Abstract: This invention relates to treatment of antibiotic associated diarrhea, including Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) and pseudomembranous colitis (PMC), using oligosaccharide compositions which bind C. difficile toxin A. More specifically, the invention concerns neutralization of C. difficile toxin A associated with CDAD.

Abstract: Compositions comprising (i) granules comprising a biologically active material in association with a weak base and partially coated with a delayed release material soluble in intestinal juice, (ii) an acidifying agent having a pH between 1.5 to 6, and (iii) a gel forming agent are described. There is also described a composition comprising an acidic gel having a pH between 1.5 to 6 and containing microgranules comprising a biologically active material in association with a weak base and partially coated with a delayed release material soluble in intestinal juice. The compositions may be used in the treatment of diseases associated with intestinal pathogens in animals. Where the biologically active material is a protease, receptor/adhesion sites in the intestines for pathogens may be proteolysed so as to prevent pathogen binding to intestinal surfaces.

Abstract: This invention provides a microcapsule designed for zero order release of a physiologically active polypeptide over a period of at least two months, which is produced by preparing a water-in-oil emulsion comprising an inner aqueous layer containing about 20 to 70% (w/w) of said polypeptide and an oil layer containing a copolymer or homopolymer having a weight-average molecular weight of 7,000 to 30,000, wherein the composition ratio of lactic acid/glycolic acid in the copolymer or homopolymer is 80/10 to 100/0, and then subjecting said water-in oil emulsion to microencapsulation.

Abstract: Transition metal ions enhance the ability of the body to increase vascularization, particularly for revascularizing damaged tissues, apparently because they enhance expression of the vegF gene, so as to increase VEGF levels. According, hypoxic tissue damage can be treated or prophylactically reduced by administering a composition comprising a transition metal ion capable of stimulating vascularization. Treatment can be accomplished using compositions of matter which include a transition metal ion in a sterile, biologically compatible carrier, packaged as a unit dosage effective to increase vascularization in hypoxic tissue. For systemic administration, the transition metal ion is formulated at a concentration that is non-toxic and ineffective to increase vascularization in non-hypoxic tissue.

Abstract: Certain new phenone derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 =CH.sub.3,R.sup.2 =H, Cl, Br, I, methyl, hydroxy, methoxy, propoxy, propoxy or ethoxy;R.sup.3 =H or .beta.-D-glykosyl;R.sup.4 =H, Cl, Br, I, methyl, hydroxy, methoxy, propoxy, iso-propoxy or ethoxy;R.sup.5 =H or hydroxy,and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts, ethers and esters thereof, with the exception of the compounds 4-hydroxyacetophenone, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-acetophenone, 4-glucopyranosyloxy-acetophenone, 4-glucopyranosyloxy-3-methoxyacetophenone, 4-galactopyranosyloxy-3-methoxy-acetophenone, 4-glucopyranosyloxy-3,5-dimethoxy-acetophenone and galactopyranosyloxy-3,5-dimethoxy-acetophenone and a method for manufacturing them and pharmaceutical preparations containing them. The invention also concerns pharmaceutical preparations containing at least one compound of the formula (II) ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 denotes H, OH, alkoxy or C.sub.1-8 alkyl;R.sup.2 denotes H or C.sub.1-4 alkoxy;R.sup.3 denotes OH or a .beta.

Abstract: Gepirone compositions having extended release properties contain a gepirone salt, a cellulosic polymer matrix and suitable quantities of pharmaceutical excipients. Dosage forms based thereon require 18 to 24 hours for release of 90 to 95% of gepirone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for fluoridating teeth. More specifically, the invention is a reactive, multi-component composition consisting of an admixture of a stable, non-toxic soluble calcium salt and a soluble calcium complexing (chelating) agent, with a stable, non-toxic soluble fluoride compound, a buffer, and one or more non-interfering carriers. The components of this admixture are mixed in an aqueous environment, resulting in a controlled precipitation of calcium fluoride, and then promptly applied to the tooth surfaces. The invention contemplates mouth rinses, dentifrices, gels, and chewable tablets for application of these compositions and methods.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for preventing or treating non-inflammatory elevated intraocular pressure associated with administered or endogenous steroids including administering to a mammalian organism a composition including (a) an ophthalmologically effective amount of a non-steroidal cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and (b) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, to reduce or prevent an elevation of intraocular pressure and/or protein marker induction induced by chronic exposure to glucocorticoids.

Abstract: This invention relates to a lipid metabolism improving medicinal composition containing a phosphoric acid diester compound of the formula or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof. ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.The lipid metabolism improving medicinal composition of this invention lowers the plasma levels of triglycerides (TG), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), total cholesterol (T-ch), esterified cholesterol (E-ch), free cholesterol (F-ch), total lipid (TL) and lipid peroxides (LPO) and, among cholesterol fractions, increases the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction and reduces the low-density ipoprotein (VLDL) fractions. Therefore, the composition can be used with advantage for the amelioration of hyperlipidemia associated with arteriosclerotic diseases such as myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, cerebral infarction, cerebral arteriosclerosis, etc.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of the succinic acid molecule to stimulate the Citric Acid Cycle in humans and animals and thus relieve those metabolic disorders caused by a deficiency in the Citric Acid Cycle in humans and animals.

Abstract: Aerosol formulations substantially free of chlorofluorocarbons for oral and/or nasal administration are described. The formulations comprise 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, a medicament, optionally an excipient and optionally a surfactant. Methods of treatment utilizing the formulations are also described.

Abstract: Water soluble quaternary ammonium ethers of polysaccharides or polyols wherein the quaternary ammonium ether substituents correspond to the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a monohydroxylated or polyhydroxylated alkyl group containing between about one and about six carbon atoms; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently, alkyl groups containing between about one and about six carbon atoms; R.sub.4 is an alkyl group containing between about six and about 24 carbon atoms; and X is a halide, wherein the degree of substitution of said ethers ranges from about 0.001 to about 0.5. is provided. The composition have multiple uses as thickeners and are particularly suited for use in personal care products.

Abstract: An oligosaccharide lipid is provided which has 2 to 20 saccharide units, and has a hydrophobic group linked by an ether linkage to an anomer carbon on a reducing end group. A stabilizer for a phospholipid vesicle is also provided which comprises an oligosaccharide derivative having 2 to 20 saccharide units, and having a hydrophobic group linked by an amide linkage or an ether linkage to an anomer carbon on a reducing end group constituted of an aldose.

Abstract: Mycophenolate mofetil, mycophenolic acid, and ranolazine can be conveniently manufactured into high dose oral formulations by the hot melt filling of a supercooled mycophenolate mofetil, mycophenolic acid, or ranolazine liquid into a pharmaceutical dosage form. High dose oral pharmaceutical formulations and manufacturing methods therefor are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for enhancing the complexation of a cyclodextrin with a lipophilic and/or water-labile active ingredient which is a drug, cosmetic additive, food additive or agrochemical, comprising combining from about 0.1 to about 70% (weight/volume) of a cyclodextrin, from about 0.001 to about 5% (weight/volume) of a pharmacologically inactive water-soluble polymer acceptable for use in a pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food or agricultural composition, and said lipophilic and/or water-labile active ingredient in an aqueous medium, the polymer and cyclodextrin being dissolved in the aqueous medium before the active ingredient is added, the aqueous medium which comprises the polymer and cyclodextrin being maintained at from about 30.degree. to 150.degree. C. for a period of from about 0.1 to about 100 hours before, during and/or after the active ingredient is added, optionally followed by removal of water.

Abstract: A metabolizable blood plasma substitute is described which contains a starch ester with a molecular weight (Mw) of>20000 Daltons and a molar substitution of 0.1 to 1.5 as a colloidal component. The starch ester is for example acetyl starch with a molecular weight (Mw) of 200000 to 230000 Daltons and a molar substitution of 0.3 to 0.5.

Abstract: A method for reducing the inflammatory response in tissue of a patient, by contacting the tissue with an effective, inflammation-reducing amount of a liquid or gaseous fluorocarbon.

Abstract: A composition and method for providing nutrition, or a nutritional supplement, to a diabetic patient. Pursuant to the present invention, a low carbohydrate, high fat enteral formulation is provided. The fat comprises, in part, medium chain triglycerides (MCTs). Preferably, the composition includes a high percent of mono-unsaturated fats, high amylose starch, and soluble dietary fiber.

Abstract: A method and composition for topically administering ascorbic acid and proanthocyanidine for application to human skin care. The substance is composed of 10% to 25% ascorbic acid and at least 0.5% to 5% proanthocyanidine in combination with a high ratio water surfactant. Non-irritating thickeners, preservatives and carriers synergize to allow penetration of a serum composition to access the entire dermal membrane. The composition possesses sunscreen properties and superior collagen repair means.

Abstract: A dentifrice (tooth paste) having an antibacterial effect to prevent production of carious tooth and generation of periodontal diseases such as alveolar blennorrhea. The dentifrice contains hydroxylapatite powder. The hydroxylapatite powder carries therein an antibacterial metal such as silver, copper and/or zinc. The antibacterial metal is adsorbed to and/or combined, under ion exchange, with the hydroxylapatite powder.