Abstract: The disclosed systems, structures, and methods are directed to a mm-Wave communication structure employing a first transmission structure employing a first ring transition structure followed by a first ground structure and a second ground structure configured to carry a ground signal, a second transmission structure employing a second ring transition structure followed by a third ground structure and a fourth ground structure configured to carry the ground signal, a third transmission structure configured to carry a mm-Wave signal, wherein the third transmission structure begins at the center of the first ring transition structure and the second ring transition structure and the third transmission structure is coplanar with the second transmission structure, and a fourth transmission structure configured to operatively couple an IC and the first transmission layer, the second transmission layer, and the third transmission structure.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a radio frequency (“RF”) translational joint. The RF translational joint includes a first coaxial line. The RF translational joint includes a first constant impedance coaxial transition connected to the first initial coaxial line. The RF translational joint includes a coax-to-stripline transition. The RF translational joint includes a stripline section connected to the first constant impedance coaxial transition via the coax-to-stripline transition. The RF translational joint includes a stripline-to-coax transition. The RF translational joint includes a second constant impedance coaxial transition connected to the stripline section via the stripline-to-coax transition. The RF translation joint includes a second coaxial line connected to the second constant impedance coaxial transition.

Abstract: A hybrid microwave attenuator is constructed by forming a circuit and a housing. The circuit has two ports, a resistive component configured to attenuate some frequencies in an input signal (transmitted signal), and a dispersive component configured to attenuate some frequencies within a frequency range. The resistive component and the dispersive component are arranged in a series configuration relative to one another between the two ports of the circuit. The housing includes a closable structure in which the circuit is positioned, the structure being formed of a material that exhibits at least a threshold level of thermal conductivity, where the threshold level of thermal conductivity is achieved at a cryogenic temperature range in which a quantum computing circuit operates. The housing further includes a pair of microwave connectors, the pair of connectors being thermally coupled to the housing.

Abstract: A phase shifter capable of improving phase accuracy by a simple method is provided. The phase shifter includes a hybrid coupler circuit including inductors with mutual inductances, an amplifying circuit, an impedance matching circuit provided between the hybrid coupler circuit and the amplifying circuit. The impedance matching circuit includes a first resistance element connected to an output node of the hybrid coupler circuit, a capacitance element connected between the first resistance element and the ground line in series, another inductor connected in parallel with the first resistance element, and a second resistance element provided between the inductor and the ground line in series.

Abstract: An antenna includes a reflector and a waveguide assembly. The waveguide assembly includes a feed assembly and a support member that extends from behind the reflector to orient the feed assembly for direct illumination of the reflector. The waveguide assembly includes a first waveguide coupled to a first portion of a common waveguide, a second waveguide coupled to a second portion of the common waveguide, and a septum layer that includes a septum polarizer coupled between the common waveguide and the first and second waveguides.

Abstract: Signal transmission structures within a printed circuit are formed to have reduced loss by making specific accommodations to reduce the surface roughness of an adjacent power plane, and thereby reducing the effects of magnetically induced currents. The power plane structure will retain sufficient surface roughness to accommodate manufacturing operations, while also contributing to reduced signal transmission losses in the adjacent signal transmission structure. The transmission structures thereby being capable of more efficiently transmitting high speed signals without undesired attenuation and loss.

Abstract: A method comprises activating an interval timer to expire in a calibration time interval and, in response to the timer expiring, performing an impedance analysis of an electronic network. The impedance analysis can use time-domain reflectometry. Based on the analysis, the method can calibrate a variable impedance device to have a first impedance and re-activate the timer. The method can perform a second impedance analysis based on calibrating the variable impedance device. The method can include determining a drift rate and modifying the calibration time interval. The variable impedance device can comprise a phase-change material (PCM), and the time interval can correspond to a retention time of the PCM and/or a dynamic drift rate. A system comprising a segment of an electronic network, a timer, a variable impedance device, and an impedance tuning system can embody operations of the method.

Abstract: A non-ferromagnetic electronic circulator device and system is described. Such passive electronic circulator devices may include a plurality of ports that include a discrete arrangement of resistors, capacitors and inductors that form a fully connected S parameter matrix. Signals that enter a first port of the circulator only exit from the second port, signals entering the second port only exit from the third port, signals entering the third port only exit the fourth port, and signals entering the fourth port, only exit the first port.

Abstract: A reciprocal element includes a housing having a plurality of circumferential side portions with a plurality of openings and a bottom portion in which at least one removed portion is defined. A first lamination part includes a center conductor with a plurality of leads extending to the outside of the plurality of openings, respectively, wherein the first lamination part is laminated on the bottom portion. A frame includes a main body to accommodate the first lamination part, at least one leg portion extending from a lower edge of the main body and insertedly coupled to the removed portion, and a plurality of supporting portions extending in an outer direction from the main body to support the plurality of leads, wherein through-holes extend in a vertical direction and defined in the plurality of supporting portions, respectively; and a plurality of conductive pins coupled to the plurality of through-holes, respectively.

Abstract: A resistive component in a hybrid microwave attenuator circuit is configured to attenuate a plurality of frequencies in an input signal. The hybrid microwave attenuator circuit is further configured with a dispersive component to attenuate a second plurality of frequencies within a frequency range by reflecting off portions of the input signal at those frequencies that are within the frequency range. The resistive component and the dispersive component are arranged in a series configuration relative to one another in the hybrid microwave attenuator circuit.

Abstract: A variable attenuator is an attenuator which is formed by coupling two transmission lines having an electrical length of ?/4 corresponding to a wavelength ? of an input signal, has one end of one transmission line as an input terminal, has the other end of the one transmission line as a through terminal, has one end of the other transmission line as a coupling terminal and has the other end of the other transmission line as an output terminal, wherein the variable attenuator has a resistor pair having the same impedance at both the through terminal and the coupling terminal, and has a resistor pair having the same impedance at both the input terminal and the output terminal.

Abstract: A hybrid microwave attenuator is constructed by forming a circuit and a housing. The circuit has two ports, a resistive component configured to attenuate some frequencies in an input signal (transmitted signal), and a dispersive component configured to attenuate some frequencies within a frequency range. The resistive component and the dispersive component are arranged in a series configuration relative to one another between the two ports of the circuit. The housing includes a closable structure in which the circuit is positioned, the structure being formed of a material that exhibits at least a threshold level of thermal conductivity, where the threshold level of thermal conductivity is achieved at a cryogenic temperature range in which a quantum computing circuit operates. The housing further includes a pair of microwave connectors, the pair of connectors being thermally coupled to the housing.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a tunable filter and a tunable filtering device. The tunable filter includes: a cavity, a filtering component that is in the cavity and that is provided on a first surface thereof with at least one through hole, a drive mechanism, and at least one first adjustable component and at least one second adjustable component that are connected to the drive mechanism and that run through the first surface of the cavity; one end of one first adjustable component is disposed opposite to one of the at least one through hole; one end of one second adjustable component is disposed opposite to a position between two adjacent through holes in the at least one through hole; and the drive mechanism controls the at least one first adjustable component to synchronously move, and controls the at least one second adjustable component to synchronously move.

Abstract: A multilayer board includes a layered body including insulating base material layers that are laminated, and first and second signal lines, a first ground conductor including a first opening, a second ground conductor, a third ground conductor, and an interlayer connecting conductor. The first signal line overlaps the first opening when seen in a layering direction. The second signal line is provided on a layer different from a layer including the first signal line and includes a portion extending side by side with the first signal line when seen in the Z-axis direction. The first, second, and third ground conductors are connected by the interlayer connecting conductor. The third ground conductor is disposed on a layer including the first signal line or a layer positioned between the first signal line and the second signal line.

Abstract: An isolator includes an input connector configured to connect the isolator to a first device. The isolator also includes an output connector configured to connect the isolator to a second device. The isolator also includes a body including an outer shield. The isolator also includes a coupling member positioned at least partially within the outer shield. The coupling member is configured to electrically couple with the outer shield. The isolator also includes a coaxial circuit positioned at least partially around a first portion of the coupling member. The isolator also includes a toroid positioned at least partially around a second portion of the coupling member The isolator also includes a compression material configured to apply a force to the coaxial circuit and the toroid. The isolator also includes a signal conditioning circuit configured to condition signals communicated between the input connector and the output connector.

Abstract: An integrated circuit can include a first capacitor in a first end portion of the integrated circuit and including a first plate and a second plate, the first plate of the first capacitor being electrically coupled to ground and within a first metal layer of the integrated circuit, a first transmission line electrically coupled to the second plate of the first capacitor, the first transmission line being within a second metal layer of the integrated circuit, a second capacitor in a second end portion of the integrated circuit and including a first plate and a second plate, the first plate of the second capacitor being electrically coupled to ground and within the first metal layer of the integrated circuit, and a second transmission line electrically coupled to the second plate of the second capacitor, the second transmission line being in the second metal layer of the integrated circuit.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for ameliorating distortion issues associated with a conductor that passes over a void in a reference plane. In an example, the conductor can include a first part routed over a major surface of a first side of the reference plane structure and that approaches a first edge of the reference plane structure with a first trajectory, a second part routed over the major surface of a second side of the reference plane structure and that approaches a second edge of the reference plane structure with a second trajectory in-line with the first trajectory, and a third portion connecting the first portion with the second portion and having a third trajectory departing from the first trajectory and the second trajectory, the third portion configured to span the void.

Abstract: A dielectric filter has a first input/output port, a second input/output port, an even number of dielectric resonators, and a capacitor for capacitively coupling the first input/output port and the second input/output port. The even number of dielectric resonators are provided between the first input/output port and the second input/output port in circuit configuration, and are configured so that two dielectric resonators adjacent to each other in circuit configuration are magnetically coupled to each other.

Abstract: An RF circulator in combination with a RF integrated circuit, the RF integrated circuit having a plurality of RF waveguide or waveguide-like structures in or on the RF integrated circuit, the RF circulator comprising a disk of ferrite material disposed on a metallic material disposed on or in the RF integrated circuit, the disk of ferrite material extending away from the RF integrated circuit when disposed thereon, the metallic portion having a plurality of apertures therein adjacent the disk of ferrite material which, in use, are in electromagnetic communication with the disk of ferrite material and with the plurality of RF waveguide or waveguide-like structures, the disk of ferrite material being disposed in a metallic cavity.

Abstract: A resonator includes a housing having a cavity therein; a plurality of resonance plates which are arranged radially around a center of the cavity with a predetermined interval therebetween; and a plurality of legs each of which supports one of the plurality of resonance plates, respectively. A center of each of the plurality of legs is deviated from a center of a corresponding resonance plate.