Abstract: An electrode for electric survey includes a first electrode rod having a tip portion at one end thereof; and a second electrode rod connected to a side surface of the first electrode rod. The second electrode rod is formed at one end thereof with a removing/hook portion perpendicularly connected to the side surface of the first electrode rod, and at the other end thereof with a wire connecting portion for connection with an electric wire, and has a bent portion between the removing/hook portion and the wire connecting portion. The electrode allows convenient connection of electric wires, ensures good contact with the electric wires so as to prevent easy separation of electric wires therefrom, can reduce a time for installation and removal of the electrode and measurement error, and does not necessitate use of electrical tape in installation of the electrode to thereby reduce environmental contamination due to waste tape.

Abstract: A wiring board 3 according to the present invention includes a first resin layer 18a formed of a thermoplastic resin; a conductive layer 16 formed partially on the first resin layer 18a; a through hole P for insertion of a screw formed in a region where the conductive layer 16 is not formed and penetrating through the first resin layer 18a in a thickness direction thereof; and a dummy via hole D formed in a region between the through hole P and the conductive layer 16 and penetrating through the first resin layer 18a.

Abstract: Systems and methods for perturbation analysis of harmonic oscillations in the time domain according to several embodiments can include a time domain switching sensor and a resonator for imposing a first oscillation and a second oscillation on the sensor. The first and second oscillations can have the same amplitude A and period P, but can have a known phase shift. The sensor can use a time interval, which can be defined by the time between when the sensor passes a reference point due to motion caused by the first oscillation and when the sensor passes the same reference point, but due to motion caused by the second oscillation. With this configuration an improved accuracy of measurement for the system can be realized.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed for measuring a specified parameter in a phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer (PLL). In one embodiment, the method comprises introducing multiple phase errors in the PLL, measuring a specified aspect of the introduced phase errors, and determining a value for the specified parameter using the measured aspects of the introduced phase errors. In one embodiment, the phase errors are introduced repetitively in the PLL, and these phase errors produce a modified phase difference between the reference signal and the feedback signal in the PPL. In one embodiment, crossover times, when this modified phase difference crosses over a preset value, are determined, and these crossover times are used to determine the value for the specified parameter. In an embodiment, the parameter is calculated as a mathematical function of the crossover times. The parameter may be, for example, the bandwidth of the PLL.

Abstract: In accordance with the teachings described herein, systems and methods are provided for counting sharps returned to a container. An example method of counting sharps returned to a container having at least two layers of penetrable conductive material includes periodically checking a plurality of circuits formed by the first and second layers of material to determine if each circuit is open or closed, and keeping a count of the number of closed circuits.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for reducing electromagnetic noise pick up in a Liquid Metal Cleanliness Analyzer (LiMCA), used to detect and measure particles in molten metal. A first electrode inserted in the molten metal is electrically insulated from second and third electrodes, also inserted in the molten metal. Molten metal and particles pass between the first electrode and the second and third electrodes through a passage in the electrical insulation. The second and third electrodes have a configuration with respect to the first electrode sufficient to establish symmetrical current loops between the first electrode and the second and third electrodes when a current is supplied to the second and third electrodes. The current is supplied from an ultra-capacitor. Electromagnetic noise in the symmetrical current loops is detected and is added in opposition to reduce the amplitude of the electromagnetic noise.

Abstract: A steerable or non-steerable, magnetic dipole antenna for Measurement-While-Drilling (MWD) or Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) applications. The antenna elements use a hole arrangement in addition to grooves in a steel tool body, which is typically a drill collar. This antenna embodiment is extremely robust, meaning that does not significantly reduce the structural integrity of the tool body in which it is disposed. The antenna embodiment is also relatively wear resistant. The resultant magnetic dipole generated by this antenna is also electrically steerable in inclination angle from a common origin. A variable dipole moment inclination angle combined with independently measured tool rotation orientation during normal drilling allows the antenna to generate a magnetic dipole moment that may be directed at any three dimensional angle and from a common origin point at the centroid of the antenna. The antenna can also be embodied to be more sensitive to resistivity in a particular azimuthal direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for indicating an electric discharge in a non-conducting medium (22) between a rolling element (20) and a raceway (16, 18) in a bearing (12) of an electric drive system (10). The method comprises: remotely detecting radio frequency signals emitted from the electric drive system, which signals comprise a radio frequency signal associated with an electrical discharge in the non-conducting medium, processing the detected radio frequency signals to estimate the electric discharge, and indicating the estimated electric discharge. The present invention also relates to a corresponding device (30, 50, 70, 90) for indicating an electric discharge in a non-conducting medium between a rolling element and a raceway in a bearing of an electric drive system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a probe which stably transmits a test signal. The probe electrically connects a semiconductor device and a tester for testing the semiconductor device. The probe may include an upper plunger which is configured to be electrically connected to the semiconductor device; a lower plunger which is configured to be electrically connected to the tester; an elastic member which is disposed between the upper plunger and the lower plunger, and elastically biases the upper and lower plungers to have them spaced from each other; a conductive member which is disposed in an inside or outside of the elastic member and electrically connects the upper plunger and the lower plunger; and a barrel which accommodates therein the upper plunger, the lower plunger, the elastic member and the conductive member.

Abstract: An optical biosensor is provided for detecting a bio-molecular sample by Goos-Hänchen (GH) enhancement of Aharonov-Albert-Vaidman (AAV) amplification to a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detector. The sensor includes pre- and post-selection polarizers respectively upstream and downstream of a right-isosceles prism with a metal film and a liquid medium disposed on a diagonal side of the prism. Laser light passes through the first polarizer, reflects at the film, passes through the second polarizer and is detected with a shift determined by a pointer estimator to indicate the sample.

Abstract: In a method for calibration, a piezo-actuator (1) is actuated in a motor vehicle by a control circuit and an output stage. The piezo actuator is, in particular, part of the injection valve. The piezo-actuator (1) is subjected to an electric calibration pulse that is in the high-level signal range thereof when the control circuit and the output stage are in operation, the frequency thereof being modified over time. The associated electric impendence curve over the frequency is determined and evaluated during the calibration pulse. The output stage is controlled by the control circuit in such a manner that the calibration pulse is generated.

Abstract: A corrosion sensor includes an insulating substrate, a thin film of a first metallic material formed on the substrate; and an array of areas what includes a second metallic material provided at the surface of the thin film. A method for manufacturing such a sensor is also disclosed. An exemplary embodiment is disclosed in which the thin film is patterned to define a number of tracks, the resistance of which can be monitored in order to determine the degree to which the thin film has corroded.

Abstract: A time-domain inertial sensor comprising: a support structure having an electrode plane parallel to an x-y plane of an x-y-z mutually orthogonal coordinate system, wherein the support structure's largest dimension lies within the x-y plane; a proof mass having a first surface parallel to the x-y plane; wherein the proof mass is springedly coupled to the support structure such that the first surface is separated from the electrode plane by a gap; a driver configured to drive the proof mass to oscillate with respect to the support structure in approximately only the x-direction such that, while oscillating, the gap does not vary significantly; and a first, time-domain, proximity switch disposed to switch from an open state to a closed state each time the proof mass is in a first reference position with respect to the support structure.

Abstract: A conductivity sensor is described in which electrodes are held in a desired position within a housing of the sensor by a number of slots accurately positioned within the housing. In one embodiment the slots are integrally formed within the housing. Once the electrodes have been inserted into the slots a thermoset resin is poured into the housing and cured. A through bore is then drilled through the housing, the electrodes and the cured resin to form a flow conduit through the sensor. A dual frequency excitation technique is also described that allows a measurement to be obtained of a polarisation resistance of the electrodes. In one embodiment this measurement is stored and used to correct subsequent conductivity measurements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for analyzing the composition of the contents of a container, characterized in that it comprises spectral analysis means of the contents of the container for measuring the absorption of waves by the container and its contents, and means (50) for providing information relative to the nature of the contents of said container (R) as a function of the absorption measuring.

Abstract: A method monitors a change in thickness of a conductive film brought into sliding contact with a polishing surface of a polishing pad using an eddy current sensor. The output signal of the eddy current sensor includes two signals corresponding to a resistance component and an inductive reactance component of an impedance of an electric circuit including a coil of the eddy current sensor.

Abstract: A resistance testing apparatus makes use of a modular design for cascaded, parallel, bipolar current sources to obviate the need for electromechanical or pneumatic switching systems.

Abstract: The electric power metering device comprises a pulse meter to provide an electric pulse or a closing of an electric circuit at each predefined quantity of electric power. A communication module is connected to said pulse meter to send electric power and/or consumed electric power information. Two inputs of the communication module receive the connection with the pulse meter. Said communication module comprises discrimination means connected to the inputs to differentiate power pulse information and status information of an electric apparatus connected to said inputs. The electric power metering method comprises a discrimination step to differentiate power pulse information and status information of an electric apparatus connected to said inputs of the communication module.

Abstract: A device for detecting the state of a switch. The device includes a detection circuit which delivers a signal of specified value (Vpullup) when the value of an electrical quantity (RSw) characterizing the state of the switch is less than a threshold called the lower threshold (Rclosed) and/or a signal of different value when the value of the electrical quantity is greater than a threshold different from the lower threshold, called the upper threshold (Ropen). The disclosed embodiments also concern flight control systems, in which the device is implemented, and the aircraft including the systems.

Abstract: An example test system includes: a pin electronics board for exchanging signals with a device under test (DUT), where the pin electronics board includes first electrical contacts; an interposer between the pin electronics board and a paddle board, where the paddle board includes second electrical contacts, and where the interposer includes electrical connectors for use in establishing electrical pathways between the first electrical contacts and the second electrical contacts; and an actuator configured to force the paddle board and the interposer to make contact so as to cause the electrical connectors to contact the second electrical contacts and thereby establish the electrical pathways.