Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a vessel having an opening and a detachable cover for covering the opening. The cover includes a semiconductor device with an active layer disposed between an n-type region and a p-type region. The active layer emits radiation having a peak wavelength in a UV range. The cover also includes a sensor for detecting whether the cover is covering the opening.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to zero volt mass spectrometry probes and systems. In certain embodiments, the invention provides a system including a mass spectrometry probe including a porous material, and a mass spectrometer (bench-top or miniature mass spectrometer). The system operates without an application of voltage to the probe. In certain embodiments, the probe is oriented such that a distal end faces an inlet of the mass spectrometer. In other embodiments, the distal end of the probe is 5 mm or less from an inlet of the mass spectrometer.

Abstract: A mass analyzer includes a main substrate, an upper substrate adhered to the main substrate, and a lower substrate. A mass analysis room (cavity) is formed in the main substrate and penetrates from an upper surface of the first main substrate to a lower surface of the first main substrate. A vertical direction (Z direction) to the main substrate by the upper substrate, both sides of the lower substrate, a travelling direction (X direction) of charged particles and a right angle to the Z direction by the main substrate, and both sides of a right-angled direction (Y to Z direction) and the X direction by a side surface of the main substrate are surrounded. A central hole is open in the side plate of the main substrate that the charged particles enter. The charged particles enter the mass analysis room through the central hole formed in the first main substrate.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to systems and methods for relay ionization of a sample. In certain aspects, the invention provides systems that include an ion source that generates ions, a sample emitter configured to hold a sample, and a mass spectrometer. The system is configured such that the ions generated by the ion source are directed to interact with the sample emitter, thereby causing the sample to be discharged from the sample emitter and into the mass spectrometer.

Abstract: A composite film is disclosed. The composite film includes a substrate, a thermal barrier layer located on top of the substrate, wherein the thermal barrier layer has a higher decomposition temperature than the substrate, and a thin film located on top of the thermal barrier layer, wherein the thin film is to be thermally processed by a pulsed light from a flashlamp.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, systems and methods for surface impact ionization of liquid phase and aerosol samples are provided. The method includes accelerating a liquid or aerosol sample, colliding the sample with a solid collision surface thereby disintegrating the sample into both molecular ionic species (e.g., gaseous molecular ions) and molecular neutral species (e.g., gaseous sample), and transporting the disintegrated sample to an ion analyzer. Some embodiments of the method further comprise discarding the molecular neutral species. Such embodiments transport substantially only the molecular ionic species to the ion analyzer.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes devices and methods capable of generating multi¬phase emulsions, including double emulsion droplets in a gas phase. The present disclosure also describes interfaces for coupling a multi-phase emulsion droplet source to an analytical instrument such as a mass spectrometer. The present disclosure further describes methods, systems, and apparatuses for using the devices and interfaces described to perform analysis, including mass spectrometry. The present disclosure also describes methods, systems, and apparatuses for generating and using multi-phase emulsions to perform analysis.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a particle beam treatment system has: a CT device that is a three-dimensional image acquisition part installed in a treatment room for acquisition of a three-dimensional internal image on a day of treatment; a dose distribution display part that displays a dose distribution in the three-dimensional image acquired on the day of treatment and a dose distribution in treatment plan data designed in advance; a treatment management device that is a selection part to select whether or not to change the treatment plan data based on the dose distribution in the three-dimensional image acquired on the day of treatment and the dose distribution in treatment plan data designed in advance; and an irradiation part that irradiates an affected part with a particle beam according to the treatment plan data based on selection made by the treatment management device.

Abstract: The invention relates to mass spectrometers with optically pumped lasers, whose laser light can be used for ionization by laser desorption, for the fragmentation of ions by photodissociation (PD), for the initiation of ion reactions, and for other purposes. The invention provides a laser system for a mass spectrometer, with which at least two laser beams of different wavelengths can be generated for use at different points along an ion path from an ion source to an ion detector in the mass spectrometer.

Abstract: A hybrid ion mobility spectrometer includes a single-pass drift tube having an ion inlet and an ion outlet, a multiple-pass drift tube having an ion inlet and an ion outlet each coupled to the single pass drift tube between the ion inlet and the ion outlet thereof, and at least one ion steering channel controllable to selectively pass ions traveling through the single-pass drift tube into the multiple-pass drift tube via the ion inlet of the multiple-pass drift tube and to selectively pass ions traveling through the multiple-pass drift tube into the single-pass drift tube via the ion outlet of the multiple-pass drift tube. The single-pass drift tube separates in time ions traveling therethrough according to a first function of ion mobility, and the multiple-pass drift tube separates in time ions traveling one or more times therethrough according to the first or a second function of ion mobility.

Abstract: An upsampler 22 performs upsampling based on actual measurement data forming a profile spectrum obtained with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer 1, to insert interpolation data between the temporally adjacent actual measurement data and make the waveform smoother. Subsequently, a peak waveform processor 23 determines the centroid position, peak area or other relevant values by performing centroid processing which employs trapezoidal approximation or similar technique. The smoothing of the waveform between adjacent measurement data improves the accuracy of the centroid processing, whereby a systematic error in the estimation of the centroid position or calculation of the peak area is reduced. Therefore, even when the number of data points forming one peak on a measured waveform is small, the centroid position and other kinds of peak information can be obtained with a high level of accuracy, and the performance of qualitative or quantitative determination is thereby improved.

Abstract: A charged particle beam includes: a computer that controls a needle actuating mechanism so as to approach a needle to a sample piece using a template formed from an absorbed current image obtained by irradiating the needle with a charged particle beam and a tip coordinate of the needle acquired from a secondary electron image obtained by irradiating the needle with the charged particle beam.

Abstract: A new optical arrangement that creates high efficiency, high quality Fresnel Incoherent Correlation Holography (FINCH) holograms using transmission liquid crystal GRIN (TLCGRIN) diffractive lenses has been invented. This is in contrast to the universal practice in the field of using a reflective spatial light modulator (SLM) to separate sample and reference beams. Polarization sensitive TLCGRIN lenses enable a straight optical path, have 95% transmission efficiency, are analog devices without pixels and are free of many limitations of reflective SLM devices. An additional advantage is that they create an incoherent holographic system that is achromatic over a wide bandwidth. Two spherical beams created by the combination of a glass and a polarization sensitive TLCGRIN lenses interfere and a hologram is recorded by a digital camera. FINCH configurations which increase signal to noise ratios and imaging speed are also described.

Abstract: With regard to an object of the invention, in a tandem type mass spectrometry system including three stages of a QMS, sensitivity of a daughter ion decreases due to loss resulting from destabilization of the daughter ion or a decrease in daughter ion generation rate, and an improvement insensitivity of the daughter ion is a significant issue. To solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention provides a mass spectrometry system having means of decreasing a q value of a parent ion and not decreasing a fundamental vibration frequency of the parent ion. According to the means of the invention, the invention may have effects that a mass number range of a daughter ion that may be stably transmitted is expanded, the number of vibrations of a parent ion is substantially the same as that in a first stage of the QMS, and generation efficiency of the daughter ion does not decrease and can be maintained.

Abstract: A method for registering a three dimensional (3D) coordinates system with a Medical Positioning System (MPS) coordinate system and with a two dimensional (2D) coordinate system, includes acquiring at least one 2D image of a volume of interest, the volume of interest including at least one tubular organ within the body of a patient. The 2D image is associated with the 2D coordinate system, and a plurality of MPS points is acquired, within the at least one tubular organ. The MPS points are associated with the MPS coordinate system, the MPS coordinate system being registered with the 2D coordinate system. A 3D image model is extracted of the at least one tubular organ form a pre-acquired 3D image of the volume of interest.

Abstract: A surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization method according to an aspect includes: a first process of preparing a sample support having a substrate in which a plurality of through-holes passing from one surface thereof to the other surface thereof are provided and a conductive layer that covers at least the one surface; a second process of placing a sample on a sample stage and arranging the sample support on the sample such that the other surface faces the sample; and a third process of applying a laser beam to the one surface and ionizing the sample moved from the other surface side to the one surface side via the through-holes due to a capillary phenomenon.

Abstract: A method of identifying precursor ion species from their fragments comprises obtaining mass spectra of a plurality of precursor ion species and their fragments to high mass accuracy. The fragment mass spectrum, obtained from fragmentation of multiple precursor ion species, is then scanned it identify pairs of fragments whose combined mass matches the mass of one of the precursor ion species. Once pairs of fragment ion shave been matched to precursor ions, the composite fragment ion spectrum is broken down into portions, one per fragment pair. Analysis continues until no further pairs are identified. A simplified fragment ion spectrum is then reconstructed for each precursor sample ion by stitching together the broken down sections of the composite fragment spectrum. The resultant reconstructed, simplified fragment spectra are sent to a search engine which returns a score—sorted list of likely candidates for each synthetic fragment ion spectrum.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for chemical ionization of analyte gas particles in a carrier gas by introducing primary ions, characterized in that the primary and product ions are accelerated by a rotating electric field orthogonal to that direction (5) in which the ions are transported towards the exit (3) of the reaction volume (1). This can, for example, reduce unwanted cluster formation without increasing the transport speed of the ions through the reaction chamber, which improves, for example, the product ion yield. The apparatus of the invention achieves this by means of N?3 rod electrodes (6) to which N AC voltages U1(t), . . . , UN(t) with N different phase positions ascending in one sense of rotation ?1, . . . , ?N are applied.

Abstract: An ion source includes an ion source chamber having a longitudinal axis, the ion source chamber operative to define a plasma therein. The ion source also includes a split solenoid assembly comprising a first solenoid and a second solenoid that are mutually disposed along opposite sides of the ion source chamber, where each of the first solenoid and second solenoid comprises a metal member having a long axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ion source chamber, and a main coil having a coil axis parallel to the long axis and comprising a plurality of windings that circumscribe the metal member. The main coil defines a coil footprint that is larger than an ion source chamber footprint of the ion source chamber.

Abstract: A loading station (100, 200) for translocating a frozen sample for electron microscopy, encompassing a chamber (104, 204), open toward the top, that is fillable at least partly with a coolant, the chamber (104, 204) comprising in its side wall at least two ports (101a, 102a, 103a) each for different sample transfer devices (101, 102, 103), the ports (101a, 102a, 103a) permitting introduction of a frozen sample into the chamber (104, 204) via a selected sample transfer device and withdrawal of a frozen sample from the chamber via a respective different sample transfer device; and wherein a receptacle (108, 208) for at least two differently configured sample holders (109, 110) is arranged in the chamber (104, 204), the at least two sample holders (109, 110) being detachably fastenable to at least one of the sample transfer devices (101) for introduction of the frozen sample into the chamber (104, 204) and for withdrawal of the frozen sample from the chamber (104, 204).