Abstract: A method for recovering base oil from waste lubricating oil by separating base oil range constituents from a waste lubricating oil mixture, thereafter separating higher quality base oil constituents and lower quality base oil constituents from the base oil recovered from the waste lubricating oil mixture and thereafter treating the lower quality base oil constituents to produce marketable base oil. The total base oil produced from a waste lubricating oil mixture by this process is greater than the quantity producible by previous processes using only base oil separation from the waste lubricating oil mixture or processes which use only treatment of the base oil recovered from the waste lubricating oil mixture to produce the product base oil.

Abstract: A method for removing catalyst, catalyst fines, and coke particulates from a slurry oil stream includes the steps of routing a first slurry oil stream from a first slurry oil source to at least one hydrocyclone, increasing at least one of a temperature and a pressure of the first slurry oil stream prior to it entering the at least one hydrocyclone; passing the first slurry oil stream through the at least one hydrocyclone; and routing a second slurry oil stream exiting an overflow end of the at least one hydrocyclone to a second slurry oil source. The first and second slurry oil sources may be one or more of the following: a main column of a fluid catalytic cracking fractionator, a steam generator, a heat exchanger, a decant slurry oil storage, and a slurry oil storage tank.

Abstract: An integrated process for the manufacture of olefins and intermediates for the production of ammonia and urea, comprising an FCC reactor, a regenerator, a steam reforming unit, an air-separation unit, an ammonia production unit and a urea production unit, is described. This process makes it possible to minimize CO2 emissions to atmosphere, make use of heavy feedstocks of low added value (AR) for the production of light olefins, in addition to making maximum use of all the flows involved, thus increasing the energy efficiency achieved, all at the same time.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for separating bitumen froth into an upper bitumen-rich, reduced-solids layer, and a lower concentrated solids layer using a cone-bottomed, raked froth tank. The process involves introducing bitumen froth into the froth tank; rotating at least one movable picket through the bitumen froth; recovering the upper bitumen-rich, reduced-solids layer; and withdrawing the lower concentrated solids layer from the tank.

Abstract: A system comprising a riser reactor comprising a gas oil feedstock and a first catalyst under catalytic cracking conditions to yield a riser reactor product comprising a cracked gas oil product and a first used catalyst; a intermediate reactor comprising at least a portion of the cracked gas oil product and a second catalyst under high severity conditions to yield a cracked intermediate reactor product and a second used catalyst; wherein the intermediate reactor feedstock comprises at least one of a fatty acid and a fatty acid ester.

Abstract: A composition and method demulsify a produced emulsion from anionic surfactants and polymer (SP) and alkali, surfactants, and polymer (ASP). The produced emulsion is demulsified into oil and water. In one embodiment, the composition includes a surfactant. The surfactant comprises a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, or any combinations thereof.

Abstract: A catalytic cracking catalyst composition is disclosed that is suitable for reducing the sulfur content of catalytically cracking liquid products, in particularly gasoline products, produced during a catalytic cracking process. Preferably, the catalytic cracking process is a fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) process. The composition comprises zeolite, zinc and at least one rare earth element having an ionic radius of less than 0.95 ? at a coordination number of 6. Preferably, zinc and the rare earth element are present as cations that have been exchanged on the zeolite. The zeolite is preferably a Y-type zeolite.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating natural gas comprises a contactor having a manifold for spreading gas in the contactor vessel, a plurality of perforated plates above the manifold, a spray system for spraying a treating liquid into an upwardly rising column of gas and a liquid level controller for maintaining the treating liquid above the perforated plates. Gas and liquid from the contactor pass through a cooler and are then separated. A treating liquid regeneration system receives the treating liquid and flashes the liquid at low pressure to separate hydrocarbon gases, hydrocarbon liquid and treating liquid. The treating liquid is regenerated by heating and flashing off contaminant gases and is ultimately redelivered to the contactor.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing a jet fuel composition from a feedstock comprising a natural oil. The methods comprise reacting the feedstock with oxygen under conditions sufficient to form an oxygen-cleaved product. The methods further comprise hydrogenating the oxygen-cleaved product under conditions sufficient to form a jet fuel composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multistage reforming process to produce a high octane product. A naphtha boiling range feedstock is processed in a multi-stage reforming process, in which the process involves at least 1) a penultimate stage for reforming the naphtha feedstock to produce a penultimate effluent 2) a final stage for further reforming at least a portion of the penultimate effluent 3) a regeneration step for the final stage catalyst. The severity of the penultimate stage can be increased during final stage catalyst regeneration in order to maintain the target RON of the reformate product and avoid reactor downtime.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention includes in a process for cracking a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising: a) feeding a hydrocarbon feedstock containing at least 1 wt % of resid components having boiling points of at least 500° C. to a furnace convection section to heat the feedstock; b) flashing the heated feedstock in a first flash separation vessel to create a first overhead stream and a first bottoms liquid stream; c) hydrogenating at least a portion of the first bottoms liquid stream to create a hydrogenated bottoms stream; d) flashing the hydrogenated bottoms stream in a second flash separation vessel to create a second overhead stream and a second bottoms liquid stream; e) cracking the first overhead stream and the second overhead stream in a cracking furnace to produce a pyrolysis effluent stream. In other embodiments, the process further comprises heating the hydrocarbon feedstock in step a) to a temperature within a range of from 315° C. to 705° C.

Abstract: Process for reducing the concentration of water-soluble carboxylic acids in a hydrocarbonaceous mixture which process comprises (i) taking a sample from the hydrocarbonaceous mixture and extracting the water-soluble carboxylic acids from the sample, (ii) subjecting the extracted water-soluble carboxylic acids to chromatography, (iii) calculating the concentration of water-soluble carboxylic acids in the hydrocarbon mixture based on the chromatography results, and (iv) reducing the concentration of water-soluble carboxylic acids in the hydrocarbonaceous mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrocracking catalyst comprising an acidic silica-alumina, an optional alumina, an effective quantity of at least one VIII Group metal component(s), an effective quantity of at least one VIB Group metal component(s) and an organic additive, wherein the organic additive is one or more selected from the group consisting of an oxygen-containing or nitrogen-containing organic compound, and the molar ratio of the organic additive to the VIII Group metal component(s) is 0.01-10. The present invention relates further to a process for producing the hydrocracking catalyst and use of the catalyst in a process for hydrocracking hydrocarbon oils. The hydrocracking catalyst provided according to the present invention shows a higher activity for aromatic hydrosaturating and ring-opening reaction, as compared with the prior art hydrocracking catalyst.

Abstract: A reaction system and method for removing heteroatoms from oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon streams and products derived therefrom are disclosed. An oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed is reacted in a reaction system thereby forming non-ionic hydrocarbon products. The products derived therefrom are useful as transportation fuels, lubricants, refinery intermediates, or refinery feeds.

Abstract: A reaction system and method for removing heteroatoms from oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon streams and products derived therefrom are disclosed. An oxidized-heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon feed is reacted in a reaction system thereby forming non-ionic hydrocarbon products. The products derived therefrom are useful as transportation fuels, lubricants, refinery intermediates, or refinery feeds.

Abstract: The production of light hydrocarbons consisting of ethylene, propylene, butylenes, and of gasoline is enhanced by introducing a heavy oil feedstream derived from an external source into an ancillary downflow reactor that utilizes the same catalyst composition as an adjacent FCC unit for cracking the heavy oil and withdrawing the desired lighter hydrocarbon reaction product stream from the downflow reactor and regenerating the catalyst in the same regeneration vessel that is used to regenerate the spent catalyst from the FCC unit. The efficiency of the recovery of the desired lighter olefinic hydrocarbons is maximized by limiting the feedstream to the downflow reactor to heavy oils that can be processed under relatively harsher conditions, while minimizing production of undesired by-products.

Abstract: A process for treating a heavy oil which comprises subjecting a heavy oil to cavitation to reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil. The treated heavy oil, which has a reduced viscosity and specific gravity, thus is more pumpable and transportable, which facilitates further processing. The treated heavy oil also can be fractionated with less severity than untreated heavy oil.

Abstract: A process for treating a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock is provided in which a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock comprising at least 20 wt. % of heavy hydrocarbons is mixed with hydrogen and a catalyst to produce a vapor comprising a first hydrocarbon-containing product. The vapor comprising the first hydrocarbon-containing product is separated from the mixture, and, apart from the mixture, the first hydrocarbon-containing product is contacted with hydrogen and a catalyst containing a Column 6 metal to produce a second hydrocarbon-containing product.

Abstract: A method for processing froth treatment tailings, including separating the froth treatment tailings in order to produce a coarse mineral material fraction and a fine mineral material fraction therefrom, subjecting the coarse mineral material fraction to froth flotation in order to produce a heavy mineral concentrate and a coarse mineral material tailings therefrom, and subjecting the heavy mineral concentrate to solvent extraction in order to produce a debitumenized heavy mineral concentrate and a bitumen extract therefrom.

Abstract: The hydrorefining method of the invention is characterized by contacting, in the presence of hydrogen, a fuel stock comprising normal paraffins and oxygen-containing compounds, with a hydrorefining catalyst comprising a support containing USY zeolite and at least one solid acid selected from among silica-alumina, alumina-boria, silica-zirconia, silica-magnesia and silica-titania, and at least one metal selected from among metals of Group VIb and metals of Group VIII of the Periodic Table supported on the support.