Abstract: A broadband terrestrial message delivery system includes a plurality of wireless communication devices (WCDs), each including a receiver and transmitter, the WCDs capable of not only receiving messages destined for a subscriber associated with a particular WCD, but further capable of acting as a relay point to move messages to and from other subscribers. Message diffusion includes relaying the messages in accordance with all earmark that specifies both the total number of times (N) a message is to be repeated, and the number of times (i) the received message has already been repeated. Methods of improving the spectral efficiency of such a message diffusion architecture include adding a propagation ring width control parameter (J) to the earmark such that a WCD acting in relay mode transmits no more than J repetitions of the message; and providing sectorization such that several sectorized message pathways in a cell may be simultaneously active.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for processing a PUSH notification, including: placing non-compressible fields into the Push notification and placing into the PUSH notification a field signifying message type and a field of internal ID after the fields are compressed; determining whether the PUSH notification may be carried in one short message; if yes, having the PUSH notification carried in one short message; otherwise, having the PUSH notification carried in two short messages; determining whether there are any unoccupied bytes in the short message; if yes, determining whether to place the initiator From field into the PUSH notification according to the number of the unoccupied bytes in the short message, and determining whether to compress Subject field and place the Subject field into the PUSH notification; otherwise, terminating the processing flow of the PUSH notification. The present invention may have the PUSH notifications carried in two short messages at most.

Abstract: A method is provided for providing paying services in a radio communication network which operates, in particular, according to the GSM Standard “Global System Mobile” or the UMTS Standard “Universal Mobile Telecommunications System”,” via at least one radio communication terminal having a device for user identification, especially a “Subscriber Identity Module” or a “UMTS Subscriber Identity Module” (U)SIM, and at least one device for providing the services. According to the present invention, when a request for a service is made by the radio communication terminal to the device for providing the services, at least one message generated by the user identification device is transmitted.

Abstract: When a station is connected via a connector to an AC adapter, a controller may detect the event of connection between the station and the adapter and drive a suppression signal transmitter to send a suppression signal to suppress a handover by the station. The station may include a communication controller to fix, upon receipt of the suppression signal from the adapter, a wireless access point to which the station belongs. The station may enter a handover suppressed state in which the station does not conduct a handover to belong to another wireless access point so long as the station is connected to the adapter and is receiving the suppression signal. This may suppress the excessive handover and secure stable communication quality.

Abstract: Random access coverage is assured while at the same supporting high uplink data rates in a same service area served by a base station. The service area includes first and second co-sited cells. The first co-sited cell is associated with a first uplink frequency, and the second co-sited cell is associated with a second uplink frequency. The first cell allows a lower uplink load and provides a greater coverage than the second cell. The second cell allows a higher rise over thermal (RoT) value than the first cell. Random access channel requests are initially directed to the first cell using the first uplink frequency. One of the co-sited cells is selected for supporting the connection depending on one or more factors. Example factors include a priority associated with the mobile terminal, a capability associated with the mobile terminal, a load situation in the second cell, or radio channel conditions associated with the mobile radio terminal.

Abstract: A method of treating a handover in a bridge-based radio access station backbone network including a plurality of base station bridges each including a two-tiered switch connected with a plurality of radio access stations, a plurality of SCBs (Site Core Bridges) each composed of two-tiered switch for constituting the core network, and an HLR (Home Location Register) for managing the structural information of the network constituents. The SCB stores the terminal information containing the receiving address of the initial terminal registration message and the SCB to delete the terminal information in response to a disconnection message of the terminal caused by handover, to request the SCBs in the terminal end of the old MAC-in-MAC tunnel to delete the tunnel information and the terminal information, and to inform the HLR of initiating the handover to change the registered operational state of the terminal.

Abstract: A data transmission system for dynamically adjusting a protocol data unit (PDU) length and a method thereof are provided. The data transmission system at least includes a transmitting terminal and a receiving terminal. After a connection is established between the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal, data is transmitted through a predetermined first data message PDU. When the receiving terminal found that an error rate of the PDU is excessively high, a second data message PDU length is calculated, and the transmitting terminal is informed to use the most appropriate PDU length to transmit data. The data transmission system dynamically adjusts the PDU length to achieve the effect of enhancing the data transmission capacity, so as to solve the problems concerning power consumption and interference between users caused by the process of enhancing the data transmission capacity by way of increasing the transmission power.

Abstract: A radio channel allocation apparatus of a node in a radio communication system which controls to allocate a radio channel between nodes by a virtual carrier sense is disclosed. The radio channel allocation apparatus includes a node information collecting unit which collects information of a neighboring node to which the node can directly transmit data, and a radio channel determining unit that determines a radio channel, which is allocated to a communication link between a node which has transmission inhibition conditions and another node which does not have the transmission inhibition conditions by communications between predetermined nodes. The determined radio channel is a different radio channel from a radio channel between the predetermined nodes, based on node information of the node and the neighboring node.

Abstract: A mobility management analysis architecture for call management. Systems and methods are provided for routing of a landline-mobile and mobile-mobile call using a switching network (landline or mobile originating) to serve effectively as the “GMSC/tandem” switching layer for the mobile network, as well as for mobile-mobile calls using an originating switch. When a landline switch issues an local number portability (LNP) query, the response to the query can be intercepted by a preliminary mobility management platform that determines a location routing number (LRN) for a visited mobile switching center (V-MSC) to which a destination mobile handset is currently attached. The LRN for that V-MSC is returned in the LNP response to the switch, which then routes the call to the serving V-MSC based on the LRN. The V-MSC then performs the GMSC (gateway mobile switching center) functionality, for example, for that particular call.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light emitting device comprising: an excitation light source which radiates excitation light; a wavelength converting member which absorbs and converts the wavelength of at least part of the excitation light radiated from the excitation light source, and releases light with a predetermined wavelength band; a light guide for guiding the excitation light radiated from the excitation light source to the wavelength converting member, with one end at the excitation light source and the other end at the wavelength converting member, wherein the refractive index of the cross-sectional center region (core) is higher than that of the circumferential region (clad); and a thermally conductive transparent film which contacts with the wavelength converting member.

Abstract: A VCSEL is provided that integrates an absorbing layer sandwiched within a null of the standing wave in the emitting mirror to reduce the reflectivity and transmissivity of the emitting mirror as seen by the feedback optical wave, with minimal effect on the reflectivity of the emitting mirror as seen by the light exiting the cavity. The absorbing layer may be made of a suitable absorbing material, such as a GaAs layer in a laser emitting near 850 nm or highly doped p-layer, for instance, and may be disposed epitaxially in a semiconductor or metamorphic mirror. The absorbing layer sandwich may be incorporated into the VCSEL after the last mirror pair or at any desired position with the emitting mirror array.

Abstract: A PLC-based wavelength-tunable WDM-PON system with an optical wavelength alignment function, the WDM-PON system comprises: a PLC platform formed on a silicon substrate; a semiconductor chip comprising an active region generating light and a passive region located in front of the active region for vertically coupling the light generated in the active region; a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) waveguide; one portion of a PLC platform where the semiconductor chip is surface mounted; waveguide Bragg grating (WBG) formed at a predetermined location of the PLC waveguide; a directional coupler transferring an optical power by permitting the passive region to approach the PLC waveguide; a heater terminal, which is formed on the WBG; and a V-groove for attaching an optical fiber to another end of the PLC waveguide. Accordingly, a WDM-PON system having a function of realizing a cost-effective optical wavelength alignment can be provided.

Abstract: A fixed wavelength, external cavity semiconductor laser comprises a semiconductor laser gain medium and an intra-cavity filter having a filter function specifying a frequency of operation of the laser. This distinguishes it from distributed feedback Bragg reflector systems in which the wavelength of operation is dictated by the semiconductor Bragg grating, drive current, and temperature. A cavity length modulation system is further provided that modulates an optical length of the cavity to change the spectral locations of longitudinal modes of the cavity relative to the filter function. One important advantage of the present invention is that it can be deployed without a thermoelectric (TE) cooler. Specifically, the intra-cavity filter material in combination with the cavity length controller, allow a mode of cavity to be located at the filter function.

Abstract: The present invention discusses a modulation method and apparatus for modulating an extended-cavity laser (211). The method and apparatus (200-203) entails the use of each pulse in an input modulating pulse train as the trigger for the generation of a brief or “notch” pulse, i.e. a pulse that briefly diminishes the normal drive current. Each “notch” pulse is used to drive the semiconduct (211) embedded in an extended cavity with a current that flows opposite to its normal drive current. This serves to diminish the inverted charge-carrier population essential to lasing action, so the laser output falls sharply in a form of amplitude modulation. The invention also discloses a simple, miniaturized means (372, 352, 312) of micropositioning, based on the differential rotation of nested conical plugs, that can serve to couple the semiconductor laser to the cavity.

Abstract: Techniques for pausing and resuming printing operations in mid-plot while reducing visible artifacts. A pause row/swath location is determined at which printing is to be paused. In one pause/resume mode, printing of all rows and all pixels from commencement of printing through the row location is completed, and no pixels in rows immediately following the row location are printed. The printing is paused for a time interval, and operations such as a pen refill can be performed. Printing is resumed at a resume row location immediately following the pause row location to print only rows following the pause row, wherein wet ink is not applied to locations printed prior to the pausing. In another pause/resume mode, in a multi-pass print of an image, the pause occurs upon completion of a pass without completing all printing prior to the pause row. Following the pause interval, printing is resumed, as though a pause had not occurred.

Abstract: A separation promoting member comprises container having the bottom surface, an introduction side cylinder having slits or small holes and a discharge side cylinder having slits or small holes. The introduction side cylinder has the upper part communicated with an air-liquid introducing inlet port provided on the container and the lower part separated from the bottom surface with a gap. The discharge side cylinder has a upper part communicated with a gas discharging outlet port provided on the container, and the lower part separated from the bottom surface with a gap. In the container, partition walls for defining the path of a gas or an air-liquid mixture are arranged between the cylinders. The partition walls are fixed to the container with the lower end thereof separated from the bottom surface. A liquid discharging outlet port is provided on the lower surface of the container.

Abstract: An ink supply system for a plurality of ink jet printheads offset from each other at different elevations includes an ink reservoir having a single outer casing and a plurality of individual ink wells inside of the casing, the plurality of individual ink wells arranged in a stepped relationship from each other and extending from a first ink well at a highest elevation to a last ink well at a lowest elevation, each of the plurality of individual ink wells supplying ink to and being lower in elevation than a corresponding one of the plurality of ink jet printheads for the purpose of controlling the negative pressure applied to the printheads to properly control the meniscus position at the nozzles for proper operation of the printheads; an ink supply having ink stored therein; and structure for supplying ink to the first ink well.