Abstract: An aqueous sol of colloidal particles of tungstic oxide (WO.sub.3)-stannic oxide (SnO.sub.2) composite having a particle size of from 2 to 7 millimicrons is prepared by blending an aqueous solution of tungstic acid and an aqueous solution of an stannate in a weight ratio of from 0.5 to 100 as WO.sub.3 /SnO.sub.2. Where the WO.sub.3 -SnO.sub.2 composite sol in an amount of from 2 to 100 parts by weight as the total of WO.sub.3 and SnO.sub.2 is blended with a sol of a 3- to 5 valent metal oxide having a particle size of from 4 to 50 millimicrons in an amount of 100 parts by weight as the metal oxide, a modified metal oxide sol of colloidal particles having a size of 4.5 to 60 millimicrons as surface-coated with the tungstic oxide (WO.sub.3)-stannic oxide (SnO.sub.5) composite colloidal particles is prepared.

Abstract: A system for removing paint, varnish and the like which comprises: a stripper composition including an aliphatic dibasic acid ester, N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, and an ingredient selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether and a combination thereof. The composition may include propylene glycol and an acrylic polymer (or latex paint), either acetic acid or monoethanolamine, a surfactant and a thickening agent. In addition, the system includes an extender. The system may further include a laminated cover which comprises paper coated with polyethylene or wax.

Abstract: A battery cleaning system and process are provided, that make it possible to clean high capacity (12 to 72) volt acid storage batteries using appropriate cleaning solutions and liquids while recovering, cleaning and recycling the washing waste liquids, and minimizing the volume of liquid that has to be discarded.

Abstract: A method for selectively separating benzene from gasoline boiling range streams by first passing the stream to an adsorption zone comprised of an adsorbent capable of selectively adsorbing benzene from the stream. A substantially benzene-free stream results and the adsorbent is regenerated by treating it with a desorbent solvent capable of desorbing benzene from the solid adsorbent.

Abstract: In on form, a TEOS based spin-on-glass is made having on the order of 10% to 25% by volume of tetraethylorthosilicate, the equivalent of on the order of 0.1% to 3.0% by volume of 70% concentrated nitric acid, on the order of 60% to 90% by volume of alcohol, and the balance water. The spin-on-glass is applied to a semiconductor substrate and heated in order to densify the spin-on-glass.

Abstract: A method for removing harmful microorganisms from an air conditioning system and for treating said system so that the microorganisms do not return to the system after the cleaning. The first step of the method includes a thorough mechanical cleaning of the system, including the step of removing loose dust and debris with a vacuum cleaner or any vacuum method. The mechanical cleaning is followed by a chemical cleaning. Isopropyl alcohol or any like substance is the preferred chemical cleaning agent because it acts as a microbiocide. A long-term microbiocide is also applied to the cleaned surfaces. An adhesive is then applied to the cleaned surfaces, and a liner of plastic or foil is placed in overlying relation to the cleaned surfaces to hold any loose insulation that might be present and to provide the system with low particulate buildup in the future and to prevent the return of the microorganisms. This lining will also provide a surface easily cleaned in the future.

Abstract: The iron content of the TiO.sub.2 -containing precursor is subjected to a direct reduction to effect a metallization of at least 90%. The reduced product is separated into magnetic and nonmagnetic fractions by magnetic separation. To oxidize the metallic iron, the magnetic fraction is subjected to an oxidation in an acid medium with agitation at a pH value below 2, under a pressure of 12 to 24 bars, and at a temperature from 150.degree. to 210.degree. C. with a supply of an oxygen-containing gas that contains at least 90% oxygen. When the suspension has been pressure-relieved, the hematite which has been formed is separated from the TiO.sub.2 concentrate.

Abstract: This invention provides for a process for separating extractable organic material from a feed composition comprising an oil-in-water emulsion comprising a continuous aqueous phase, a discontinuous organic liquid phase comprising said extractable organic material, and solids dispersed in said emulsion, the process comprising the steps of:(I) mixing said feed composition with sufficient shear to convert said feed composition to a water-in-oil emulsion; and(II) contacting said water-in-oil emulsion with at least one organic solvent, said organic solvent being capable of forming with said emulsion a system comprising at least two phases and being capable of dissolving at least about ten parts of said extractable organic material per million parts of said organic solvent at the temperature wherein at least about 50% by weight of said solvent boils at atmospheric pressure; forming a system comprising at least two phases, one of said phases being an emulsion phase comprising said emulsion and the other of said phase

Abstract: An apparatus for inserting pigs for the cleaning, purging and dewatering of hydrocarbon conveying pipelines and the like and more particularly to an improved pig launcher or loader for loading a pig into a variety of configuration pipelines. The present invention teaches a portable device configured to affix to various configuration pipes via a unique configured flange coupling system, which adapts to the flange connections for various diameter pipes. The present invention also utilizes a compressed air system for loading the pig into the pipeline, and an automatic system for venting the charged pig loader once the pig has passed from the loader into the pipeline. The present invention teaches a device configured for the loading of several pigs simultaneously, and is not limited to the loading of a single pig at a time. Further, the present apparatus loads the pig(s) well into the pipeline, allowing for less problems during the cutting and welding process.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for fluidized catalytic cracking of heavy oils are disclosed. Quenching and cyclone separation are done in the transfer line to the main distillation column. Quenching hot vapor from the reactor, preferably with liquid recycled from the main column, improves yields, prevents coking in the transfer line and permits higher cracking reactor temperatures. Cyclone separation of quench and/or condensed liquid prevents slugging, or two phase flow, in the transfer line. Some rough-cut fractionation can be achieved in the cyclone separator. Steam stripping of cyclone liquid optimizes operation of the main column.

Abstract: Method for solubilizing tellurium over a wide pH range which uses a cyclodextrin as the solubilizing agent, and resulting compositions containing soluble tellurium.

Abstract: A process of, and apparatus for, washing fragments, such as plastic fragments, in a continuous fashion as part of a recycling operation. The plastic fragments are fed into an axially rotating perforated tube, wherein a stationary washing and rinsing spray header are mounted therethrough for spraying the plastic fragments revolving with the tube. Wash and rinse water pass through the perforations, carrying with the water residue and unwanted particles. The wash water, rinse water and unwanted particles pass into a trough arranged below the revolving tube which collects the water and residue and transports same to either a screen separator in the case of the wash water, or a holding tank in the case of the rinse water. Auxiliary systems are disclosed for using recycled wash water and recycled rinse water for the process. A drying system which receives the plastic fragments from the washing apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing fine size molybdenum trioxide powder which involves heating ammonium dimolybdate in ambient atmosphere at a temperature of from about 455.degree. C. to about 465.degree. C. for a time of from about 5 hours to about 6 hours to produce a first molybdenum trioxide which is granulated to about -10 mesh and then heated in a furnace in which there are three heating zones. The first molybdenum trioxide is heated in the first heating zone at a temperature of from about 550.degree. C. to about 590.degree. C., in the second heating zone at a temperature of from about 580.degree. C. to about 610.degree. C. and thereafter in the third heating zone at a temperature of from about 580.degree. C. to about 625.degree. C., with the feed rate of material in the three zones being from about 1.5 to about 3.0 kg/hr to produce a yellow molybdenum trioxide. The yellow molybdenum trioxide is then cooled and granulated to about -40 mesh.

Abstract: Glyoxylic acid/alkylphenol derivatives of polyalkenylsuccinimides are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude and gas oil distillates during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A unique cleaning method and structure is disclosed which pulses pressurized fluid into a vessel. The pulses clean internal surfaces within the vessel. The internal surfaces may include the internal surfaces of the vessel, or may include items to be cleaned which are placed within the vessel. The pulsed fluid preferably cavitates within the vessel, and impacts upon the surfaces to be cleaned, removing impurities such as scale or other buildup. The fluid may then be directed downstream and recirculated back through the system. Pulses of fluid are cyclically controlled by a control valve to optimize the amount of cavitation within the vessel.

Abstract: A process for the dissolution of polyurethane foams is disclosed. A polyurethane foam may be dissolved, or removed from a substrate, by contacting the polyurethane foam with 1,2-dialkyl imidazole, alone or as a co-solvent.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for fluidized catalytic cracking of heavy oils is disclosed using a modified high efficiency catalyst regenerator. A fast fluidized bed coke combustor, which is essentially free of gas/catalyst separation means, partially regenerates catalyst and discharges a steam laden flue gas and catalyst into a dilute phase transport riser. Closed cyclones separate catalyst from steam laden flue gas exiting the transport riser outlet. This flue gas is isolated from a second fluidized bed of catalyst maintained in a vessel containing the transport riser and closed cyclones. Coke combustion in the drier region of the second fluidized bed is possible. Catalyst deactivates less in the second fluidized bed because it is drier.

Abstract: In accordance with this invention, a method is provided for decreasing hydrogen sulfide atmosphere, over sour heavy fuel oils to a predetermined acceptable level, which comprises treating such fuel oil with an effective amount of a choline base at a temperature above the decomposition temperature of the choline base. Surprisingly, this is effective to treat sour heavy fuel oils having atmospheric hydrogen sulfide content exceeding 5,000 ppm.

Abstract: Reaction products of (a) polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride; (b) secondary, aromatic amines, and (c) hindererd alcohols are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oils and gas oils, during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures. The reaction products are formed via a two-step reaction in which the polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride is reacted with the secondary, aromatic amine as a first step. The resulting polyalkenylsuccinimide is then reacted with a hindererd alcohol to form the desired antifoulant.

Abstract: Described is a process for utilizing an electric AC signal of a frequency preferably between 0.1 kHz and 1 GHz to modify and otherwise enhance the properties of deionized water used for the purpose of cleaning semiconductor wafers and computer storage disks before, during and after processing. Such treatment of the cleaning water enhances its ability to remove process chemicals, remove particulates, and otherwise improve the speed and economy of the cleaning process thereby directly improving the final yield of the chip or disk making process.