Abstract: An apparatus used in combination with a gasoline powered internal combustion engine. The apparatus allows a fuel-air inlet charge to be applied into the engine combustion chamber that is comprised of an optimized mixture of gasoline, air and unburned hydrocarbon exhaust gases. The apparatus is comprised of four elements that are synergistically combined with existing engine and engine-related components. The four elements include a thermic reactor, a catalytic gas injector, a thermic reactor exhaust filter, and a fuel regulator/restrictor. The thermic reactor supplies heated clean air and exhaust gases to the catalytic gas injector where the clean air and exhaust gases are mixed. The mixed gas together with a regulated quantity of gasoline supplied from the fuel regulator/restrictor are applied to the carburetor or fuel injection system. The fuel-air mixture improves the thermal efficiency of the engine, thereby reducing fuel consumption, and reducing air-contaminating exhaust emissions.

Abstract: A balancer structure for a three-cylinder engine for eliminating the vibration in the engine especially the vibration caused by an inertia couple about an axis perpendicular to the crankshaft of the engine. A countershaft is rotated at the same speed as the crankshaft but in opposite direction. Two counterweights are secured to the crankshaft corresponding to the first and third cylinders of both ends for balancing of reciprocating masses and rotating masses. A counterweight is secured to the crankshaft for balancing of reciprocating masses. At least two balancers are secured to the countershaft at both ends thereof.

Abstract: An induction system for a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine wherein the manifold and cylinder head intake passages of the respective cylinders are divided into two parts by a partition. A load responsive throttle valve controls the flow to the induction passage parts to that the low speed charge requirements are supplied through only one part of the induction passage and the wide open charge requirements are supplied through both parts to achieve maximum power without sacrificing low speed running at a low cost.

Abstract: A reciprocating combustion engine is improved by a cycle which applies outlet slots at the bottom of the cylinders, through which the exhaust gases exit to pass into a charger drive unit, while the charger drive unit drives a charger which delivers air or mixture over inlet valve means into the cylinder. The charging is also used to drive the exhaust gases out of the cylinder. Four cycle engines can thereby made up to two-stroke engines with super-charging. Outlet valves and heat on them as in typical four-stroke engines are spared. Flow areas into and out of the cylinder are increased and so is the power of the engine. A charger-arrangement provides a plurality of flow streams to super-charge the cylinders, to cool the valve head and to cool the valves. The head of the piston has a configuration relative to the valve head for preventing dead space and respective losses.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine cylinder liner adapted to have a piston move reciprocally therewithin, the cylinder liner including an exhaust port, an exhaust port bridge extending across the exhaust port, and a relief hole in the cylinder liner positioned at one end of the exhaust port bridge for allowing the exhaust port bridge to expand in a direction other than toward the path of piston movement.

Abstract: The invention is an improved piston engine, either two stroke or four stroke. In one, two stroke, one cylinder embodiment, the improvement comprises two springs connecting between the piston and the base of the piston. These springs are relatively relaxed when the crank is at top dead center. Then during the power/intake stroke, some of the fuel's energy is delivered to the crankshaft and some is used to compress the springs. The stored energy in the springs is delivered to the crankshaft during the exhaust/compression stroke while the springs return to their relatively relaxed condition. As a result, energy is delivered to the crankshaft during both strokes of the cycle, and the engine runs smooth.In one, four stroke, two cylinder embodiment, each cylinder has springs as described above, the cranks of each cylinder are aligned, and the cam sets one cylinder in the power stroke while the other is in the intake stroke.

Abstract: A cold enrichment device for an internal combustion engine having a pair of parallel flow paths communicating with the engine for delivering cold enrichment fuel. One of the flow paths includes a valve that is responsive to starting of the engine for delivering fuel for a predetermined time period whereas the other flow path includes a temperature responsive valve for providing cold running enrichment fuel.

Abstract: A crankshaft of a V-6 internal combustion engine is provided with first and second end balance weights located at the front and rear end sections thereof. The crankshaft is further provided with first and second middle balance weights located near the first and second end balance weight, respectively, and a central balance weight located at the central section thereof, thereby establishing dynamic balance even between the adjacent main bearing journals of the crankshaft.

Abstract: A four cycle internal combustion engine including a secondary intake system. The secondary intake system includes a pumping diaphragm actuated by pressure variation within the engine crankcase. The pumping diaphragm is in turn connected to the intake passage through a secondary intake passage to receive and expel air/fuel mixture toward the intake valving at appropriate intervals. A control valve control communication between the crankcase and the pumping diaphragm to restrict or allow actuation of the pumping diaphragm. An outlet also extends from the system to vent the crankcase at appropriate intervals.

Abstract: An automatic tappet adjuster for a valve operating mechanism has two components 12, 14 with co-operating buttress thread form screw threads 32. The axial free play in the threads 32 sets the valve clearance. Excess clearance 56 is taken up by movement of one component, 14 acted on by a spring 40, relative to the other component 12. The buttress thread form 32 exhibits higher friction against rotation in one direction than in the other.

Abstract: A rotary valve with an axially extending passage revolves in a bed of a valve bearing body which has inlet passage means and a fluid transfer channel. The valve controls the periodic flow of fluid from the inlet means to the transfer channel. Fluid pressure containing pockets are provided diametrically of the transfer channel to let the rotary valve member float between opposed pressure fields. Accessary means can be provided to the rotary valve to secure equal forces at equal times on diametrically opposed portions of the outer face of the rotary valve member.

Abstract: A valve-seat insert for internal combustion engines comprises a double layered, sintered alloy composed of a valve-seat layer on which a valve is seated, and a base layer integrated with the valve-seat layer and adapted to be seated in a cylinder head of an engine. The valve-seat layer is composed of a sintered alloy of a high heat resistance and a high wear resistance having a composition comprising, by weight, 4 to 8% Co, 0.6 to 1.6% Cr, 4 to 8% Mo, 1 to 3% Ni, 0.3 to 1.5% C, 0.2 to 0.6% Ca, and the balance being substantially Fe, the additives, Co, Cr and Mo being present mainly in a form of a Co-Cr-Mo hard alloy and a hard Fe-Mo alloy dispersed in the Fe matrix. The base layer is composed of a sintered alloy of a higher heat resistance and a higher wear resistance than those of the valve-seat layer and having a composition comprising, by weight, 11 to 15% Cr, 0.4 to 2.0% Mo, 0.05 to 0.3% C, balance substantially Fe.

Abstract: A virtual balancing axis arrangement is described for multi-cylinder reciprocating piston machines for effectively balancing out imbalanced forces and minimizing residual imbalance moments acting on the crankshaft of such machines without requiring the use of additional parallel-arrayed balancing shafts or complex and expensive gear arrangements. The novel virtual balancing axis arrangement is capable of being designed into multi-cylinder reciprocating piston and crankshaft machines for substantially reducing vibrations induced during operation of such machines with only minimal number of additional component parts.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle nonscavenged internal combustion engine operates under controlled detonating conditions without damage to the engine and with greatly enhanced fuel economy. The engine may have any desired number of cylinders operating initially on a two-stroke cycle with spark and then under auto ignition conditions. A variable compression device is provided in each cylinder to store excess energy liberated at peak pressures and to release it back to the piston during its power stroke. A Scotch yoke connection between the piston rod and crank shaft is laterally guided to eliminate side thrust. A bounce piston shock absorber is provided to assist piston reversal and dampen inertia forces.

Abstract: A two-stroke cycle blower charged diesel engine is adapted for compression ignition operation on methanol or other low cetane fuels by modifications primarily including means for limiting cylinder charging air to a low scavenge ratio that provides heating of the cylinder charge with exhaust residuals to a point where reliable compression ignition of injected methanol, or other, fuel occurs. Preferably, a reduced flow air supply system and a controlled blower bypass provide adequate cylinder charge temperatures for methanol autoignition. Glow plugs or other means may be included for starting and warm-up operation.

Abstract: The valve rotator comprises a body to be attached to and rotatable with the valve. The body has at least one groove therein extending partially around said valve stem. Shiftable means is disposed within the groove. A collar receives the valve spring biasing force and encircles the valve stem adjacent the body. The body and the collar are movable in axial and rotational directions relative to each other. A pair of spring washers encircles the valve stem and is interposed between the collar and the shiftable means. One of the spring washers has a portion bearing on the shiftable means and another portion bearing on the body when the valve is closed. The other of the spring washers acts between the collar and the another portion of the one spring washer and has a first portion which overlies the another portion of the one spring washer when the valve is closed and a second portion spaced at least in part from the one spring washer when the valve is closed.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising an engine block, a piston, a crankshaft, a lever, a piston connecting rod, and a crankshaft connecting rod. The engine block defines a cylinder chamber, and the piston is supported for reciprocating movement therein. The crankshaft is rotatably supported by the engine block and includes an eccentric portion. The lever includes first and second ends and an intermediate portion located therebetween, and the first end of the lever is pivotally connected to the engine block. The piston connecting rod includes a first end pivotally connected to the intermediate portion of the lever and a second end pivotally connected to the piston. The crankshaft connecting rod includes a first end pivotally connected to the second end of the lever and a second end pivotally connected to the eccentric portion of the crankshaft.

Abstract: In a cam shaft holding system for an internal combustion engine, a cylinder head is secured to a cylinder block by cylinder head mounting bolts positioned between adjacent cylinders. An intake cam shaft and an exhaust cam shaft are extended at positions outside the cylinder head mounting bolts along the row of the cylinders. Cam shaft holding members are positioned between the cylinders for rotatably supporting the cam shafts on the cylinder head. Each cam shaft holding member intersects perpendicularly with each cam shaft and has bolting portions at its end portions such that at least the end portion on the cylinder head mounting bolt side is provided with two bolting portions. The bolting portions define an aperture therebetween for avoiding interference with each cylinder head mounting bolt.

Abstract: The expansion/contraction timing of an actuator chamber is varied in accordance with the sensed engine vibration in a manner as to compensate for the frequency dependent change in pressure transmission characteristics between the chamber of the actuator and the chamber of an engine suspension insulator. This is done by sensing the engine vibration frequency or a parameter which varies in accordance with same (e.g. RPM) and suitably delaying a solenoid or similar electric motor energization signal in accordance with the frequency of the vibration.

Abstract: A lip sealing ring including a cylindrical elastic body having a sealing lip at one end and an attachment portion at the other end and a cylindrical reinforcing member having a first portion which includes an end face, a second portion having a smaller diameter than the first portion, and a shoulder portion joining the first and second portions. The reinforcing member surrounds the attachment portion and has only its inside surface bonded to the attachment portion. The reinforcing member is positioned such that the end face is located toward the sealing lip.