Abstract: Described herein is a process for the removal of sulfones by mesoporous silica adsorbents having narrow pore size distribution which could be controlled to specification for the selective removal of sulfones from oxidized hydrocarbon fuels wherein the sulfones were present due to oxidative conversion of organo-sulfur compounds by a suitable oxidizing solution. The mesoporous adsorbents showed typically 2-18 times higher equilibrium loading capacity for sulfones in comparison to the commercially available adsorbents.

Abstract: Methods for hydrocracking a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock (e.g., heavy oil and/or coal resid) employ a catalyst composed of well dispersed metal sulfide catalyst particles (e.g., colloidally or molecularly dispersed catalyst particles, such as molybdenum sulfide), which provide an increased concentration of metal sulfide catalyst particles within lower quality materials requiring additional hydrocracking. In addition to increased metal sulfide catalyst concentration, the systems and methods provide increased reactor throughput, increased reaction rate, and higher conversion of asphaltenes and lower quality materials. Increased conversion of asphaltenes and lower quality materials also reduces equipment fouling, enables processing of a wider range of lower quality feedstocks, and leads to more efficient use of a supported catalyst if used in combination with the well dispersed metal sulfide catalyst particles.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a hydrocarbon oil, comprising: a first step wherein a feedstock oil containing an oxygen-containing organic compound and a water-insoluble chlorine-containing compound is brought into contact with a hydrogenation catalyst comprising a support containing a porous inorganic oxide and one or more metals selected from Group VIA and Group VIII of the periodic table supported on the support in the presence of hydrogen to generate a hydrocarbon oil and water in a vapor state by the hydrodeoxygenation of an oxygen-containing organic compound and convert the water-insoluble chlorine-containing compound into a water-soluble chlorine-containing compound; a second step wherein the water in the reaction product of the first step is maintained in a vapor state and the reaction product of the first step is brought into contact with a nitrogen-containing Brønsted base compound which has a boiling point at normal pressure of 100° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating various waste petroleum into eco-friendly solid so that leaching of oil would not occur. The method of the present invention can treat radioactive waste petroleum as well as various waste petroleum, thereby stabilizing waste petroleum chemically and physically, wherein the method comprises mixing waste petroleum with a sulfuric acid and a nitric acid; adding sodium hydroxide, thereby carrying out a polymerization reaction to produce solid particles; colloidizing a mixture obtained by uniformly stirring the solid particles; adding a diisocyanate compound in reactor, thereby carrying out a subsequent polymerization reaction to obtain a new compound in the form of powder; discharging a generated gas into the atmosphere; and filling the powder into a resin as a filling material and compression molding and reclaiming the filled powder.

Abstract: Disclosed is a combined process for hydrotreating and catalytic cracking of residue, wherein the residue, catalytic cracking heavy cycle oil with acidic solid impurity being removed, optional distillate oil and adistillate of catalytic cracking slurry oil from which the acidic solid impurity is removed are fed into residue hydrotreating unit, the hydrogenated residue obtained and optional vacuum gas oil are fed into catalytic cracking unit to obtain various products; the catalytic cracking heavy cycle oil from which the acidic solid impurity is removed is circulated to the residue hydrotreating unit; the catalytic cracking slurry oil is separated by distilling, the distillate of the catalytic cracking slurry oil after removing off the acidic solid impurity is circulated to the residue hydrotreating unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high capacity adsorbent for removing sulfur from hydrocarbon streams. The adsorbent comprises a composite material containing particles of a nickel phosphide complex NixP. The adsorbent is utilized in a sulfur removal process that does not require added hydrogen, and run at relatively low temperatures ranging from about 150° C. to about 400° C. The process of this invention enables “ultra-deep” desulfurization down to levels of about 1 ppm and less.

Abstract: The invention below shows a preferred method to make high quality base oil at unexpectedly high yields using a combination of hydrotreatment of high waxy feedstocks accompanied by hydroisomerization of the resulting wax to produce an extra high VI lube of greater than 140VI and at least ?18 deg C. pour point or less. The preferred combinations of conditions identified below can surprisingly lead to unexpectedly high yields. This allows the use of higher oil content (or lower wax content) feedstocks.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved hydrotreating process for removing sulfur from naphtha and distillate feedstreams. This improved process utilizes a hydrotreating zone, an acid gas removal zone, and a pressure swing adsorption zone having a total cycle time of less than about 30 seconds for increasing the concentration of hydrogen utilized in the process.

Abstract: Methods for processing a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock flows are provided. In one aspect, the method includes providing two or more hydroprocessing stages disposed in sequence, each hydroprocessing stage having a hydroprocessing reaction zone with a hydrogen requirement and each stage in fluid communication with the preceding stage. A hydrogen source is provided substantially free of hydrogen from a hydrogen recycle compressor. The hydrocarbonaceous feedstock flow is separated into an portions of fresh feed for each hydroprocessing stage, and the first portion of fresh feed to the first hydroprocessing stage is heated. The heated first portion of fresh feed is supplied with hydrogen from the hydrogen source in an amount satisfying substantially all of the hydrogen requirements of the hydroprocessing stages to a first hydroprocessing zone. The unheated second portion of fresh feed is admixed with effluent from previous stage to quench the hot reactor effluent before entering a second stage.

Abstract: A hydrocracking catalyst comprising zeolite crystallized as a layer on the surface of a porous alumina-containing matrix, said zeolite-layered matrix arranged in a configuration to provide macropores in which the zeolite layer is provided on the walls of the macropores. Hydrogenating metals can be incorporated into the catalyst.

Abstract: In solvent-assisted bitumen extraction, a native marker, for example: sulfur, nickel, vanadium, iron copper, or manganese, is used to control the solvent to bitumen ratio in a process stream such as a stream from a froth separation unit (FSU) and/or to measure hydrocarbon loss in a tailings solvent recovery unit (TSRU).

Abstract: A hydrocracking system involves introducing a heavy oil feedstock and a colloidal or molecular catalyst, or a catalyst precursor capable of forming the colloidal or molecular catalyst, into a hydrocracking reactor. The colloidal or molecular catalyst is formed in situ within the heavy oil feedstock by 1) premixing the catalyst precursor with a hydrocarbon diluents to form a catalyst precursor mixture, 2) mixing the catalyst precursor mixture with the heavy oil feedstock, and 3) raising the temperature of the feedstock to above the decomposition temperature of the catalyst precursor to form the colloidal or molecular catalyst. The colloidal or molecular catalyst catalyzes upgrading reactions between the heavy oil feedstock and hydrogen and eliminates or reduces formation of coke precursors and sediment.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon oil-impregnated composition that comprises a support material having incorporated therein a metal component and impregnated with a hydrocarbon oil. The hydrocarbon oil-impregnated composition is useful in the hydrotreating of hydrocarbon feedstocks, and it is especially useful in applications involving delayed feed introduction whereby the hydrocarbon oil-impregnated composition is first treated with hot hydrogen, and, optionally, a sulfur compound, prior to contacting it with a hydrocarbon feedstock under hydrodesulfurization process conditions.

Abstract: A process for refining or pre-refining a crude oil P is described in which P is fractionated into several fractions, wherein partial oxidation of an asphaltenic residue R1 derived from P is carried out to produce a synthesis gas SG1 with an H2/CO ratio of less than 1, steam cracking is carried out of an external light hydrocarbon fraction to produce a synthesis gas SG2 with a H2/CO ratio of more than 3; SG1 and SG2 are mixed to produce a synthesis gas SG with a H2/CO ratio in the range 1.2 to 2.5, and SG is converted by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, then the waxes produced are converted into middle distillates. Preferably, a vacuum distillate VGO and/or a deasphalted oil DAO derived from P are hydrocracked mixed with the waxes. The invention also pertains to a facility for carrying out the process.

Abstract: A hydrocracking system involves introducing a heavy oil feedstock and a colloidal or molecular catalyst, or a precursor composition capable of forming the colloidal or molecular catalyst, into a hydrocracking reactor. The colloidal or molecular catalyst is formed in situ within the heavy oil feedstock by intimately mixing a catalyst precursor composition into a heavy oil feedstock and raising the temperature of the feedstock to above the decomposition temperature of the precursor composition to form the colloidal or molecular catalyst. The colloidal or molecular catalyst catalyzes upgrading reactions between the heavy oil feedstock and hydrogen and eliminates or reduces formation of coke precursors and sediment. At least a portion of a resid fraction containing residual colloidal or molecular catalyst is recycled back into the hydrocracking reactor to further upgrade the recycled resid fraction portion and provide recycled colloidal or molecular catalyst within the hydrocracking reactor.

Abstract: An MCM-41 catalyst having a crystalline framework containing SiO2 and a Group IV metal oxide, such as TiO2 or ZrO2 is provided. The catalyst is low in acidity and is suitable for use in processes involving aromatic saturation of hydrocarbon feedstocks.

Abstract: Solid organic acids may be introduced into hydrocarbon solvents to form dispersions; the dispersions in turn may be introduced into crude oil. A wash water may be added to the crude oil to create an emulsion. The organic acids may transfer metals and/or amines from a hydrocarbon phase into an aqueous phase in an electrostatic desalter which resolves the emulsion into the two phases. Suitable solid organic acids include, but are not necessarily limited to, C2-C4 alpha hydroxyacids, such as, but not necessarily limited to, glycolic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid and even sulfamic acid, chloroacetic acid, thiomalic acid, including esters of, polymers of, amine salts of, alkali metal salts of, and/or ammonium salts of all of these acids.

Abstract: A mixed matrix adsorbent is found for use in the removal of light alkanes from a gasoline stream. The mixed matrix comprises two adsorbents with one adsorbent having an LTA type structure and the other adsorbent having an MFI structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for thermally cracking a hydrocarbon feed in an installation comprising a radiant section and a convection section, wherein a hydrocarbon feed stock is fed to a feed preheater present in the convection section, the heat pick-up of the feed preheater is controlled by regulating the heat exchange capacity of an economiser, said economiser being located in the convection section between the feed preheater and the radiant section, and wherein the feed heated in the preheater is thereafter cracked in the radiant section. The invention further relates to an installation for the cracking of a hydrocarbon feed.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a fluid catalytic cracking unit. The fluid catalytic cracking unit can include a first riser, a second riser, and a disengagement zone. The first riser can be adapted to receive a first feed terminating at a first reaction vessel having a first volume. The second riser may be adapted to receive a second feed terminating at a second reaction vessel having a second volume. Generally, the first volume is greater than the second volume. What is more, the disengagement zone can be for receiving a first mixture including at least one catalyst and one or more products from the first reaction vessel, and a second mixture including at least one catalyst and one or more products from the second reaction vessel. Typically, the first mixture is isolated from the second mixture.