Abstract: Organometallic complexes formed between hexaalkylphosphoramides (HAPA) and metal salts, including rare earth metals, have been found to be effective catalyst for the oxidation of secondary and tertiary alkylaromatics to form valuable oxidation products, particularly the corresponding hydroperoxides. Novel complexes formed between HAPA and metal salts of the lanthanide series have been found to be especially effective in the selective formation of the hydroperoxides at high conversion rates. By substantially increasing the agitation and/or aeration of the reaction medium it is possible to increase these high conversion rates still further.

Abstract: Ortho cresol is methylated in the liquid phase to yield 2,6-xylenol and 2,3,6-trimethylphenol in high selectivity and mild conditions.

Abstract: A process for purifying crude .beta.-naphthol obtained via an alkylnaphthalene hydroperoxide, comprising subjecting the crude .beta.-naphthol to a recrystallization treatment using (1) an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, or (2) a mixed solvent comprising the aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent and at least one other solvent selected from the group consisting of benzene, a benzene derivative, a ketone, an alcohol, an ether and an ester.

Abstract: A process for the production of high molecular weight .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehydes by alkylation of the .gamma.-carbon atom of a lower molecular weight .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehyde with a substituted allyl alcohol which has a chain branching in the 4-position carbon atom or a phenyl radical in the 4-position or of a corresponding allyl alcohol carboxylic ester at elevated temperature in the liquid phase.The products are valuable intermediates for the production of natural substances and odorants.

Abstract: A separate phase of alumina is the matrix in which a separately prepared silica alumina is dispersed in the mixture of aqueous gels, which mixture is spray dried, and the solids calcined at about 1350.degree. F for about 3 hours. From about 0.001% to about 0.1% iron is impregnated into the support. Hydrocarbonylation of pentene-1 over such iron-containing catalyst provides hexanol and hexanal with an attractive combination of activity, selectivity, and stability for the catalytic process, the iron remaining on the support after repeated leaching by liquid product.

Abstract: 2-Ethyl hexanal is produced by hydrogenation of 2-ethyl hexene-2-al-1 without substantial formation of by-product 2-ethyl hexanol by liquid phase upflow through a catalyst bed with controlled hydrogen concentration at 90.degree.-180.degree. C and a pressure of 5-40 Kgm/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: Methanol is dehydrogenated at 500-750.degree. C. using a catalyst whose active components are copper, zinc and sulfur to form a stable product containing 30 to 85% by weight of formaldehyde, 0 to 2% by weight of water, the balance being methanol.

Abstract: A process for preparing hydroperoxide by autoxidizing secondary alkyl group-substituted methylbenzenes in the presence of water comprises using as a catalyst a water-soluble chelate compound in which multidentate ligands are coordinated to at least one member selected from the class of cobalt, nickel, manganese, copper and iron.

Abstract: A process of carrying out hydrogenation, hydroformylation, and carbonylation reactions using as a catalyst a hydrido-carbonyl bis (trisubstituted phosphine, arsine, or stibine), or a hydrido-carbonyl tris (tri-substituted phosphine, arsine, or stibine), or a halogen or pseudo-halogen-containing complex which has been formed from a halide or pseudo-halide of a platinum group metal and at least one biphyllic ligand.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of alpha substituted unsaturated aldehydes according to the reaction: ##STR1## wherein one of the dashed lines is a double bond and the other of the dashed lines is a single bond; wherein R.sub.1 is allyl or benzyl, R.sub.2 is one of alkyl, aryl, alkenyl or alkoxyalkyl and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each hydrogen or alkyl, with the proviso that when R.sub.3 is alkyl the dashed line between the .beta. carbon atom and the .gamma. carbon atom represents a double bond and when R.sub.3 is hydrogen, either of the dashed lines is a double bond, wherein X is chloro or bromo, and wherein M is alkali metal, the reaction being carried out (1) using a phase transfer agent, and (2) in a two phase system.Also described is the novel compound, 2,4,7-trimethyl-2,6-octadienal having uses in altering, modifying or enhancing the organoleptic properties of foodstuffs, perfume compositions and perfumed articles.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of dihydroxybenzenes whereby there are obtained primarily meta isomers of the dihydroxybenzenes includes the steps of: preparing a mixture of sulfonic acid isomers by sulfonation-isomerization of an hydroxybenzene having the formula: ##STR1## in which R and R' are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl radical having at most 4 carbon atoms per molecule, the total carbon atoms in radicals R and R' being at most 4; subjecting the so-produced sulfonic acids to selective hydrolyzation in aqueous medium at a temperature between about 100.degree. and 150.degree. C., the monohydroxy benzene being recovered by the said selective hydrolyzation in an enriched concentration that makes it readily recoverable by recycle in the process or other separation methods, and unhydrolyzed sulfonic acid remaining in the said aqueous medium; caustically fusing the said unhydrolyzed sulfonic acid, and liberating by acidification the desired dihydroxybenzene.

Abstract: For production of acrolein by gas-phase catalytic oxidation of propylene with molecular oxygen, there is used a catalyst containing molybdenum, bismuth, cobalt, nickel, iron, tin, silicon, and a particular borate in a prescribed proportion. Sodium or manganese is employed for formation of the desired borate. For preparation of the catalyst, the borate of each of the metals is preferably supplied in the combined form of a sodium or manganese salt of various boric acids, such as borax, although it may be supplied separately as a boric acid and a decomposable compound of each metal.

Abstract: A process for dehalogenation of alpha halogenated carbonyl compounds and/or the prevention of the formation of such. The process for dehalogenation generally comprises causing there to be in solution the halogenated compound, cuprous ions (such as from cuprous chloride) and hydrogen ions (such as from hydrochloric acid), the process to be conducted in the absence of molecular oxygen, or, if molecular oxygen is present, there being an excess of cuprous ions sufficient to completely react with the molecular oxygen present. Such can also be used to suppress formation of halogenated carbonyl compounds in processes where conditions exist which favor such formation.

Abstract: Preparation of aralkyl monohydroperoxides comprising oxidizing an alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon in the liquid state by contacting the latter with oxygen or an oxygen containing gas at a temperature of about 40.degree. to 135.degree. C in the absence of any water, acid binding agent or reaction promoting agent, thereafter introducing the oxidate without cooling into a treatment zone maintained under conditions of pressure and vacuum whereby the unreacted hydrocarbon is evaporated, the heat required for the evaporation being solely the heat of formulation of the aralkyl monohydroperoxides.

Abstract: A process for producing polyhalogenated phenol by mixing a polyhalogenated aniline with an aqueous sulfuric acid solution to obtain a suspension of fine particles of polyhalogenated aniline sulfate having the particle size of 50 .mu. or less, diazotizing the polyhalogenated aniline sulfate to obtain polyhalogenate benzenediazonium sulfate, hydrolyzing the resulting benzenediazonium sulfate by heating it as such, recycling to the diazotization step the aqueous sulfuric acid solution from which the desired polyhalogenated phenol has been separated.

Abstract: Process, and resulting product, for improved hydroperoxidation of branched alkanes of at least 4 carbon atoms, especially useful in preparation of isoprene from isopentane; comprising the substantial elimination of acetic acid and similar by-products in the hydroperoxidation reaction which are harmful to the yield of the desired hydroperoxides; all of which is achieved by at least one washing between at least two successive oxidizing reactors. The wash solution may be just water or advantageously a pre-saturated aqueous solution containing the oxidation products which are desired not to be extracted from the organic phase of the reaction medium.

Abstract: A process for the production of ethylphenol comprising the oxidation of diethylbenzene into diethylbenzene monohydroperoxide, withdrawing the reaction mixture, separating the unconverted diethylbenzene therefrom to obtain a hydroperoxide concentrate containing at least 40% of diethylbenzene monohydroperoxide, mixing said concentrate with a solvent selected from the group consisting of the lower molecular weight aliphatic alcohols and ketones, decomposing said hydroperoxide by intimate contact with a strong acid, hydrogenating the decomposition mixture and recovering ethylphenol from the hydrogenated mixture.

Abstract: Stabilized, aqueous formaldehyde solutions and a process for their manufacture by addition of isophthalobis-guanamine and/or terephthalo-bis-guanamine. The formaldehyde solution of the invention is used as a disinfectant, tanning agent or reducing agent, and as a starting material for the manufacture of synthetic resins, adhesives and plastics.

Abstract: 2,6,10-Trimethyl-dodecan-1-al and its 4,8-diene and processes for their manufacture. The new compounds are manufactured by vinylation or ethynylation and subsequent partial hydrogenation of 2-methyl-butan-1-al, reaction of the resulting 4-methyl-hex-1-en-3-ol with a propenyl ether in the presence of an acid catalyst at elevated temperatures, or reaction of the resulting 4-methyl-hex-1-en-3-ol with an .alpha.-formyl-propionic acid ester at elevated temperatures, subsequent vinylation of ethynylation and partial hydrogenation of the resulting 2,6-dimethyl-oct-4-en-1-al, renewed reaction with a propenyl ether or an .alpha.-formyl-propionic acid ester and -- if desired -- catalytic hydrogenation of the resulting 2,6,10-trimethyl-dodeca-4,8-dien-1-al. The organoleptic properties of the new compounds greatly resemble those of the natural scents and aromas of oranges, namely .alpha.- and .beta.-sinensal.

Abstract: Prehnitenol (2,3,4,5-tetramethylphenol) is prepared by reacting pentamethylphenol with phenol in the liquid phase using a catalyst selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide.