Abstract: A hydroformylation process comprising the treatment of an unsaturated compound with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst system comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of a rhenium, rhodium, cobalt, ruthenium, iridium and osmium phthalocyanine compound is disclosed.

Abstract: The specification describes novel 2-(4'-halobenzyl) phenols of the formula: ##SPC1##In which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, re hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, provided that only one of R.sub.1 , R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is hydrogen, or any two or R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 form, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, a cycloalkyl ring, particularly cyclohexyl, and the third substituent is hydrogen; R.sub.4 is hydrogen, halogen, a nitro group or a benzyl group, the latter, if desired, being substituted in the same manner as the benzyl group shown in the ortho position of the phenolic nucleus; R.sub.5 is hydrogen or a hydroxyl group; X is halogen, particularly chlorine or bromine, and Y is hydrogen or halogen, particularly chlorine or bromine, and a process for their preparation. These compounds have useful bacteriostatic activity.

Abstract: In a continuous process for the production of phenol by the oxychlorination of benzene to form chlorination product comprising monochlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene and benzene in a first stage, and the hydrolysis in a second stage with steam of material comprising monochlorobenzene to form hydrolysis product comprising phenol, monochlorobenzene and HCl, the method of separating and recovering phenol therefrom which comprises (1) mixing hydrolysis product comprising phenol and monochlorobenzene with chlorination product comprising monochlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene and benzene, to form liquid organic mixed product, and (2) passing said liquid organic mixed product through a distillation train, in which a benzene fraction, a fraction comprising monochlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene, and a fraction consisting essentially of phenol, ar separated therefrom. The fraction comprising monochlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene is fed to the hydrolysis stage condensation column as quenching material.

Abstract: There are provided: novel aryloxy immonium salts, prepared by the reaction of their corresponding haloformates with amides; and phenolic compositions corresponding to the aryloxy immonium salts. These novel aryloxy immonium salts and their corresponding phenolic compositions have utility as chemical intermediates, antioxidants, stabilizers and antibacterials.

Abstract: P-Tolualdehyde freed from reaction-inhibiting substances is autooxidized by a gas containing molecular oxygen in an aliphatic ketone or fatty acid ester solvent under pressure in the absence of catalyst to produce per-p-toluic acid. The resulting per-p-toluic acid is brought into contact with a lower olefin in the absence of catalyst to produce p-toluic acid and an alkylene oxide at the same time, or said per-p-toluic acid is reacted with allyl alcohol to produce glycidol and p-toluic acid at the same time, and further the resulting glycidol is hydrolyzed to produce glycerin, or said per-p-toluic acid is reacted with methanol in the presence of an esterification catalyst to produce hydrogen peroxide and methyl p-toluate at the same time. The foregoing reactions can be carried out easily and safely in simple processes in high yields.

Abstract: This invention relates to the hydroformylation of alkyl olefins to form aldehydes by the addition of hydrogen and carbon monoxide using ligand stabilized platinum(II) dihalide complexes in combination with Group IVB metal halides as catalysts.

Abstract: A method of separating methylolphenols from an organic solution containing the methylolphenols by contacting the organic solution with an aqueous alkaline borate solution in which lithium ions are present in a quantity greater than any other single alkali metal ion for a period of time sufficient to form a solid complex of the lithium and boron with the methylolphenols which then are separated from the organic solution.The methylolphenols subsequently may be recovered from the complex by decomposing the complex with acid and dissolving the released methylolphenols in an organic solvent.

Abstract: In purifying a normally solid organic peroxide by heating an aqueous suspension of the organic peroxide in an impure state to a temperature above the melting point of the peroxide for converting the suspension to an aqueous emulsion and then separating the resulting aqueous and liquid peroxide phases so that the separated peroxide phase can be solidified by cooling; the heating of the aqueous suspension is effected by injecting finely divided steam therein during its continuous transport in one or more paths leading to the separator for obtaining complete melting immediately prior to entry of the emulsion into the separator without substantial decomposition of the organic peroxide.

Abstract: Tetraperoxides of the formula ##EQU1## where X is a bivalent radical such as alkylene; R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an organic radical; R.sub.2 is alkylene alkoxy carbonyl; and R.sub.3 is an organic radical. Method of preparing tetraperoxides by addition reaction between a bis-hydroperoxide and a carbonyl compound to form a dihydroxy diperoxide, followed by condensation of the dihydroxy diperoxide with a tertiary monohydroxide. The tetraperoxides are useful for vulcanizing saturated elastomers, crosslinking plastomers, and initiating radical polymerization.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of para-nitro-meta-cresol in high yield from directly available and inexpensive meta/para-cresol mixtures, without need heretofore for first resolving the cresol mixture to provide a separate meta-cresol reactant.The process comprises subjecting the cresol mixture to nitration, whereby para-nitro-meta-cresol is formed, and then separating the para-nitro-meta-cresol from the resulting nitration reaction mixture.In one embodiment, the cresol mixture is introduced into reaction with an aqueous acid mixture containing HNO.sub.3 and HNO.sub.2 as the only acid ingredients, under defined critical conditions of feed flow rate, temperature, acid concentrations, and reactant proportions to provide the cresol nitration reaction product mixture.

Abstract: 2,6-xylenol is methylated to yield 2,3,6-trimethylphenol in high selectivity in a liquid phase reaction controlled in temperature, pressure, and reactor residence time.

Abstract: Fluoroaliphatic phenols are prepared by reacting an olefinic phenol with a perfluoroalkyl sulfonyl chloride, bromide, or fluoride in the presence of a free radical catalyst at a temperature of from about 100.degree.-150.degree. C. The fluoroaliphatic phenols are useful in the preparation of condensation products with aldehydes which products are substantive to the skin and render the skin or similar materials repellent to aqueous and oily materials.

Abstract: 7-Alkoxydihydrocitronellals (and their homologues) and their acetals useful as perfumes are prepared from citronellal (or homologues thereof) by reaction with ammonia or a primary or secondary amine, followed by treatment of the product with an alkanol in the presence of a strong acid and then neutralization of the reaction mixture.

Abstract: P-Diisopropylbenzene dihydroperoxide is prepared by contacting p-diisopropylbenzene with molecular oxygen, adding an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide to the reaction mixture to precipitate p-diisopropylbenzenedihydroperoxide, separating p-diisopropylbenzenedihydroperoxide from the reaction mixture which creates a residual solution containing p-diisopropylbenzene and p-diisopropylbenzenemonohydroperoxide which is recycled. The residual solution resulting from the reaction mixture can also be contacted with the alkali metal hydroxide or the alkaline earth metal hydroxide.

Abstract: Process for splitting primary alkylaromatic hydroperoxides to yield phenolic products is described which consists of reacting the hydroperoxide with a catalytic amount of a compound with an acid reaction, in an organic solvent medium, the characteristic feature being that the splitting medium is a mixture consisting of:A. at least one solvent chosen from the group of aprotic polar solvents formed by polymethylene-sulphones, alkylene glycol carbonates which contain 2 to 4 carbon atoms (in the alkylene portion) and aliphatic or aromatic nitriles, andB. at least one hydroxylic solvent taken from the group formed by aliphatic alcohols containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms and alkylene glycols containing up to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing alkylphenols by oxidation of alkyl-substituted aromatic aldehydes with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of hydrogen fluoride and hydrolysis thereof. More particularly, under the presence of hydrogen fluoride alkyl substituted aromatic aldehydes are oxidized and converted selectively to aromatic alkyl phenol formates by hydrogen peroxide, without converting to corresponding aromatic carboxylic acid. After the completion of the oxidizing reaction, the produced alkyl phenol formates are hydrolyzed to corresponding alkyl phenols at the time of removing the remaining hydrogen fluoride by distillation.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds of the type of sinensal, which is suitable as a flavor-imparting agent of orange aroma, and novel intermediates including those having the general formula: ##SPC1##Wherein R signifies a CH.sub.2 OH, CHO or COOH group and the broken lines represent a double bond emanating from C-atom 4, are disclosed.

Abstract: In autoxidation of tertiary cycloalkanes and alkyl aromatics the selectivity for organic hydroperoxides can be substantially increased by using a basic or amphoteric buffering compound of a Group IIIB or rare earth metal. For example, an autoxidation of isopentane with 4 wt. percent LaO at 11.1 mole percent conversion gave selectivities of t-amyl hydroperoxides -- 75.5 mole percent, acetone -- 18.3 mole percent, and t-amyl alcohol -- 0.3 mole percent. The same reaction without the buffer at only 10.3 mole percent conversion ve selectivities of t-amyl hydroperoxide -- 30.6 mole percent, acetone -- 51.2 mole percent and t-amyl alcohol -- 14.9 percent.

Abstract: An improved creosote wood preservative that has a light color and that forms a non-sticky crud deposit is prepared from a coal tar creosote. The coal tar creosote is reacted with one or more of the following groups of neutral compounds: paraformaldehyde, trioxane; or nitrobenzene, nitrotoluene, nitroxylene, tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane; or aluminum, zinc or sulfur, to produce a reacted creosote. This reacted creosote is distilled to yield a distillate, which is the improved creosote wood preservative, and a pitch residue.

Abstract: A process is provided for the semihydrogenation of the olefinic group in conjugated position to a carbonyl group in citral, a dienic aldehyde. The dienic aldehyde is hydrogenated with hydrogen in the presence of a palladium catalyst, a lower aliphatic alcohol, and an aqueous alkaline solution. The process is of particular application to the semihydrogenation of citral to citronellal.