Abstract: A non-alloy steel component is nitrocarburized at 550.degree. to 720.degree. C. for up to 4 hours in a nitriding gaseous atmosphere e.g. ammonia or ammonia and endothermic or exothermic gas, and is thus exposed to air or other oxidizing atmosphere for 2 to 120 seconds to form an oxide-rich layer thereon before being quenched into an oil/water emulsion, degreased and a tack-free wax coating applied. Alternatively, the component may be cooled in air or other oxidizing atmosphere and then wax coated or it may be cooled in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and then reheated to provide the oxide-rich surface layer before being cooled again and wax coated. As a further alternative, the component may be cooled, lapped to a surface roughness of not more than 0.2 micrometers Ra, reheated to oxidize and then quenched. These techniques give a good corrosion resistance to the component.

Abstract: A metal quenchant fluid which is a mixture of water and a polyalkylene glycol and a inhibitor is substantially nitrite free. The inhibitor is a soluble product obtained by mixing a carboxylic acid having 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the molecule, an amine such as an alkanolamine boiling above 150.degree. C. at atmospheric pressure and a copper chelating agent such as NN diethanol methylene benzotriazole.

Abstract: An organic polymer containing composition suitable for use as a quenchant having incorporated therein a non-nitrite inhibitor system, which comprises an aromatic compound having at least one substituent nitro group and/or the water soluble organic or inorganic salt thereof and a hydroxy substituted mono aromatic carboxylic acid and/or the water soluble organic or inorganic salt thereof. In another embodiment a pH adjustment agent capable of providing an initial pH of at least 7.5 is also present.

Abstract: Disclosed is a valve cross head adapted for mechanically translating valve opening impulses from the rocker arm of an internal combustion engine to the valve stem of the internal combustion engine. The cross head has a metal body portion and a ceramic wear pad. The ceramic wear pad includes a chemical vapor deposited transition metal film on the surface thereof whereby to permit adhesion thereof by brazing or soldering between the wear pad and the body portion.

Abstract: This composite material includes reinforcing hybrid fiber mixture material in a matrix of metal which is aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc, lead, tin, or an alloy having these as principal components. The hybrid fiber mixture is a mixture of alumina fiber material and mineral fiber material. The alumina fiber material has principal components of at least about 80% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and remainder substantially SiO.sub.2. And the mineral fiber material has as principal components SiO.sub.2, CaO, and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, the content of MgO being less than or equal to 10% by weight, the content of Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 being less than or equal to 5% by weight, and the content of other inorganic substances being less than or equal to 10% by weight, with the percentage of non fibrous particles being less than or equal to 20% by weight, and with the percentage of non fibrous particles with diameters greater than 150 microns being less than or equal to 7% by weight.

Abstract: A multipurpose copper base alloy having an improved combination of ultimate tensile strength and electrical conductivity. The alloy can be tailored for applications such as in connectors or leadframes by processing. The alloy may be processed to provide improved bead formability at some sacrifice in strength. The alloy in the stabilized condition shows surprising improvement in stress relaxation resistance. The alloy comprises a Cu-Ni-Si alloy to which about 0.05 to about 0.45% by weight magnesium is added.

Abstract: There is disclosed an excellently corrosion-resistant copper alloy suited for use in fabricating fins for heat exchangers, particularly for automobile radiators, which is substantially consisted of 0.005 to 0.1 wt % Pb and 0.01 to 1.0 wt % Co and the remainder Cu with or without the addition of 0.01 to 1.0 wt % one or more of Al, Sn, Mg, Ni, Te, In, Cd, As, Mn, Cr, Ti, Si, Zn, Be, Fe and P.

Abstract: A composite material for use in the preparation of substrates for thin film magnetic heads is provided which comprises a carbonaceous or graphitic material strengthened with a resin or metallic binder and optionally impregnated with a resin, metallic or non-metallic impregnant.

Abstract: A sprayed-on wear-resistant coating which is carried on a substrate constituted by a machine part surface, has an inner face oriented towards the substrate and an outer face oriented away from the substrate. The coating consists of a material whose structure and/or composition continuously varies from the inner face of the coating towards the outer face thereof.

Abstract: High nickel/iron alloy steel plate for LNG or LPG tanks having 35-37% nickel content is plated with nickel in an amount of 1 to 10 g/m.sup.2, and then chromated, except electro-chromating treatment, to obtain thereon a chromate film having a chromium content of 5 to 100 mg/m.sup.2.

Abstract: A non-cyanide molten salt bath composition and process for the carburization of objects made of ferrous metals or alloys are provided. The composition comprises a molten salt mixture, at a temperature in the range of 900.degree. C. to 1050.degree. C., of an alkali metal chloride or a mixture of alkali metal chlorides; an activator consisting of an oxygen containing strontium or barium salt; and a graphite cover. The process comprises immersing the ferrous metal or alloy part in the molten mixture at a temperature in the range of 900.degree. C. to 1050.degree. C.

Abstract: An article is disclosed consisting essentially of a ceramic substrate bonded to a metal or ceramic member by a brazing alloy. In these processes, the ceramic surface is prepared such that it is relatively defect free prior to brazing.

Abstract: Novel gold colored copper alloy compositions of single phase crystal structure possessing a combination of good cold and hot workability, excellent ductility and excellent corrosion, pitting, and tarnishing resistance. The compositions contain between about 0.5 and 4 weight percent nickel, between about 0.5 and 3.8 weight percent aluminum, and up to about 1.3 weight percent iron with the balance being copper. Additions of up to 0.5 weight percent, of manganese, silicon, zinc, tin lead, individually or any combination thereof, also contribute to or maintain the improved properties of the present invention. Other aspects of the invention relate to a method for imparting the above-described properties to a copper alloy, the non-tarnishing pitting resistant, gold colored sheets strip, wire, and like products made from such compositions, and an articles suitable for use as architectural members, jewelry, electrical connectors or heat exchanger/condenser tubing stock.

Abstract: A casting metal mold made of a copper alloy consisting essentially of 0.01 to 3 wt % of zirconium, 0.03 to 5 wt % of titanium and, as required, 0.03 to 2 wt % of chromium and the balance substantially copper, the copper alloy having a structure in which precipitate phase consisting of compound of copper and at least one of zirconium, titanium and chromium exists, and having a Brinell hardness between H.sub.B 100 to H.sub.B 500 and an electric conductivity between 20 and 80% in terms of IACS. This metal mold suffers only small deformation during casting and, hence, less liable to cause run-out of the melt. The casting obtained by this metal mold, therefore, has no or only slight fins.

Abstract: This composite material includes reinforcing alumina-silica fiber material in a metal matrix. The alumina-silica reinforcing fibers have principal components about 35% to about 65% by weight of SiO.sub.2, about 35% to about 65% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and a content of other substances of less than or equal to about 10% by weight, with the weight percentage of the mullite crystalline form therein being at least about 15%, and with the weight percentage of included non fibrous particles with diameter greater than or equal to 150 microns being not more than about 5%. And the matrix metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc, lead, tin, and alloys having these as principal components. The volume proportion of the alumina-silica fibers should be at least 0.5%. Within these constraints, the qualities of the composite material with regard to wear, and wear on a mating member, and hardness, bending strength, and tensile strength, are good.

Abstract: A differentially coated, galvanized steel strip is produced by hot dip coating both sides of a steel strip and adjusting the weight of coating metal on opposite sides of the strip to produce a light coated side and a heavy coated side. The strip is then precooled to fully solidify the heavy coated side following which the galvanized strip is subjected to a treating step in which simultaneously the light coated side is heated and the heavy coated side is cooled. This fully transforms the light coated side to iron-zinc alloy throughout while only partially transforming an inner layer on the heavy coated side to iron-zinc alloy. The outer layer on the heavy coated side consists entirely of coating metal, and there are no intermittent bleed-throughs of iron-zinc alloy to the outer surface of the heavy coated side.

Abstract: A metal alloy consisting essentially of about 4-16 atom percent manganese, 4-16 atom percent silicon, 0-16 atom percent tin, 0-20 atom percent zinc, 0-10 atom percent silver and about 0-10 atom percent indium, the balance being copper and incidental impurities. The alloy is adapted for brazing steels, cemented carbides to steels, copper and copper alloys to steels, copper to copper and copper alloys, and composite materials to steels and copper.

Abstract: A metal article such as a piston for a diesel engine has at least one portion which includes a matrix composite reinforced by inorganic ceramic fibers, wherein the density of fibers and/or the fiber orientation in the matrix composite is varied to provide superior resistance to thermal fatigue while having superior strength and wear characteristics.

Abstract: A copper-tin alloy having improved wear performance and a process for forming the alloy is described herein. The alloy consists essentially of about 2% to about 11%, preferably about 3.5% to about 9% tin, about 0.03% to about 0.75%, preferably about 0.08% to about 0.5% phosphorous and the balance essentially copper. The processing for improving the wear performance includes a final heat treatment at a temperature in the range of about 400.degree. C. to about 650.degree. C., preferably about 500.degree. C. to about 600.degree. C. in an atmosphere having a dew point in the range of about -75.degree. C. to about +95.degree. C., preferably -57.degree. C. to +21.degree. C. and an oxygen level in the range of about 0.001 ppm to about 225 ppm.

Abstract: A predominately beta phase copper base alloy which is adapted for forming in a semi-solid slurry condition. The alloy has a microstructure comprising discrete particles within a lower melting point matrix and consists essentially of from about 9% to about 10.5% by weight aluminum, at least about 10% by weight nickel and the balance essentially copper. In accordance with an alternative embodiment the nickel can be replaced on a one for one basis by iron within certain limits. The alloys are processed by chill casting with a cooling rate throughout the section of the casting comprising at least about 10.degree. C./sec. The alloys as-cast or when reheated to a semi-solid exhibit a microstructure suitable for press forging.