Abstract: Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feed stocks, feed stocks produced by the described processes, and methods of making the fuel feed stocks. Components derived from processed MSW waste streams can be used to make such feed stocks which are substantially free of glass, metals, grit and noncombustibles. These feed stocks are useful for a variety of purposes including as gasification and combustion fuels.

Abstract: Fuels and/or fuel blending components can be formed from hydroprocessing of high lift deasphalted oil. The high lift deasphalting can correspond to solvent deasphalting to produce a yield of deasphalted oil of at least 50 wt %, or at least 65 wt %, or at least 75 wt %. The resulting fuels and/or fuel blending components formed by hydroprocessing of the deasphalted oil can have unexpectedly high naphthene content and/or density. Additionally or alternately, the resulting fuels and/or fuel blending components can have a clear and bright appearance.

Abstract: A pH treatment and method for extraction of leachable resources and pollutants from sludge. A volume of wastewater sludge is initially dewatered followed by adding pH adjusting agents to the dewatered sludge to remove acid/base-soluble contaminants. The acid/base-soluble contaminants are flushed out or dewatered from the treated product. Treated sludge can then be sent to storage and held for beneficial uses.

Abstract: Water treatment systems and associated methods are generally described. Certain embodiments of the water treatment systems and methods described herein may be used to treat water comprising one or more contaminants (e.g., oil, grease, suspended solids, scale-forming ions, volatile organic material) to remove at least a portion of the one or more contaminants. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the treated water may be used directly in certain applications (e.g., oil and/or gas extraction processes). In some embodiments, at least a portion of the treated water may undergo desalination to produce substantially pure water and/or concentrated brine.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing Group II base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group II base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group II base stock. Additionally, the resulting Group II base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing Group I base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group I base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group I bright stock formed by solvent processing. Additionally, the resulting Group I base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing Group III base stocks having high viscosity and also having one or more properties indicative of a high quality base stock. The resulting Group III base stocks can have a viscosity at 100° C. and/or a viscosity at 40° C. that is greater than the corresponding viscosity for a conventional Group III base stock. Additionally, the resulting Group III base stocks can have one or more properties that are indicative of a high quality base stock.

Abstract: A coated, thin-film composite membrane includes a porous support and a polyamide barrier layer in contact with the porous support. A fouling-resistant and antimicrobial layer of star polymers is in contact with the polyamide barrier layer. The star polymers included hydrophilic arms of about 40 mol % to about 80 mol % of neutral hydrophilic moieties, and about 60 mol % to about 20 mol % of antimicrobial functional groups.

Abstract: Aviation gasolines and additives may have manganese-containing anti-knock components. The scavengers herein mitigate the possible deleterious effects from using the manganese-containing anti-knock. The scavengers include molecules with a central atom of a Group 15 element other than nitrogen. Entities that are attached to the central atom are electron withdrawing entities including electron deficient atoms and electron deficient functional groups.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for block operation during lubricant and/or fuels production from deasphalted oil. During “block” operation, a deasphalted oil and/or the hydroprocessed effluent from an initial processing stage can be split into a plurality of fractions. The fractions can correspond, for example, to feed fractions suitable for forming a light neutral fraction, a heavy neutral fraction, and a bright stock fraction, or the plurality of fractions can correspond to any other convenient split into separate fractions. The plurality of separate fractions can then be processed separately in the process train (or in the sweet portion of the process train) for forming fuels and/or lubricant base stocks. The separate processing can allow for selection of conditions for forming lubricant fractions, such as bright stock fractions, that have a cloud point that is lower than the pour point.

Abstract: A coal deactivation processing device includes: a rotary kiln body provided rotatably into which coal and a processing gas are supplied; and a feed pipe provided so as to be able to rotate along with the rotary kiln body, extending along a lengthwise direction of the rotary kiln body, and having a coolant flowing therein. A pair of blades is provided on an outer circumferential section of the feed pipe and protrudes in a radial direction. The feed pipe and the pair of blades are arranged so as to pass through an accumulated coal layer of the coal within the rotary kiln body upon rotation of the rotary kiln body, and such that an angle formed by a tangent of a path along which the central axis of the feed pipe passes and the bisector of the pair of blades is from 0 to 40 degrees.

Abstract: A cell culture container is provided, comprising membrane bound compartments for growing and harvesting monocytes that allows replenishing and removal of feed media without the loss or death of cells.

Abstract: A process for converting waste fibers to solid fuel is provided, including providing a supply of animal waste including the waste fibers in a predetermined quantity; washing the supply of animal waste for a predetermined washing period; dewatering the supply of animal waste by separating water from the waste fibers for a predetermined dewatering period; shedding the waste fibers for separating liquids from solids; compressing the dewatered and shed waste fibers to generate a plurality of briquettes; torrefying at least one of the plurality of briquettes in a torrefaction reactor using a heat source at a predetermined torrefying temperature for a predetermined torrefying period; removing the at least one of the plurality of briquettes from the reactor; and cooling the torrefaction reactor to reach a predetermined cooling temperature.

Abstract: This invention relates to solid firelighters of the type which may be used to initiate combustion of i) barbecues (BBQs), irrespective of whether the barbecue fuel is in the form of charcoal lump wood or briquettes, ii) natural wood in outdoor wood fires or iii) any domestic or commercial fires. Firelighters of the present invention comprise: 25 to 75% by weight fiberboard having a density of from 0.1 to 0.5 g/cm3; and 25 to 75% by weight palm fatty acid distillate; wherein the fiberboard is impregnated with the palm fatty acid distillate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a hydrophobic-oleophilic and hollow fiber composite membrane and preparing method thereof. A preparing method includes preparing hollow tubular braids by two-dimensional braided technique using polyester filaments, wherein the hollow tubular braids are used as the reinforcements. The method further includes mixing polyvinylidene fluoride, hydrophobic pore-forming agent, and the rest of solvent to prepare a casting solution of surface separation layer. The method further includes pre-treatment processing of the reinforcements; and coating the casting solution of surface separation layer on the outer surface of the processed reinforcements through a spinning spinneret to form a primary membrane. The reinforcements are replaced by the primary after post-processing, and repeating the coating process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sulfated cellulose hydrate membrane, a method for the preparation thereof and the use of the membrane as adsorption membrane for the purification of viruses.

Abstract: The present technology provides compositions that include at least about 98 weight percent (wt. %) n-paraffins which, among other surprising features, may be suitable for use as a diesel fuel, an aviation fuel, a jet fuel blendstock, a blendstock to reduce the cloud point of a diesel fuel, a fuel for portable heaters, and/or as a charcoal lighter fluid. The composition includes at least 98 wt. % C7-C12 n-paraffins, where at least 10 wt. % of composition includes n-decane, at least 20 wt. % of the composition includes n-dodecane, and at least 75 wt. % of the composition includes even carbon number paraffins. The composition also includes less than 0.1 wt. % oxygenates and less than 0.1 wt. % aromatics. The composition may be produced by a process that includes hydrotreating a biorenewable feedstock comprising at least one of palm kernel oil, coconut oil, babassu oil, microbial oil, or algal oil.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are oligomerization processes using feedstocks containing 1-hexene to produce an oligomer product, and methods for recovering a heavy 1-hexene oligomer from the oligomer product and hydrogenating the heavy 1-hexene oligomer. The resultant hydrogenated heavy 1-hexene oligomer can be blended with other PAO's to form 100 cSt and 40 cSt lubricant compositions, which have viscosity index and pour point properties that are equivalent to or better than respective 100 cSt and 40 cSt 1-decene PAO's.

Abstract: A system for the crystallization of a substance to be crystallized which is dissolved in a solvent, comprising a crystallization apparatus which is flowed through by a solution to be concentrated which has the substance to be crystallized dissolved therein, and by a heating steam or a heating liquid, wherein the crystallization apparatus has at least one flow passage conducting the solution to be concentrated, at least one flow passage conducting the heating steam or the heating liquid, and at least one flow passage conducting vaporous solvent, wherein a respective flow passage conducting the solution to be concentrated is at least partly separated from a respective flow passage conducting the heating steam or the heating liquid by a steam-impermeable and liquid-impermeable wall and wherein a respective flow passage conducting the solution to be concentrated is at least partly separated from a respective flow passage conducting the vaporous solvent by a membrane wall permeable to the vaporous solvent, but not

Abstract: A lubricant composition includes a lubricant base oil (A) having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 1 to 10 mm2/s, and an ethylene/?-olefin copolymer (B) in which (B1) the peak top molecular weight is 3,000 to 10,000, (B2) the copolymer shows no melting peak, (B3) the value B is not less than 1.1 and (B4) the kinematic viscosity at 100° C. is 140 to 500 mm2/s. The lubricant composition has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of not more than 20 mm2/s, a peak top of molecular weight in the range of 3,000 to 10,000, and a weight fraction of components having a molecular weight not less than 20,000 of 1 to 10% relative to all components having a molecular weight not less than the molecular weight that gives the peak top.