Abstract: An indicator device which has two sealed chambers which are formed by at least one carrier member interposed between a pair of glass plate members to provide a tandem arrangement in the direction of travel of light in the device, characterized by at least one of the chambers containing a liquid crystal layer and being provided with transparent conductive material on the walls thereof to form a liquid crystal cell. In one embodiment, each conductive layer of each cell is separated in two parts by a continuous interruption in the layer so by selectively applying voltage to different parts, at least four different symbols or shapes can be indicated. In a second embodiment, the conductive layers of each cell are arranged as a segment electrode pattern with the segment being subdivided into partial segments with one partial segment being in one cell and the remaining partial segment in the second cell to enable determining errors in actuation of various segments during an indication.

Abstract: An eyeglass holder having an elongated, flexible band terminated in opposed ends each having eyeglass receiving and holding fixtures, the fixtures comprising unitary elastomeric molded parts having disc-like portions and integral tail-like projections extending therefrom, the projections being considerably thicker than the disc-like portions and having elongated, temple-receiving, closed ended slots extending along the majority of the length of the projections, the end of the slot nearest the disc-like portions being spaced therefrom.

Abstract: An apparatus for orienting and maintaining the orientation of laser and similar construction equipment in a predetermined orientation with respect to a horizontal plane comprises superimposed first, second and third support plates, each of which is preferably annularly shaped for positioning a laser beam generator therethrough. The third support plate is mounted to and between the first and second support plates for pivotable movement about mutually perpendicular first and second axes, respectively. The first or top plate has level vials mounted perpendicular to the first and second axes for detecting the position of the first plate with respect to a horizontal plane. A pair of threaded screws are threaded into the central third plate to adjust the position of the first plate with respect to the bottom or second plate about the two mutually perpendicular axes.

Abstract: A high speed wide angle lens system of the same general kind disclosed in Glatzel, U.S. Pat. No. 3,915,558, but with a slightly larger aperture and with improved image formation. While the lens formation of the U.S. Pat. No. 3,915,558 starts with two negative components, followed by a positive component, a meniscus, two negative components and two positive components in the rear part, the improved performance of the present invention is achieved by such a modification which enforces the positive power of the rear part of the lens. For this purpose the rear part is made to consist of three positive components (VII, VIII, IX) which are designed in such a way that the quotient of the sum of the surface powers of the air lenses between the three rear positive components .SIGMA..phi..sub..delta. divided by the refractive power (.phi..sup.+.sub.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for reduced glare observation of the eye fundus through optical lenses is accomplished by synchronized scanning illumination and observation of successive portions of the fundus. The scanning is conducted in rapid cycles to obtain continuous observation of the fundus and to provide for reduced glare photographs thereof.

Abstract: A miniaturized telephoto camera lens assembly comprises a first positive lens, a second negative lens, and a third positive meniscus lens having a higher object side curvature. These lenses are disposed close together, and relatively remote from closely spaced fourth and fifth positive and negative meniscus lenses, respectively, each having higher object side curvatures. The optical parameters of the lens assembly are chosen to satisfy seven specified conditions relating to composite focal distances, spacing distances, Abbe numbers, and refractive index to optimize miniaturization while still achieving a high level of optical performance.

Abstract: Signals, especially short pulses, are transmitted by way of cascaded light guides with internally reflecting boundaries (i.e. fibers or foils) between which a transparent body of graded refractive index is interposed. The refractive index of the body varies, on opposite sides of a centerline coinciding with the axes of the aligned guides, according to a parabolic law, increasing from the centerline outwardly over a radial distance r.sub.o and then decreasing in a symmetrical manner over a like radial distance, whereby light rays incident at various angles on an entrance face of the body are deflected onto a generally sinusoidal path which peaks at a radial distance 2r.sub.o. The axial length of the body equals three quarter-wavelengths of the sine curve whereby substantially axially incident rays emerge from an exit face of the body at a limiting angle .theta..sub.M, and vice versa, the radial distance r.sub.o being given by r.sub.o = s.multidot.tan .theta..sub.

Abstract: The inner walls of the eye, i.e., the fundus, are examined in panorama with an optical lens comprising a truncate paraboloidal mirror and a corneal contact objective lens. While held in contact with the cornea, the fundus is observed by projecting a light beam into the eye through the lens and viewing the interior eye with a microscope, e.g., a standard slit lamp instrument.

Abstract: A head band for retaining eyeglasses in place comprising a elastomeric, fabric covered stretch band made adjustable by sliding the bows or temple pieces of eyeglasses into tubular members formed from the end portions of a flat band. The tubular members are an integral part of the band so the assembly is a unitary piece.

Abstract: An opthalmoscopic optical system for photographing the fundus of an eye by an ophthalmoscopic camera, it is necessary to illuminate the ocular fundus through the cornea. On the cornea, however, a part of the illuminating light is reflected with the result of production of halo in an image of the ocular fundus. This can be avoided by separating an illuminating light incident area of the cornea from that serving for the emergence of image forming rays to keep this part free from reflexes. According to the present invention, there is positioned between an objective lens and an image-forming lens aligned on a common optical axis is an inclined illuminating plate is positioned between objective lens and an image-forming lens of such construction that a mirrored central area in the vicinity of the optical axis is surrounded by an annular transparent zone which directs light from an illuminating arrangement to the objective lens to suppress the production of a halo.

Abstract: A temple rotatably mounted on an eyepiece of an eyeglass frame by a hinge is adjustable in length relative to the eyepiece for the purpose of adjusting the maximum degree of rotation of the temple to permit the adjustment of the temple to conform to the dimensions of the wearer's head by pushing the temple relative to the hinge. The temple has a slot receiving therethrough a pair of pins mounted on the hinge. The pins are connected at their outer ends to a resilient clamp plate which clamps the adjusted temple to the hinge.

Abstract: A novel improved ophthalmic device which comprises a unique one-piece preformed detachable nosepiece for use with an ophthalmic eyeglass frame wherein the nosepiece is formed with a generally box shaped forward portion having a vertical elongated slot formed in the forward portion and having a nose bridge mount formed at the rear surface of the box shaped portion. The nose bridge portion has a pair of rearwardly and outwardly extending projections for positioning of the bridge of the nose of the user which provides a hard surface for positioning and retaining the ophthalmic eyeglass frame which is used with the one-piece nosepiece in a fixed position. A generally concave surface formed between the projections is formed in the shape of the bridge of the user's nose and is narrower at the top than at the bottom thereby providing a concave shape that retards slippage of the nosepiece.

Abstract: A photographic lens system of modified Gauss type having five-component six-element lens configuration for which the field angle is 41.degree. to 53.degree., aperture ratio is F1:2, overall length is short, back focal length is long and aberrations are corrected favorably.

Abstract: Measurement of interpupillary distance is facilitated by providing a spectacle frame or the like to be worn by the optometrist, bearing at least two and preferably three indicia on said frame, in positions respectively adjacent the temples of the frame, and one centrally located adjacent the bridge. In measuring the interpupillary distance a preferred method, using the frame apparatus, is to instruct the patient to fix on one of the temporal indicia, and position the index or zero point, of an interpupillary rule directly in line with the center of the pupil on the same side as the indicium on which the patient is fixed. Then, without moving the rule, the optometrist instructs the patient to fix on the other temporal indicium, and reads from the rule the point opposite the pupil on that side. The interpupillary distance so measured corresponds substantially to the interpupillary distance at infinity -- i.e. in the absence of convergence.

Abstract: A retrofocus type wide-angle lens system comprising five components of five lens elements including a front diverging lens group consisting only of a single lens element and a thick positive lens element arranged at the second stage, said lens system being so designed as to have a short total length and favorably correct various aberrations.

Abstract: Eyeglass structure which includes a male and female connection of the lens holding rings of the glasses and a band connecting the temple pieces of spring or resilient material to gently grip the sides and rear of the head of a wearer to distribute the load and wherein the plane of the lens holding rings may be adjusted through a range of generally vertical planes.

Abstract: A device for determining a prescription lens for eyeglasses to be used by highly hyperopic patients, in which a frame mounted lens is inserted in a trial lens mounting to project on either side of the frame with one surface of the lens formed with an aspherical convex curvature and the other surface of the lens being concave and formed with a spherical curvature.

Abstract: Head positioning means, accomodated on a stand used in conjunction with equipment for examinations of the eyes with conventional lower and upper support ledges, comprising a bi-directionally movable chin support mounted on the lower ledge; two, by means of rotatable knobs, circularly movable arms disposed spacedly on the upper ledge, for support of the forehead; a laterally movable face shield with openings for the eyes mounted downwardly extending from the upper ledge for elimination of unfavorable facial reflections; a guide stick passing vertically movable adjacent the facial mask, within an aperture centered in the upper ledge, and terminating in a horizontal thin rod so as to form an inverse "T" therewith, the latter extending across the openings in the face shield to establish the correct axial position of the eyes to be examined.

Abstract: A two-component microscope condenser consisting of a biconvex positive doublet as the first component and a convex-plano positive doublet as the second component has excellent correction for spherical aberration and coma with significant reduction of pupillary aberration. The front pupil plane of the condenser is located external to the glass in order to provide utility of the condenser in microscope techniques requiring positioning of optical elements in the pupil plane. A negative lens may be combined with one embodiment of the invention to provide a longer working distance.

Abstract: A projection lens for mask pattern printing comprising a photographic lens arrangement which is used for both the alignment and the printing. The arrangement includes a plurality of fixedly positioned lenses and two interchangeable lens elements which are interchangeably insertable into the arrangement. One interchangeable lens element is designed for the alignment, and is inserted into the arrangement during aligning, and the other interchangeable lens element is designed for the printing, and is inserted into the arrangement during the printing.