Abstract: The invention provides a polyester containing recurring units having the structure ##STR1## which is especially useful as a binder in a triarylamine-containing charge-transport layer of an electrophotographic element.

Abstract: Polyester and polyester carbonates corresponding to the following formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.4, o to r, n, a and b and also X.sup.1 and Y.sup.1 are as defined in the specification,may be obtained by interfacial condensation from bisphenols corresponding to the following formula. ##STR2## aromatic dicarboxylic acid chlorides corresponding to the following formula ##STR3## and phosgene. The new polyesters and polyester carbonates combine outstanding heat resistance and light stability. They may be used both as thermoplastic materials as such or as constituents of polymer blends or even as UV (light) stabilizers or as UV (light)-stabilizing coatings. Accordingly, they have degrees of polycondensation n in the range from 2 to 100.

Abstract: In a first embodiment, arylene sulfide resins are provided by contacting, in a polymerization mixture, during a polymerization process, reactants comprising: an alkali metal sulfide, an organic amide, an alkali metal carboxylate, water and a monomer source which comprises at least one dihaloaromatic compound. The amount of alkali metal carboxylate present during the polymerization process ranges from about 0.01 to about 0.03 mole per each mole of sulfur present in the resulting arylene sulfide resin. The total amount of water present during the polymerization process ranges from about 1.02 to about 2.1 moles per each mole of sulfur present in the resulting arylene sulfide resin.

Abstract: This invention relates to making an arylene sulfide ketone polymer. In accordance with this invention, a diahloaromatic ketone, a polar organic compound, and an alkali metal sulfide are mixed together to form a first reaction mixture. This first reaction mixture is subjected to a first set of polymerization conditions effective to produce a polymerization mixture. This polymerization mixture is then dehydrated to form a dehydrated polymerization mixture. Additional dihaloaromatic ketone and polar organic compound is then mixed with the dehydrated polymerization mixture to form a second reaction mixture. This second reaction mixture is then subjected to a second set of polymerization conditions such that an arylene sulfide ketone polymer is formed.

Abstract: Thermoplastic polyarylate compositions suitable for molding are formed from isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid or mixtures thereof, a bisphenolic compound such as bisphenol A and from about 5 to 10 mole % relative to the monomeric charge of 2-hydroxy-6-naphthoic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aromatic amine resin comprising a mixture of aromatic amine compounds represented by the following general formula (a): ##STR1## wherein A represents a phenylene, alkyl-substituted phenylene, diphenylene, diphenyl ether or naphthylenyl group, R.sup.1 represents a halogen atom or a hydroxyl C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or C.sub.1-5 alkyl group, l is 1 or 2, m is 0, 1, 2 or 3, n is an integer from 0 to 300 and when m is 2 or 3, the R.sup.1 group may be same or different and may join to form a 5- or 6-membered alicyclic moiety which may optionally contain one or more side chains, and also relates to processes for producing the same and a thermosetting composition containing the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing polyesters of dimethyl terephthalate with 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol using a catalyst comprising a titanium alkoxide and an alkaline earth metal salt.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of derivatives of materials containing an imide group conjugated to an aromatic moiety to form an ester, a thioester, an amide, a ketone, and silylesters. Electrons are supplied to redox sites to form a reduced imide material. The reduced imide material is contacted with a nucleophile which opens the imide ring of the reduced imide and chemically combines with a carbonyl carbon atom of the open imide ring to form an imide derivative.

Abstract: Thermoplastics containing imide groups in the polymer backbone, soluble in an unmodified state, are rendered reactive with thermosetting resins by partial conversion of the polymer backbone to provide reactive groups. The modified polymer may be added as microspheres to a thermosetting resin, subsequently crosslinking therewith supressing solvent sensitivity in a fiber reinforced matrix composite comprising the toughened resin as the matrix therefore. The modified polymer microspheres retain their physical identity in the cured composite structure.

Abstract: Described are polyphosphazenes which may be represented by the general formula ##STR1## in which R is a hydroxy-substituted or protected hydroxy-substituted saturated aliphatic group, R' is a hydrocarbyl group, R" is a residue of an alpha amino acid, n is from about 50 to about 25,000, and x is a number averaging from 0.05 to 1.00 per repeating unit and y is a number averaging from 0.95 to 0.00 per repeating unit so that per repeating unit the sum of x and y is 1. Removal of the protecting group in the R moiety renders the polymers water soluble. The polymers have a controllable set of properties including degree of hydrolytic stability, permeability, hydrophilicity, and bioacceptability. They may be used in the production of hydrogels for drug release systems, plasma extenders, and biomedical implants.

Abstract: Sintered bodies made of aromatic polyesters prepared from diphenols, such as 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl-1-phenylethane or 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene, and halides of phthalic acid which have one or more glass transition temperatures in the range of 220.degree.-400.degree. C. and tensile strengths higher than 40 N/mm.sup.2, and advantageously higher than 60 N/mm.sup.2 are disclosed. To make the sintered bodies, polyester powder is exposed to high pressure within a closed mold and the temperature of the polyester powder is slowly increased by heating until a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature is reached, whereafter the polyester is slowly cooled. During the sintering process the polyester is crosslinked which results in an increased resistance against solvents. The sintered bodies of the invention are used in general as semi-finished products or preformed parts, which will be transformed to bodies with required shapes through subsequent machining.

Abstract: Phosphazene polymers having the units ##STR1## wherein the total number of units ranges from about 3 to about 50,000, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are different and are C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 linear or branched alkyl, C.sub.2 to C.sub.15 linear or branched fluoroalkyl or mixtures thereof, and R.sub.3 is phenyl substituted with C.sub.1 to C.sub.12 linear or branched alkyl. The polymers can be cured with peroxides to yield cross-linked materials having enhanced elongation.

Abstract: The synthesis of the first examples of a new class of inorganic macromolecules, the polythiophosphazenes, is reported. When heated at 90.degree. C., the cyclothiophosphazene N.sub.3 P.sub.2 SCl.sub.5 undergoes ring-opening polymerization to yield the high polymeric polythiophosphazene [N.sub.3 P.sub.2 SCl.sub.5 ].sub.n. The latter functions as a reactive macromolecular intermediate and undergoes halogen replacement with sodium phenoxide and sodium o-phenylphenoxide to afford the polymers [N.sub.3 P.sub.2 S(OPh).sub.5 ].sub.n and [N.sub.3 P.sub.2 S(OC.sub.6 H.sub.4 Ph--o).sub.3.25 Cl.sub.1.75 ].sub.n, respectively.

Abstract: Disclosed are rigid fluorinated monomers, their preparation, and polymers derived therefrom based on two novel tricyclic xanthene core systems, 9,9-bis(perfluoroalkyl)xanthene (I) and 9-phenyl-9-perfluoroalkylxanthene (II). The monomers have utility in the preparation of advanced high-performance polymers, particularly polyimides.

Abstract: This invention relates to no-bake foundry binders and a no-bake process for preparing foundry shapes which utilizes polyurethane-forming foundry binders. The binders are unique because the isocyanate component preferably contains no solvent and the weight ratio of the phenolic resin component to isocyanate component is atypical. It has been found that the use of these binders in a no-bake process produces foundry shapes with improved tensile strengths.

Abstract: Compositions comprising normally solid, water-soluble divalent metal salts of partially sulfonated novolak resins are provided. These divalent salts of partially sulfonated novolak resins ae useful for imparting to fibrous polyamide materials stain resistance to natural and synthetic acid colorants. Also provided are methods of preparing these resins, methods of treating fibrous polyamide materials with these resins, and fibrous polyamide materials so treated.

Abstract: An aromatic polyglycidyl polyether resin having an average of 1.5 to 4.5 epoxy groups and 0.1 to 18 primary or secondary --OR groups per molecule, wherein from 5 to 95% of the --OR groups have the general formula --O--CH.sub.2 --CHOH--CH.sub.2 --O--C(O)--R', in which R' is a branched C.sub.4-17 alkyl group, the remainder of the --OR groups being hydroxyl groups, and a process for preparing the same wherein an epoxy compound (A) is reacted with one or more hydroxyl groups contained in a polyglycidyl polyether (B) of a polyhydric aromatic compound in the presence of an etherification catalyst (C), in which (A) is a glycidylester of a C.sub.5-18 branched aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, (B) is a polyglycidyl polyether having on average of from 1.5 to 4.5 epoxy groups and of form 0.1 to 18 primary or secondary hydroxyl groups per molecule, and (C) is a tin, zinc or iron compound.

Abstract: Modified novolaks based on phenols which are trifunctional with respect to formaldehyde and contain, as modifying components, terpenes and unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives of these compounds, the weight ratio between the terpenes and the unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof being in the range from 98.5:2.5 to 2.5:98.5 and the weight ratio between the phenolic component and the sum of the modified components being in the range from 95:5 to 5:95 and the modified novolaks having a melting point greater than 45.degree. C.Process for the preparation of the modified novolaks by admixing the modifying components indicated with non-modified novolaks in the necessary amounts at temperatures between 80.degree. and 300.degree. C.Use of the modified novolaks as reinforcing resins for rubber and elastomers, as tackifying agents for rubber, as binders for friction linings, curable molding compositions, impregnants, coatings, paints and binders for finely divided inorganic substrates.

Abstract: Cationic modification products of novolaks which contain bridging bonds, originating from at least bifunctional epoxide compounds, between the phenolic hydroxyl groups of the starting novolak and the nitrogen atoms of an originally secondary or primary amine and if appropriate additional bridging bonds between phenolic hydroxyl groups and/or between the nitrogen atoms of the amine, it being possible for the amine additionally to carry tertiary amino groups, the nitrogen content in the cationic modification product being between 0.02 and 6% by weight and the weight content of bridging bonds of epoxide compounds being between 1 and 70% by weight, in each case based on the cationically modified novolak.Process for the preparation of the cationically modified novolaks from the starting novolak, epoxide compound and amine, which are reacted with one another at temperatures between 60.degree. and 200.degree. C., if appropriate in the presence of solvents.

Abstract: A polyester having dithiocarbamate group at its termini represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein, in preferred embodiments, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are ethyl, R.sup.3 is ##STR2## R.sup.4 is --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, and R.sup.5 is ##STR3## The dithiocarbamate groups in the polymer can easily be dissociated upon irradiation with UV to produce polymeric free radicals, which can initiate an ethylenically unsaturated monomer to form a block copolymer of a molecular structure of ABA where B indicates a block corresponding to the polyester and A indicates a block of the monomer polymerized.