Abstract: An array substrate for a liquid crystal display device includes a substrate, a gate line and a gate link line on the substrate. The gate link line is extended from the gate line. A data line and a data link line cross over the gate line and the gate link line. The crossing of the data line and the gate line defines a pixel region. The data link line is extended from the data line. A thin film transistor is connected to the gate line and the data line. A dummy pattern is disposed between adjacent data link lines, and a pixel electrode is disposed at the pixel region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a transparent first substrate with a first transparent electrode formed on the surface thereof, a transparent second substrate with a second transparent electrode is formed thereon, and a liquid crystal layer. A light reflecting layer defining the reflective display region and the transmissive display region is formed on each pixel region. A layer-thickness adjusting layer where a region corresponding to the transmissive display region constitutes an opening, is formed on the upper layer side of the light reflecting layer. In the layer-thickness adjusting layer, the boundary portion of the reflective display region and the transmissive display region constitutes an inclined surface, and a light shielding film is two-dimensionally superimposed on this boundary region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display has a gate line structure for serving as a storage electrode and a black matrix and performing a repair function. In the liquid crystal display, a gate dummy pattern is formed in such a manner to be extended in the vertical direction from the gate line and to overlap with the data line and the pixel electrode. The gate dummy pattern branches from the gate line, overlaps the edge of a pixel, serves a storage electrode and a black matrix, and permits repair upon breakage of a data line.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device comprises a front electrode layer, a rear electrode layer, and a liquid crystal material located between the front electrode layer and the rear electrode layer. The electrical potential is changed between the rear electrode layer and the front electrode layer to selectively modify portions of the liquid crystal material to change the polarization of the light incident thereon. A plurality of light sensitive elements located together with the rear electrode layer and a processor that determines at least one of the plurality of light sensitive elements that has been inhibited from sensing ambient light.

Abstract: An optical module has a lever for bending a spring plate possessed by a cage for accommodating a case of the optical module in a direction in which a retaining hole formed through the spring plate comes off a latch formed on the case. The lever has a shaft pivotably supported on the case, a tongue disposed on one side of the shaft, and an actuator disposed on the opposite side of the shaft with respect to the tongue. The lever pivotally moves about the shaft in response to a movement of the tongue toward the case, causing the actuator to press the spring plate to bend in the foregoing direction. A user can readily release the latch by moving the tongue toward the case, and withdraw the optical module from the cage through a simple manipulation of pulling the case out while holding the case and tongue together.

Abstract: Featured is a liquid crystal display device including first and second transparent substrates and a liquid crystal layer interposed there between that includes a plurality of domains in each pixel region. Also included are first and second polarizing plates and first and second phase compensators; the first compensator is provided between the first polarizing plate and first substrate and the second compensator is between the second polarizing plate and second substrate. The phase-delay axes for the first and second compensators are parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to a phase-delay axis of the liquid crystal layer. A third phase difference compensator is provided between the first and/or second polarizing plate and the corresponding first or second compensator.

Abstract: A matrix-addressed type liquid crystal display apparatus having switching devices such as TFTs is provided, featuring that an increased effective voltage can be applied without causing hysteresis in V-T characteristics. Namely, by substantially increasing a value of an applicable voltage in excess of which a display defect starts to appear, a high numerical aperture and a high contrast ratio have been achieved at the same time. In the LCD apparatus of the present invention, a gap between adjacent reverse tilt domains each formed in a portion of a pixel which is arranged corresponding to an arbitrary pixel electrode becomes broader than a minimum gap between adjacent pixel electrodes corresponding thereto, or a thickness of a liquid crystal cell in the portion between adjacent reverse tilt domains is set thinner than a thickness of a liquid crystal cell in the portion of the pixel.

Abstract: A reflective liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate including a display region and a first non-display region, the first non-display region being disposed at a boundary of the display region. A second substrate faces and is spaced apart from the first substrate, the second substrate including a second non-display region corresponding to a portion larger than the first substrate. A light absorption layer is on an inner surface of the first substrate. A cholesteric liquid crystal color filter (CCF) layer is at the display region and the first non-display region is on the light absorption layer. A common electrode is on the CCF layer. An array element is on an inner surface of the second substrate. A light shielding pattern is on the array element, the light shielding pattern corresponding to the CCF layer at the first non-display region. A retardation plate and a polarizing plate are sequentially formed on the outer surface of the second substrate.

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator (300) comprises a substrate (310) made of a material which has an electro-optic effect and a pyroelectric effect. In the substrate (310), an optical waveguide (320) is formed to have at least a pair of optical paths. On the substrate (310) and on the optical waveguide (320), a transparent buffer layer (330) is formed to cover the optical waveguide (320). On the buffer layer (330), first and second electrodes (341, 342) are formed so that the first and the second electrodes (341, 342) are arranged to cause refractive index changes in the pair of optical paths in response to electrical fields surrounding the electro-optic modulator (300). The buffer layer (330) is a mutual diffusion layer. The mutual diffusion layer is made from laminated films comprised of at least one transparent insulator film and at least one transparent conductor film but has no clear boundary between the transparent insulator film and the transparent conductor film.

Abstract: A dispersion flattened non-zero dispersion shifted optical waveguide fiber which includes a central core region surrounded by an outer cladding region, the central core region having an alpha less than 4. The optical fiber has a dispersion at a wavelength of about 1550 nm of between about 4 ps/nm/km and about 8 ps/nm/km, and a dispersion slope of less than 0.025 ps/nm2/km at every wavelength between about 1525 nm and 1650 nm.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device of an IPS system, to realize reduction of manufacturing cost and improvement of yield by decreasing the number of steps for manufacturing a TFT. The present invention adopts a channel etch type bottom gate TFT structure, and is characterized in that patterning of a source region 119 and a drain region 120 and patterning of a source wiring 121 and a pixel electrode 122 are carried out by the same photomask.

Abstract: A color filter substrate for a transflective liquid crystal display device increases a viewing angle and has no color difference in transmissive and reflective modes. A color filter substrate for a transflective liquid crystal display device includes a substrate having a transmissive area and a reflective area; a black matrix on the substrate; a buffer layer on the black matrix, wherein the buffer layer corresponds to the reflective area; a color filter on the buffer layer; and a common electrode on the color filter.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an array substrate for an IPS-LCD device. The IPS-LCD device according to the present invention implements a multi-domain for a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal molecules are aligned in various directions with respect to each different domain. Therefore, the different domains compensate for one another such that a color shift is prevented in spite of wide viewing angles. To form the multi-domain, the present invention provides an array substrate having divided common electrode or pixel electrode or both. In another aspect, to form the multi-domain, the present invention provides an array substrate having multi-bar shaped common and pixel electrodes. Each of the common and pixel electrodes has a transverse portion and a perpendicular portion. The transverse portions of the common and pixel electrodes induce a first domain, whereas the perpendicular potions of the common and pixel electrodes induce a second domain.

Abstract: A novel method based on sequential writing for fabricating of advanced fiber Bragg gratings is disclosed. As opposed to already presented sequential methods, this scheme uses a continuous wave UV laser source and allows for a very precise control and repetitively of the formation of the gratings. Furthermore, one can use high average irradiances without destroying the fiber, resulting in a dramatical shortening of fabricating times for complex gratings.

Abstract: A waveguide type photoreceptor device of the present invention comprises a waveguide 16a disposed on a Fe-doped InP substrate, the waveguide including an n-cladding layer connected to an n-electrode, an n-light guide layer, a light absorption layer, a p-light guide layer, and a p-cladding layer connected to a p-electrode, laminated onto one another over the Fe-doped InP substrate, and the ratio of the layer thickness of the thicker one of the n-light guide layer and the p-light guide layer to that of the thinner one being between 1.3 and 5 both inclusive.

Abstract: A pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer held between the pair of substrates are provided, at least one of the pair of substrates has plural electrodes for applying an electric field approximately parallel to the substrate to the liquid crystal layer, a protecting film for protecting at least one of the plural electrodes and oriented films or the electrodes, and an AC residual image of the oriented film is less than 8% to thereby enable high quality image display upon eliminating display defects caused by the AC residual image.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is made by disposing an STN cell (16) in which nematic liquid crystal (6) having a twist angle in the range from 180° to 270° is filled and sandwiched between a first substrate (1) having a first electrode (3) and a second substrate (2) having a second electrode (4) at the center, providing a retardation film (13) and an absorption-type polarizing film (8) outside the second substrate (2) in order, and providing a reflection-type polarizing film (10) and a light absorbing film (11) outside the first substrate (1) in order. This enables a metallic silver background due to the reflected light by the reflection-type polarizing film (10) and display in black or in color by light passing through the reflection-type polarizing film (10) being absorbed in the light absorbing film (11) or only light of specific color being reflected.

Abstract: The present multi-domain liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates facing each other; a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; a first dielectric frame on one side of the pixel region; a second dielectric frame on another side of the pixel region; and a third dielectric frame between the first dielectric frame and the second dielectric frame.

Abstract: A multi-domain liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates facing each other and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates. A plurality of gate bus lines are arranged in a first direction on the first substrate and a plurality of data bus lines are arranged in a second direction on the first substrate to define a pixel region. A pixel electrode is electrically charged through the data bus line in the pixel region. A dielectric frame is in a region other than a region where the pixel electrode is formed, and distorts electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer. A common electrode is on the second substrate, and an alignment layer is on at least one substrate between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is disclosed. The method comprises filling the space between two facing substrates with a mixture of pre-polymer and liquid crystal material, applying an external source of energy to initiate a polymerization, wherein as the polymerization proceeds a phase separation of the polymer and liquid crystal is generally also proceeding, after initiation of polymerization and before completion thereof, adjusting a parameter that affects one or both of the rates of polymerization and phase separation, so as to produce a variation in the polymerized structure, wherein the variation is a result of the rates of polymerization and phase separation being adjusted during the course of polymerization.