Abstract: A method of making a carbon nanotube structure includes providing an array of substantially aligned carbon nanotubes, wetting the array with a liquid, and evaporating the liquid to form the carbon nanotube structure having a pattern in the carbon nanotube array. The structure is preferably a carbon nanotube foam.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to methods of ozonating CNTs in fluorinated solvents (fluoro-solvents), wherein such methods provide a less dangerous alternative to existing ozonolysis methods. In some embodiments, such methods comprise the steps of: (a) dispersing carbon nanotubes in a fluoro-solvent to form a dispersion; and (b) reacting ozone with the carbon nanotubes in the dispersion to functionalize the sidewalls of the carbon nanotubes and yield functionalized carbon nanotubes with oxygen-containing functional moieties. In some such embodiments, the fluoro-solvent is a fluorocarbon solvent, such as a perfluorinated polyether.

Abstract: A method of processing fullerenes includes generating a gas stream having suspended soot particles and condensable gases, wherein the condensable gases comprise fullerenes, and separating at least a portion of the condensable gases from the suspended soot particles using a gas/solid separations process. At least a portion of the fullerenes in the condensable gases can be condensed and collected after separation of the condensable gases.

Abstract: A method for purifying breathing air using a carbon-based monolith structure impregnated with copper, silver, zinc, and molybdenum species and triethylenediamine, wherein the monolith structure is impregnated by a multiple step process. The method of impregnation results in a carbon-based monolith structure that purifies nuclear, biological, or chemical contaminants under conditions of high flow rate and low pressure drop.

Abstract: A novel oxyfullerene hollow nanosphere of CxOyMnz (45?x?72, 18?y?42, 7?z?16; x, y and z are atomic percentages) has a large surface area and high thermal stability, and can be simply prepared by reacting fullerene with alkali metal hydroxide and KMnO4 or MnO2, and treating the resulting mixture with an acid.

Abstract: A mod of combustion and a multi-component reactor to accomplish this mode of combustion are disclosed which produces fullerenes and fullerenic material by combustion. This mode consists of de-coupling an oxidation region of a flame from a post-flame region, thus giving greater control over operating parameters, such as equivalence ratio, temperature, and pressure; allows conditions of the operating parameters of the combustion reaction to be attained which would not be easily attained by conventional methods; and offers the ability to more easily stabilize the combustion reactions to allow for higher throughputs of fuel and oxidant. Several embodiments of a primary zone of a multicomponent reactor are also disclosed. Said primary zone serves as the oxidation region, operates on the principle of providing recycle to the reacting combustion mixture, and which may be operated as approximately a well-mixed reactor.

Abstract: Provided are a method of efficiently procuding fullerene into which a OH group or a SO3H group is introduced, such as fullerenol, or a derivative thereof, the fullerene and its derivative being preferable as a proton conductor, and a novel and usable proton conductor obtained by the method. Further, provided is an electrochemical device using the proton conductor such as a fuel cell or the like. In the producing method of the fullerene derivative, halogated fullerene, which is obtained through halogating a fullerene molecule is used as a precursor, the fullerene derivative is produced through introducing one or more proton dissociative group into at least one carbon atom of a fullerene molecule. Moreover, in a producing method of a polymerized fullerene derivative, a plurality of fullerene derivatives are bonded to one another by an aromatic group of an aromatic compound through reacting the plurality of fullerene derivatives with the aromatic compound.

Abstract: Polymer compositions comprising a) a polymer substrate selected from the group consisting of the polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides and polylactic acids and b) a combination of i) at least one permanent antistatic additive selected from the group consisting of the polyetheresteramides and ii) at least one migratory antistatic additive selected from the group consisting of the alkylsulfonic acid salts, the alkyl diethanolamines and the alkyl diethanolamides, are effectively antistatic.

Abstract: A process for producing a high temperature COx-lean product gas from a high temperature COx-containing feed gas, includes: providing a sorption enhanced reactor containing a first adsorbent, a shift catalyst and a second adsorbent; feeding into the reactor a feed gas containing H2, H2O, CO and CO2; contacting the feed gas with the first adsorbent to provide a CO2 depleted feed gas; contacting the CO2 depleted feed gas with the shift catalyst to form a product mixture comprising CO2 and H2; and contacting the product mixture with a mixture of second adsorbent and shift catalyst to produce the product gas, which contains at least 50 vol. % H2, and less than 5 combined vol. % of CO2 and CO. The adsorbent is a high temperature adsorbent for a Sorption Enhanced Reaction process, such as K2CO3 promoted hydrotalcites, modified double-layered hydroxides, spinels, modified spinels, and magnesium oxides.

Abstract: Carbon bodies are heated in an oven under low pressure and while being swept with an inert gas, gaseous effluent containing elemental or compound sodium in sublimed form being continuously extracted from the oven via an effluent exhaust pipe. At least one sodium-neutralizing agent is injected into the effluent exhaust pipe immediately downstream from the outlet for exhausting gaseous effluent from the oven. The sodium-neutralizing agent is selected from carbon dioxide and steam, and it can be injected continuously into the flow of gaseous effluent.

Abstract: A fuel cap 10 maintains high sealing even when subjected to external force; is easy to operate; and requires minimal space for accommodation. The cap device comprises a casing body 20 for closing the filler opening FNb in a sealed condition, a cover 40, a handle 45, a clutch mechanism 60 and a torque transmission mechanism 80. By upraising the handle to the handling position and applying rotational torque, rotational torque is transmitted to the casing body 20 via the clutch mechanism 60 and the torque transmission mechanism 80, closing the filler opening FNb. The handle 45 lowers back to the retracted position when released, whereupon the clutch mechanism 60 assumes non-transmission mode wherein the cover 40 and the handle 45 rotate freely if subjected to external force such as in a collision.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing filamentary structures. The structures include single-walled nanotubes. The method includes combusting hydrocarbon fuel and oxygen to establish a non-sooting flame and providing an unsupported catalyst to synthesize the filamentary structure in a post-flame region of the flame. Residence time is selected to favor filamentary structure growth.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of carbon nanotubes or nanofibers, which comprises introducing in a gaseous phase a colloidal solution of metal nanoparticles optionally containing a surfactant together with an optional carbon source into a heated reactor, and carbon nanotubes or nanofibers thus prepared. According to the present invention, the shape and structure of carbon nanotubes or nanofibers can be easily controlled, the carbon nanotubes or nanofibers can be continuously produced in large scales, the apparatus and the process for the preparation of nanotubes or nanofibers are simplified, and carbon nanotubes or nanofibers having various shapes, structures and properties can be easily and cheaply prepared. Further, the process of the present invention is highly reproducible and favorable in industry.

Abstract: A process for production of an agglomerate comprises the steps of: passing a flow of one or more gaseous reactants into a reactor; reacting the one or more gaseous reactants within a reaction zone of the reactor to form product particles; agglomerating the product particles into an agglomerate; and applying a force to the agglomerate to displace it continuously away from the reaction zone.

Abstract: A high temperature and high pressure process utilizes dehaloganation, oxidation, or similar reactions to chemically alter hazardous organic chemicals to render them non-hazardous. The method is particularly adaptable to the treatment of sediments in bodies of water and includes process steps to destroy contaminants such as PCBs in one product stream and to capture heavy metals for disposal in a smaller second product stream.

Abstract: Carbon black having organic groups, the organic group containing a thiocyanate group. Also described is a process for the production of the carbon black, wherein carbon black is reacted with organic compounds containing a C—C double or triple bond, which is not part of an aromatic system, whose C—C double or triple bond is activated by at least one substituent, and the organic compound contains at least one thiocyanate group. The carbon black according to the invention can be used in rubber compounds.

Abstract: Dispersable pastes comprising single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) in water or in an organic solvent are prepared. The method of preparing the dispersable pastes comprises in general the following steps: a) removal of the catalyst used during the synthesis of SWNT; b) while the SWNT are still wet, addition of the appropriate amount of solvent, in a solvent/SWNT ratio which preferably varies between 30:1 and 100:1, depending on the desired viscosity of the paste; and c) high-energy horn sonication with a dismembrator probe. The resulting pastes are suitable for easy redispersion in solvents and incorporation in various matrices such as polymers. They are also suitable to be impregnated with metal precursors such as noble metal compounds for example, Pt. Appropriate drying and thermal treatments of the impregnated material produce metal-SWNT composites in which small metal clusters can be uniformly dispersed over the nanotube surface.

Abstract: A process for producing a cobalt III encapsulated nickel hydroxide or basic nickel carbonate product including the steps of: (i) providing an ammoniacal solution including cobalt ammine complexes and nickel II ammine complexes; (ii) progressively lowering the ammonia content to sequentially precipate the nickel as an hydroxide or basic carbonate; and (iii) further lowering the ammonia content to precipitate the majority of the cobalt as cobalt III oxide hydroxide; wherein the majority of cobalt III oxide hydroxide coats on the surface of the precipitate nickel hydroxide or basic nickel carbonate to form a coated particle.

Abstract: A simple method for the production or synthesis of carbon nanotubes as free-standing films or nanotube mats by the thermal decomposition of transition metal complexed alkynes with aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl substituents. In particular, transition metal (e.g. Co, Ni, Fe, Mo) complexes of diarylacetylenes, e.g. diphenylacetylene, and solid mixtures of these complexes with suitable, additional carbon sources are heated in a vessel. More specifically, the heating of the transition metal complex is completed at a temperature between 400-800° C. and more particularly 550-700° C. for between 0.1 to 24 hours and more particularly 0.5-3 hours in a sealed vessel under a partial pressure of argon or helium.

Abstract: Inexpensive spindle- or rice-like calcium carbonate giving useful properties for brightness, opacity and wire abrasion resistance as a paper filler is provided by taking advantage of the causticization step. When a white liquor is used for slaking a quick lime, the quick lime used in the slaking reaction of a first step has a calcium carbonate content of 10% by weight or less and is slaked with the white liquor at a concentration of 20 to 60% to prepare a milk of lime. When a green liquor is used for slaking a quick lime, the quick lime used in the slaking reaction of a first step has a calcium carbonate content of 0.1 to 10% by weight and is slaked with the green liquor at a concentration of 20 to 60% to prepare a milk of lime. In a second step, causticization reaction takes place at a green liquor loading rate of 0.02 to 0.5 cc (green liquor)/min/g (quick lime) at a reaction temperature of 20 to 105° C. to afford spindle- or rice-like calcium carbonate.