Abstract: An aperture stop control device for a zoom lens system includes a variable aperture stop, a first sensor for determining the diameter of the aperture stop and providing a first electrical signal representative of the diameter of the aperture stop means and a second sensor for generating a second electrical signal indicative of a designated F number. A signal generator provides a third electrical signal indicative of the focal length of the zoom lens system. A computing circuit computes an output electrical signal as a function of the second and third electrical signals to control the diameter of the aperture stop for automatically maintaining a designated F number during a zooming operation.

Abstract: An inverted telephoto lens having a super-wide angle of view is composed of a negative meniscus lens L1 convex to the front as numbered consecutively from front to rear, a biconvex lens L2, a negative meniscus lens L3 convex to the front, a cemented positive doublet of a negative lens L4 and a positive lens L5, a biconvex lens L6, a biconcave lens L7 the rear surface of which has radius of curvature greater than that of the front surface thereof, a positive meniscus lens L8 convex to the rear, and a positive lens L9 arranged in this order. The Abbe dispersion number of the biconvex lens L6 is more than 53 and less than 61. The difference between the Abbe number of the negative lens L4 and that of the positive lens L5 of the doublet is more than 10 and less than 16.

Abstract: A surgical microscope apparatus and method for using the same for use while suturing an incision in the cornea for reconfiguring the cornea to a spherical surface having a radius of curvature of a predetermined magnitude, the microscope system including means for projecting an image onto the cornea, means for optically splitting the image into a plurality of images within the surgical field of view for viewing through the binocular eyepieces and means for adjusting the optical system to orient the images into a predetermined alignment and configuration indicative of the radius of curvature, the alignment and configuration occurring when the cornea sutures are tensioned correctly to indicate a spherical surface of the predetermined radius of curvature. The means for optically splitting the images are so-positioned to permit a portion of the surgical field of view to pass through the microscope undeviated to enable the surgeon to utilize the necessary suturing tools without multiple images of the tools.

Abstract: A zoom lens having a lens part for focusing, a zooming part consisting of a plurality of movable lens groups to vary focal distance, and a lens part for imaging in the rear of the zoom lens. The lens part for imaging consists of a front group. A rear group and a variable magnification lens group can be mounted at and dismounted from a position between the front group and rear group. A range of variable focal distance can be easily changed by shifting a portion of lenses positioned closer to the image side of a diaphragm in order to separate further an exit pupil of the total system from an imaging plane as the variable magnification lens group is mounted.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for testing eyesight in the presence of controlled varying degrees of contrast at a target which is being viewed. The contrast ratio of the illumination of the portion of a target having a series of test patterns with respect to the illumination of the background of the target surrounding the patterns affects intraocular light scattering in a subject's eyes. In one disclosed embodiment an eye chart is provided which has opaque symbols on an illuminated background. By means of a transparent surface which is partly reflective, such as a half-silvered mirror, a veiling light is superimposed uniformly upon the light transmitted from the illuminated background of the target toward the subject's eyes.

Abstract: Wide angle spectacles comprising a spectacle frame and a wide angle lens system attached to the frame. The wide angle lens system includes at least first and second lenses. The lenses are arranged so that light passes in series first through the first lens and then through the second lens in travelling to the eye of the user. The lens system materially increases the peripheral vision of the user.

Abstract: Homonymous-hemianopsia corrective device, comprising first and second reflectors, provides corrected vision over an overall field of view which is greater than the limited angular field of view of uncorrected vision of a person suffering from homonymous hemianopsia.

Abstract: A rear conversion lens system to be mounted on the image side of a photographic lens to enlarge the total focal length of the entire lens system including the photographic lens comprises a diverging group and a converging group disposed on the image side of the diverging group. The diverging group includes, as viewed in order from the object side, a first positive lens component, a negative lens component and a second positive lens component. The converging group includes, as viewed in order from the object side, a positive lens component and a negative lens component.

Abstract: A sunbather's eyes are shielded by eye covers of opaque material while a frame supporting the eye covers transmits tanning radiation to the wearer's face for even tanning of the entire face including the area around the eyes. The frame is made of plastic material that is substantially transparent to ultraviolet light and the eye covers are adjustably mounted on the frame.

Abstract: An eyeglass temple including a pair of telescopic temple members, the inner telescopic member having a longitudinal opening, and the outer telescopic member having a projection entering the opening for relative movement therealong upon telescoping of the members, the opening and projection being configured for retaining engagement with each other at selected positions of telescopic movement to maintain a desired adjustment.

Abstract: Eyeglass frames are disclosed in which the right and left lens rims are split to facilitate insertion and removal of lenses. A pair of flanges on each rim adjacent the split mate to form a composite lug which is received between upper and lower arms on the associated temple pieces whereby the rims are held in the closed position. Pivot pin means are provided to secure the temple pieces to the lugs on the lens rims. The lug and pivot pin arrangement is generally useful for securing removable temple pieces to lens rims.

Abstract: A pair of decorative sunglasses has temples of chain or cord, each sized to extend, when worn, over and behind the ears and down to the ear lobe and to connect to a pendant suspended therefrom. As a modification, the sunglass frames and pendants are formed of transparent material with separable mating halves which snap apart and together to permit changing a decorative sheet which fits between the halves.

Abstract: In a zoom lens consisting of a first lens group having a negative refractive power and a second lens group having a positive refractive power with the air separation between the first and second groups being variable for zooming, there are provided two non-spherical surfaces positioned respectively in the first lens group and on the image side of a diaphragm in the second lens group at optional locations to prevent deterioration of aberrations which occurs when the image angle of the zoom lens is increased.

Abstract: The zoom objective includes, proceeding in order in direction from the farther to the closer conjugate of the zoom objective, a first lens group, a second lens group, and a main objective. The first lens group is convergent and consists of a cemented doublet. The second lens group is divergent and consists of a cemented doublet. The second lens group is axially shiftable. The first and second lens groups together constitute a zoom-projection-objective variator having a negative refractive power. The main objective of the zoom objective is convergent and comprises a plurality of lens elements, the two of which closest to the second lens group together form a component lens system having a positive refractive power.

Abstract: Eyeglasses comprising a headband adapted to encircle the head of a wearer, an eyeglass frame, and a pivot support removably mounted on the headband and supporting the eyeglass frame for incremental movements to positions into and out of the line of sight of the wearer.

Abstract: Apparatus to minimize laser angular rate sensor lock in by optimal positioning of the beam path within the laser cavity.

Abstract: A shift lens system having a correcting means for correcting aggravation of aberrations to be caused when the lens system is shifted in parallel with the image surface. The correcting means is arranged to decenter at least one lens component in the lens system when the lens system is shifted and to thereby obtain a favorable image.

Abstract: Variable density spectacles comprising a pair of superposed iodine stained light polarizing elements, one of such elements being rotatable through an arc of less than 90 degrees to provide changes in the light transmitting functionality of the superposed elements; each of said elements having a light transmittance of from about 42 to 44 percent.

Abstract: An optical device comprising a pair of lenses mounted along a viewing axis within a housing and angularly adjustable relative to the viewing axis by a manipulator extending outside the housing. The manipulator comprises an exterior knob on a shaft extending through the housing and having a gear engaging corresponding sector gear portions of individual pivoted mounts supporting the respective lenses. A flexible, preferably elastic membrane, sealed to the respective lenses and extending therebetween, contains a fluid such as glycerine, having an index of refraction corresponding to the refractive index of the lens material. Adjustment of the manipulator knob jointly varies the angles of the respective lenses relative to the viewing axis and to each other so as to shift the direction of light transmitted through the device. The device is used by an individual in exercising eye muscles to correct a condition of squint, e.g., the cross-eyed condition not infrequently encountered in young children.

Abstract: An optical lens having smooth outer surfaces includes at least two layers of different materials and different indices of refraction. Each layer has Fresnel type undulations forming optically active surfaces which interfit or mate with complementary undulations on an adjacent layer in a surface-to-surface and void-free condition. The layers are either fused together or held together by a transparent cement.