with an anti-static compound.

Abstract: A primer composition, and a method for its use to improve adhesion between a silicone substrate and a subsequently applied paint film, is disclosed. The primer composition consists essentially of a mixture of an alkoxysilane, an organotitanate and a tin salt of a carboxylic acid, each component being present in a specific critical molar proportion.

Abstract: An electroconductive composition comprising a two-dimensional network of antimony-containing tin oxide crystallites in association with amorphous silica, the composition according to one aspect of the invention comprising a powder of submicron to tens of micron size particles capable of forming a conductive network within a carrier matrix, such as a thin film matrix, and a process for preparing the composition.

Abstract: A process for producing thin photoresists on printed circuit boards wherein a metallic-layered substrate is conveyed beneath a free falling curtain of a photopolymerizable substance, said substance having a viscosity of 30-120 seconds DIN cup 4 @ 25.degree. C. and being applied at a curtain height of 5-25 cm. above the board to form a coating having a dry film thickness up to about 1.5 mil after the coated surfaces are dried, whereupon the surfaces are available for photoimaging, developing, etching and stripping operations.

Abstract: A coating of a mixture of sodium orthosilicate together with a silica sol and a silane coupling agent provides antistatic protection when overcoated with a gelatin containing photographic construction.