Abstract: A method for the epoxidation of an olefin comprising reacting a feed gas composition containing an olefin, oxygen, and a halocarbon moderator having a first moderator concentration M1 in the presence of an epoxidation catalyst at a first temperature T1; increasing the first temperature to a second temperature T2; and increasing the first moderator concentration to a second moderator concentration M2, wherein the second moderator concentration is defined by: M2=M1(1+r)T2?T1 wherein the temperature has the units of degrees Celsius, and r is a constant factor which is in the range of from 0.001% to 100%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an alicyclic diepoxy compound at a higher yield by carrying out epoxidation of an alicyclic olefin compound at a higher reaction rate. The method is a method for producing an alicyclic diepoxy compound represented by formula (1) below by reacting an alicyclic olefin compound represented by formula (2) below with hydrogen peroxide in the coexistence of the alicyclic olefin compound represented by formula (2) below, a hydrogen peroxide solution, a powdered solid catalyst support and a powdered solid catalyst all together: wherein R1 to R12 are each hydrogen, halogen, an alkyl group optionally having halogen or an alkoxy group optionally having a substituent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a 1,2-epoxide by catalytic oxidation of a terminal olefin with hydrogen peroxide wherein the catalytic oxidation is performed in a biphasic system comprising an organic phase and an aqueous reaction medium, wherein a water-soluble manganese complex is used as oxidation catalyst, wherein a terminal olefin is used with a solubility at 20° C. of at least 0.01 to 100 g in 1 liter water, and wherein the molar ratio of terminal olefin to hydrogen peroxide is in the range of from 1:0.1 to 1:2.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing glycidol by successive catalytic reactions. The method includes a series of reactions for the preparation of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and the decarboxylation of the glycerol carbonate. Specifically, the method includes i) reacting glycerol with a dialkyl carbonate to prepare glycerol carbonate, and ii) subjecting the glycerol carbonate to decarboxylation wherein a base is added as a catalyst in step i) and is allowed to react with an acid to form a metal salt after step i), and the salt is used as a catalyst in step ii). According to the method, inexpensive and easy-to-purchase acid and base catalysts can be used to produce glycidol from glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production, as a starting material in high yield with high selectivity in a convenient, simple, and environmentally friendly way. In addition, the method eliminates the need to separate the base catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a process for obtaining standardized extracts of methylxanthine derivatives from cakes of plants of the genus Theobroma such as cacoa and cupuaçu for use in a composition having potential anti-celullite lipolytic activity.

Abstract: A method for producing a composition containing fucoxanthin includes a first step of adding a water-soluble solvent containing 0 to 80% by weight of water to seaweed to obtain a seaweed component extract, and then adding water and/or a water-soluble solvent to the seaweed component extract in such a manner that the concentration of the water-soluble solvent is 20 to 45% by weight and also adding a diluent thereto to obtain a diluent-containing extract, and a second step of stirring the diluent-containing extract, and then collecting a substance aggregating into the diluent-containing extract as a composition containing fucoxanthin by separation.

Abstract: A method is provided for carrying out epoxidation of an olefin compound with good productivity. The method produces an epoxy compound by reacting a compound having a carbon-carbon double bond with hydrogen peroxide by carrying out repeatedly or continuously the following steps: (1) reacting a compound having a carbon-carbon double bond with hydrogen peroxide in the coexistence of (a) the compound having a carbon-carbon double bond, (b) a hydrogen peroxide solution, (c) a powdered solid catalyst support, and (d) a powdered solid catalyst, and optionally further (e) an organic solvent to produce an epoxy compound; (2) separating the epoxy compound reaction product from the reaction mixture produced in (1); and (3) adding (d) and also adding (a), (b), (c), and optionally further (e) to the mixture of the powdered solid catalyst support and powdered solid catalyst after separating the reaction product in (2).

Abstract: A novel method for producing a stereoselective epoxyketone compound is provided. A method for producing an epoxyketone compound represented by the formula (1), as represented by the following scheme, whereby it is possible to obtain an epoxyketone derivative in good yield and at high selectivity and to provide an industrially useful production method and an intermediate thereof. wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, an aromatic group which may have a substituent, or a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, and R2 is a protective group for an amino group. R is a hydrogen atom or a C1-10 alkyl group, and R's may be the same or different, provided that at least one R is a C1-10 alkyl group.

Abstract: Methods of reducing or maintaining the value of an alkylene oxide production parameter (such as alkylene oxide production rate) in a process of making an alkylene oxide by reacting an alkylene and oxygen over a high efficiency catalyst are shown and described. One method comprises reducing the concentration of oxygen in the reactor feed gas to reduce or maintain the value of the alkylene oxide production parameter.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparation of Ag—W oxide catalyst for the direct and selective conversion of propylene to propylene oxide. The process provides a direct single step selective vapor phase oxidation of propylene to propylene oxide using molecular oxygen over Ag—W oxide catalysts. The process provides propylene conversion of 10-50% and selectivity for propylene oxide up to 100%.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for making retinoids. Also described herein are retinoids and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: There is provided a process for manipulating the amount of alkyl alcohol in a product stream, e.g., such as an alkylene oxide product stream. More particularly, and in contrast to conventional processes wherein substantially all of the alkyl alcohol must be separated and desirably recycled, in the present process, a greater amount of alkyl alcohol may be allowed to remain in a partially refined alkylene oxide product stream. The residual alkyl alcohol is subsequently substantially entirely reacted to form a downstream product, e.g., a glycol ether, which is more easily separated from the alkylene oxide product stream. Indeed, the amount of alkyl alcohol in the partially refined alkylene oxide product stream can be selected based upon the output of glycol ethers, if desired.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preventing, alleviating and/or treating depression, comprising the step of administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a 7-alkoxy fangchinoline compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof.

Abstract: Continuous flow systems and methods produce succinic anhydride by a double carbonylation of ethylene oxide with carbon monoxide and at least one catalyst. In some embodiments, the double carbonylation occurs using a single catalyst. In other embodiments, a first catalyst is used to promote the first carbonylation, and a second catalyst different from the first catalyst is used to promote the second carbonylation. The succinic anhydride is isolated from the product stream by crystallization and the catalyst is recycled to the reaction stream.

Abstract: A compound for controlling blood glucose level has a structure shown in Formula I: wherein R5-R8 are as defined herein. A method for controlling blood glucose level includes administering to a subject in need thereof a compound of Formula I. The method further includes administering to the subject a GLP-1 receptor ligand. The compound and the GLP-1 receptor ligand may be administered together. The compound may be Galanal A or Galanal B. The GLP-1 receptor ligand may be GLP-1 or exendin-4.

Abstract: Fluorinated prodrug compounds as can be used for selective streptococcal mevalonate pathway inhibition.

Abstract: A separating agent for chromatography is provided that is useful for the separation of specific compounds, e.g., for the optical resolution of amino acids. This separating agent for chromatography provides a higher productivity and contains a crown ether-like cyclic structure and optically active binaphthyl. This separating agent for chromatography containing a crown ether-like cyclic structure and optically active binaphthyl is provided by introducing a substitution group for binding to a carrier into a specific commercially available 1,1?-binaphthyl derivative that has substituents at the 2, 2?, 3, and 3? positions, then introducing a crown ether-like cyclic structure, and subsequently chemically bonding the binaphthyl derivative to the carrier through the substitution group for binding to the carrier.

Abstract: Processes are provided for the formation of an epoxyethyl ether or a glycidyl ether. In one embodiment, a process is provided for the manufacture of an epoxyethyl ether or glycidyl ether including reacting a vinyl ether or an allyl ether with an oxidant in the presence of a water-soluble manganese complex in an aqueous reaction medium, wherein the water-soluble manganese complex comprises an oxidation catalyst, characterized in that the water-soluble manganese complex is a mononuclear complex of the general formula (I): [LMnX3]Y (I), or a binuclear complex of the general formula (II): [LMn(?-X)3MnL](Y)n (II), wherein Mn is a manganese; L or each L independently is a polydentate ligand, each X independently is a coordinating species and each ?-X independently is a bridging coordinating species, Y is a non-coordinating counter ion, and wherein the epoxidation is carried out at a pH in the range of from 1.0 to 6.0. The invention also relates to epoxyethyl ethers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds having general formula (I), i.e. poly-alkyl-bis-maltolic molecules and in particular to derivates of [(3-hydroxy-4-pyron-2-yl)methyl]-amine and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and to the use thereof as anti-neoplastic drugs, in particular, for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of neoplastic diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of making fused ring compounds, such as indeno-fused naphthols, and fused ring indenopyran compounds, such as indeno-fused naphthopyrans, that each employ an unsaturated compound represented by the following Formula II. Referring to the unsaturated compound of Formula II: Ring-A can be selected from optionally substituted aryl (e.g., phenyl); m can be, for example, from 0 to 4; R1 for each m can be selected from optionally substituted hydrocarbyl (e.g., C1-C6 alkyl) optionally interrupted with at least one linking group (e.g., —O—); and R3 and R16 can each be independently selected from, for example, hydrogen or optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, such as C1-C8 alkyl. When Ring-A is a phenyl group, the unsaturated compound represented by Formula II can be referred to as an unsaturated indanone acid/ester compound, or an indenone acid/ester compound (depending on whether R16 is hydrogen, or an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group).