Abstract: Multi-functional materials for use in reversible, high-capacity hydrogen separation and/or storage are described. Also described are systems incorporating the materials. The multi-functional materials combine a hydrogen absorbing material with a high-efficiency and anon-contact energy absorbing material in a composite nanoparticle. The non-contact energy absorbing material include magnetic and/or plasmonic materials. The magnetic or plasmonic materials of the composite nanoparticles can provide localized heating to promote release of hydrogen from the hydrogen storage component of the composite nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a silica aerogel-including blanket including a substrate for a blanket; and a silica aerogel and an opacifying agent locating at least one of on a surface of and inside the substrate for a blanket, wherein the opacifying agent is a second particulate with inorganic particles of a first particulate being aggregated, and includes 1 to 5 of the inorganic particles per unit volume of 1 ?m3, and a method for preparing the same. The silica aerogel-including blanket according to the present disclosure is capable of exhibiting flame retardancy as well as an excellent insulation property, particularly, an excellent insulation property at high temperatures, by including an opacifying agent having excellent dispersibility and high surface activity through chemical etching.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of increasing syngas production during an upgradation process of petroleum residual oil by circulation of rejuvenated upgrading material through a heat removal zone such as an Auxiliary Reformer and by regeneration of spent upgrading material.

Abstract: Disclosed are catalysts capable of catalyzing the dry reforming of methane. The catalysts have a core-shell structure with the shell surrounding the core. The shell has a redox-metal oxide phase that includes a metal dopant incorporated into the lattice framework of the redox-metal oxide phase. An active metal(s) is deposited on the surface of the shell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing hydrogen from ammonia, and in particular a method of producing hydrogen from ammonia for use in a fuel cell and/or in a prime mover. The method may be carried out in-situ in a vehicle. The invention also relates to an apparatus for producing hydrogen from ammonia.

Abstract: A closed-loop system and methods for the remediation of an aqueous solution comprising a polychlorinated biphenyl employing carbon modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles having a Ti:C atomic ratio of 3:1 to 6:1 and a bandgap energy of 1.4-2.0 eV as photocatalysts.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for producing sodium borohydride that have excellent energy efficiency and production efficiency are provided. Using a production apparatus 20 comprising: a cylindrical reaction container 21; a cylindrical reaction portion 22 which is rotatably held in this reaction container 21 and in which sodium metaborate that is a raw material 1 and granular aluminum are housed together with a grinding medium 2; and a hydrogen introduction portion 23 for introducing hydrogen gas into the reaction portion 22 directly or via the reaction container 21, the sodium metaborate and the granular aluminum are reacted under a hydrogen atmosphere, while being rolled and ground with the grinding medium, to obtain sodium borohydride.

Abstract: A method of producing graphene sheets comprising the steps of, forming a carbonaceous powder by electrochemical erosion of a graphite electrode in a molten salt comprising hydrogen ions, recovering the resulting carbonaceous powder from the molten salt liquid, and thermally treating the carbonaceous powder by heating the carbonaceous powder in a non-oxidising atmosphere to produce a thermally treated powder comprising graphene sheets. The method allows high production rates of high purity graphene sheets.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a catalytic process for the manufacture of hydrogen and hydrocarbons simultaneously in the same reactor from renewable source, i.e. lipids, glycerides and fatty acids from plant, animal or algae oil, where in the multiple unsaturations in the renewable feedstock and the catalytic intermediates produced in the process from renewable feedstock is converted catalytically using simultaneous combination of in-situ occurring reactions. These in-situ occurring reactions are simultaneous combination of hydroconversion, reforming and water gas shift reactions wherein the reaction is performed in the presence of one or more metal sulfides form of metals of Group VI and/or Group IX and/or Group X elements, specifically comprises of one or more active metal combinations such as Co, W, Mo, Ni, P, with Pt, Pd encapsulated inside sodalite cages for prevention against poisoning from sulfur based compounds.

Abstract: In methods of and/or plants for manufacturing cement clinker, the amount of chloride bypass exhaust gas 79 can be substantially decreased, when using previously cooled chloride bypass exhaust gas 81 and/or cooled kiln exhaust gas as coolant for the chloride bypass exhaust gas 39 prior to deducting the chloride bypass exhaust gas 39.

Abstract: A process of fabrication of nanometric lithium transition metal phosphate with the general formula LiMPO4, where M denotes a metal ion or mixture of metal ions from a group comprising Fe, Mn, Co, and Ni, particularly lithium iron (II) phosphate, LiFePO4, by co-precipitation of nanometric powder from a boiling aqueous solution with the addition of organic liquid containing Li+, M2+, PO43? ions which after filtering, washing with water and alcohol, is characterised by the fact that a reducing agent in the amount of 10-100 mol. % in relation to transition metal ions is introduced to the solution containing at least one of the ions selected from a group comprising Li+, M2+, PO43?; and/or a reducing gas mixture is passed through the solution. At least one of the following agents is applied as a reducing agent: potassium iodide, ammonium thiosulphate, glucose, ascorbic acid, tin(II) chloride.

Abstract: Catalytic preparation of hydrogen and aldehyde(s) from alcohols, including bioalcohols, without production of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A improved sol-gel process is described for the production of silica aerogels, in particular from plant raw materials, in particular from rice processing waste.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the flue gas desulfuration field. Specifically, the present invention relates to a supported solid-phase catalyst for oxidizing the by-product magnesium sulfite in a magnesium desulfuration process, and to preparation method and use thereof. The catalyst uses an activated carbon particle as a support, and cobalt nitrate, manganese nitrate, copper nitrate and ferrous nitrate as catalytically active components. The preparation method is as follows: mixing the pre-treated activated carbon support with the catalytically active components, followed by oscillating, standing under microwave irradiation, filtrating, drying, baking, so as to obtain the supported solid-phase catalyst.

Abstract: A process for production of ammonia includes: providing a reaction stream including carbon monoxide and hydrogen; passing the reaction stream and steam over a water gas shift catalyst in a catalytic shift reactor, forming a shifted gas mixture depleted in carbon monoxide and enriched in hydrogen; passing the shifted gas mixture with an oxygen-containing gas over a selective oxidation catalyst at ?175° C., forming a selectively oxidized gas stream with a portion of the carbon monoxide converted to carbon dioxide; removing some of the carbon dioxide from the selectively oxidized gas stream in a carbon dioxide removal unit; passing the carbon dioxide depleted stream over a methanation catalyst in a methanator to form a methanated gas stream, optionally adjusting its hydrogen:nitrogen molar ratio to form an ammonia synthesis gas; and passing the ammonia synthesis gas over an ammonia synthesis catalyst in an ammonia converter to form ammonia.

Abstract: The invention provides a use of metal ferrite oxygen carrier for converting carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide or synthesis gas via three processes: catalytic dry reforming of methane, chemical looping dry reforming of fuel and promoting coal gasification with CO2. The metal ferrite oxygen carrier comprises MzFexOy, where MzFexOy is a chemical composition with 0<x?4, z>0 and 0<y?6 and M is one of Ca, Ba, and/or combinations thereof. For example, MzFexOy may be one of CaFe2O4, BaFe2O4, MgFe2O4, SrFe2O4 and/or combinations thereof. In catalytic dry reforming, methane and carbon dioxide react in the presence of metal ferrites generating a product stream comprising at least 50 vol. % CO and H2. In another embodiment, chemical looping dry reforming process where metal ferrite is reduced with a fuel and then oxidized with carbon dioxide is used for production of CO from carbon dioxide. In another embodiment, the metal ferrite is used as a promoter to produce CO continuously from coal gasification with CO2.

Abstract: A process for producing and purifying a synthesis gas stream that contains CO- and H2-produced from a hydrocarbon-containing feed in a gas production unit. CO2 is separated from the synthesis gas stream and CO is cryogenically separated from the synthesis gas stream. CO2 that makes up 5% to 30% by volume in the synthesis is reduced to less than 10 ppm by volume by temperature swing adsorption. The temperature swing adsorption takes place upstream of the cryogenic separation of CO. The CO2 is adsorbed using a disordered adsorbent bed wherein the adsorbent is cooled by means of indirect heat transfer from the adsorbent to the heat transfer medium during adsorption and the adsorbent loaded with CO2 is heated by indirect heat transfer from the heat transfer medium to the adsorbent to effect desorption of CO2.

Abstract: An energy carrier system is provided that produces ammonia with high efficiency and that further produces hydrogen as final product and uses the hydrogen as energy. An energy storage transportation method is further provided that is carried out by using energy carrier system. The energy carrier system includes nitric acid production device, an ammonia production device, and hydrogen production device. The nitric acid production device includes a photo-reactor, a gas supply unit that supplies photo-reactor with gas to be treated containing a nitrogen oxide, water, and oxygen, and light source disposed in the photo-reactor. The light source radiates light including ultraviolet of a wavelength shorter than 175 nm. The energy storage transportation method includes nitric acid production step of producing nitric acid from a nitrogen oxide, ammonia production step of producing ammonia through reduction of nitric acid, and hydrogen production step of producing hydrogen through decomposition of the ammonia.

Abstract: It is an object to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst for a lean burn engine having sufficient NOx purification performance. The exhaust gas purification catalyst for a lean burn engine according to the present invention has a catalyst component including noble metal and ceria supported on a three-dimensional structure. In the whole catalyst, the supported amount of ceria per 1 L of catalyst is 140 to 300 g/L, and in the whole catalyst, is 50 to 98% by mass with respect to the whole coated amount. Furthermore, it is characterized that 50% by mass or more of ceria is included in the same catalyst layer in which noble metal is included, and the amount of noble metal included in the catalyst layer is 0.1% by mass or more with respect to the amount of ceria included in the catalyst layer.

Abstract: A catalyzed soot filter, in particular for the treatment of Diesel engine exhaust, comprises a coating design which ensures soot particulates filtration, assists the oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO), and produces low H2S emissions during normal engine operations and regeneration events.