Abstract: A preparation method of an ant nest like porous silicon for a lithium-ion battery comprises: (1) enabling a magnesium silicide raw material to react for 2-24 h in an ammonia gas or an atmosphere containing an ammonia gas at 600-900° C. to obtain a crude product containing porous silicon; and (2) subjecting the crude product containing porous silicon to an acid pickling treatment to obtain the ant nest like porous silicon. The preparation method has the advantages of simplicity and easiness. A large amount of porous silicon can be obtained by directly heating the magnesium silicide raw material in the ammonia gas or a mixed gas of the ammonia gas and an inert gas with a high yield.

Abstract: A method for an olefin polymerization catalyst comprises contacting a silica support or a chromium-silica support with titanium to produce a Cr/Si—Ti catalyst. A titanium-containing solution is used to facilitate the association of titanium with the support, wherein the titanium-containing solution is formed by contacting a solvent, an amino acid, optionally a peroxide, optionally a carboxylate and a titanium-containing compound. A method for preparation of an olefin polymerization catalyst comprises contacting a chromium-silica support with the titanium-containing solution under conditions suitable to form a pre-catalyst composition and further processing the pre-catalyst composition to produce a Cr/Si—Ti catalyst.

Abstract: Provided is a method which not only prevents (i) accumulation of fine silicon powder in a separation device and a pipe which are provided in steps after passage of a filter and (ii) damage to a pump, but also reduces adhesion of a silane oligomer to the filter. A method, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, for producing polycrystalline silicon, includes: a silicon deposition step; a separation step; and a fine powder removal step of removing the fine silicon powder by passing a chlorosilane condensate through a filter.

Abstract: A process for production of silica having variable thickening wherein a) a product stream I containing at least a vaporous, hydrolysable and/or oxidizable silicon compound, b) a product stream II containing oxygen and c) a product stream III containing at least a combustible gas are made to react, where d) a feed port in a pipepiece A, the pipepiece A containing one or more static mixing elements, is used to import product stream I into product stream II, or vice versa and thereby create product stream IV, then e) a feed port in a pipepiece B, the pipepiece B containing one or more static mixing elements, is used to import product stream III in product stream IV and thereby create product stream V, f) product stream V leaving pipepiece B is imported into a reaction chamber, ignited therein and reacted in a flame, and g) the resultant solid material is separated off.

Abstract: A process of preparing precipitated silica is disclosed. Said process comprises of reacting an aqueous solution of a metal silicate with a mineral acid in the presence of a surfactant solution comprising gelatin and C8-C20 sulfosuccinate blend, at a reaction temperature in a range of about 70 to 100° C. with constant stirring such that a reaction mixture having a pH of about 10·0.3 is obtained; optionally, allowing the reaction mixture to age at a temperature in a range of about 70 to 100° C. for a time period in range of 10 to 100 minutes; adjusting the pH of the reaction mixture to about 4, followed by aging said mixture at a temperature in a range of about 70 to 100° C. for a time period in a range of 10 minutes to 2 hours; and recovering the precipitated silica from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyoxometalates represented by the formula (An)m+[M?M12X8OyRzHq]m? or solvates thereof, corresponding supported polyoxometalates, and processes for their preparation, as well as corresponding metal clusters, optionally in the form of a dispersion in a liquid carrier medium or immobilized on a solid support, and processes for their preparation, as well as their use in reductive conversion of organic substrate.

Abstract: A method including: (a) contacting lime with an extract including a S1 solvent carrying a contaminant load to form a lime treated extract; and (b) reducing the contaminant load by removing solids. Optionally, the method includes washing the lime treated extract with water. Optionally, a pH of the lime treated extract is at least 6.5.

Abstract: A pre-catalyst composition comprising: a) a silica support comprising silica wherein an amount of silica is in a range of from about 70 wt. % to about 95 wt. % based upon a total weight of the silica support; b) a titanium-containing compound wherein an amount of titanium is in a range of from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % based upon a total weight of the silica within the pre-catalyst composition; c) a chromium-containing compound wherein an amount of chromium is in a range of from about 0.01 wt. % to about 10 wt. % based upon a total weight of the silica within the pre-catalyst composition; d) a surfactant wherein the surfactant comprises a non-ionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, or a combination thereof; e) a carboxylate wherein the carboxylate comprises a multi carboxylate, an alpha-hydroxy carboxylate, or a combination thereof; and f) a solvent.

Abstract: Provided is an alumina-based composite oxide having a large initial specific surface area and a small initial mean pore size, with excellent heat resistance of the specific surface area and pore volume; and a production method therefor. Specifically, provided is an alumina-based composite oxide wherein the initial crystallite diameter is 10 nm or less and the initial specific surface area is 80 m2/ml or more; after calcination at 1200° C. for 3 hours in air, the specific surface area is 10 m2/ml or more; the initial mean pore size is 10 nm or more and 50 nm or less; and after calcination at 1200° C. for 3 hours in air, the pore volume retention rate is 10% or more, which is determined by (P1/P0)×100 wherein P0 represents an initial pore volume (ml/g), and P1 represents a pore volume (ml/g) after calcination at 1200° C. for 3 hours in air.

Abstract: Methods and systems for producing activated silicate materials are disclosed. A silicate source material is provided for reaction with a reforming agent in a reforming process. The reforming process is a hydrothermal process and/or a high temperature silicate reforming (HTSR) process. The reaction materials are brought to the suitable reaction temperature via a heat source in the presence of the suitable reaction medium. The activated silicate materials exhibit improved reactivity compared to non-activated silicate materials and thus are advantageously employed in elemental extraction processes to produce a valuable material product.

Abstract: A diatomite product and method of using such is disclosed. The diatomite product may comprise sodium flux-calcined diatomite, wherein the diatomite product has a crystalline silica content of less than about 1 wt %, and the diatomite product has a permeability between 0.8 darcy and about 30 darcy. In some embodiments, the diatomite product may be in particulate or powdered form. This disclosure also concerns flux-calcined silica products containing low or non-detectable levels of crystalline silica. Some of these products can be further characterized by high permeabilities and a measurable content of opal-C, a hydrated form of silicon dioxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method of preparing silicas and to highly-structured silicas having the following characteristics: a specific surface area CTAB (SCTAB) of between 40 and 525 m2/g; a specific surface area BET (SBET) of between 45 and 550 m2/g; an object size distribution width Ld ((d84?D16)/d50), which is measured by XDC particle size analysis after deagglomeration with ultrasound, of at least 0.91; and a pore-size distribution such that ratio V(d5?d50)/V(d5?d100) is at least 0.66. The invention also relates to the use of said silicas as polymer reinforcing fillers.

Abstract: To provide polycrystalline silicon suitable as a raw material for production of single-crystalline silicon. A D/L value is set within the range of less than 0.40 when multiple pairs of silicon cores are placed in a reaction furnace in production of a polycrystalline silicon rod having a diameter of 150 mm or more by deposition according to a chemical vapor deposition process and it is assumed that the average value of the final diameter of the polycrystalline silicon rod is defined as D (mm) and the mutual interval between the multiple pairs of silicon cores is defined as L (mm).

Abstract: A method for manufacturing porous silicon can include reducing unpurified silica in the presence of a reducing agent to prepare a porous silicon material. The method of manufacture can optionally include purifying a silica, exposing the silica to reaction modifiers, purifying the mixture of the silica and reaction modifiers, comminuting the silica, purifying the silicon, coating the silicon, post-processing the silicon, and/or any suitable steps.

Abstract: A silicon ingot has opposite ends. A specific resistance, measured along an axis between the opposite ends of the silicon ingot, has at least one point of inflection where a concavity of the specific resistance changes along the axis. According to another embodiment, a silicon ingot has a first ingot part and a second ingot part between opposite ends of the silicon ingot. The first ingot part has a different specific resistance than the second ingot part. In a region of the silicon ingot between the first and second ingot parts, the specific resistance has at least one point of inflection where a concavity of the specific resistance changes.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods of synthesizing a metathesis catalyst system, which include impregnating tungsten oxide on silica support in the presence of a precursor to produce a base catalyst; calcining the base catalyst; dispersing a solid metal-based co-catalyst onto the surface of the base catalyst to produce a doped catalyst; and calcining the doped catalyst to produce a metathesis catalyst system. Further embodiments of processes for the production of propylene, which include contacting a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising a mixture of 1-butene and 2-butene with embodiments of the metathesis catalyst system to produce, via metathesis conversion, a product stream comprising propylene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a solid comprising the mixture of a set of compounds comprising at least one Cu2(OH)2CO3 powder, one metal oxide powder selected from the group of metals consisting of copper, zinc, iron, manganese and mixtures thereof, and at least one binder as well as the use of the solid prepared by means of this method.

Abstract: Embodiments of processes and multiple-stage catalyst systems for producing propylene comprising introducing a hydrocarbon stream comprising 2-butene to an isomerization catalyst zone to isomerize the 2-butene to 1-butene, passing the 2-butene and 1-butene to a metathesis catalyst zone to cross-metathesize the 2-butene and 1-butene into a metathesis product stream comprising propylene and C4-C6 olefins, and cracking the metathesis product stream in a catalyst cracking zone to produce propylene. The isomerization catalyst zone comprises a silica-alumina catalyst with a ratio by weight of alumina to silica from 1:99 to 20:80. The metathesis catalyst comprises a mesoporous silica catalyst support impregnated with metal oxide. The catalyst cracking zone comprises a mordenite framework inverted (MFI) structured silica catalyst.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods of synthesizing a metathesis catalyst system, which include impregnating tungsten oxide on silica support in the presence of a precursor to produce a base catalyst; calcining the base catalyst; impregnating a metal oxide co-catalyst comprising a metal oxide onto the surface of the base catalyst to produce a doped catalyst; and calcining the doped catalyst to produce a metathesis catalyst system. Further embodiments of processes for the production of propylene, which include contacting a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising a mixture of 1-butene and 2-butene with embodiments of the metathesis catalyst system to produce, via metathesis conversion, a product stream comprising propylene.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for synthesizing fibrous silica nanospheres, the method can include, in sequence, the steps of: a) providing a reaction mixture comprising a silica precursor, a hydrolyzing agent, a template molecule, a cosurfactant and one or more solvents; b) maintaining the reaction mixture under stirring for a length of time; c) heating the reaction mixture to a temperature for a length of time; d) cooling the reaction mixture to obtain a solid, and (e) calcinating the solid to pro duce fibrous silica nanospheres, wherein desirable product characteristics such as particle size, fiber density, surface area, pore volume and pore size can be obtained by controlling one or more parameters of the method. The present disclosure further provides a method for synthesizing fibrous silica nanospheres using conventional heating such as refluxing the reactants in an open reactor, thereby eliminating the need for microwave heating in a closed reactor or the need for any pressure reactors.