Abstract: A method and apparatus for interfacing a central processing unit to a network switch with an external memory that transfers data to the network switch at a different clock speed than transfers of data to the central processing unit provides an interlocking mechanism to prevent overwriting of data and underflows from occurring. The interlocking of the state machines, accomplished by the idling and advancing of a processor state machine and an external memory state machine, prevents either one of the separate state machines from outrunning the other state machine.

Abstract: A broadcast command packet protocol provides for significant reduction of the overhead associated with a data transfer operation and the consequent increase in throughput efficiency. IDENTIFY and SIMPLE TAG messages, along with a command descriptor block, are collapsed into a 24-byte packet which is broadcast to all target devices residing on a bus in a “burst” subsequent to an arbitration and a NULL SELECT phase. Multiple broadcast command packets are sequentially burst onto the data bus in back-to-back fashion, to one or more target devices subsequent to a single arbitration phase. Each target device verifies its own ID, queues up its intended commands, and subsequently arbitrates for control of the bus to executed the commands.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention provides a packer-unpacker (PUP) for a digital serial interface which allows a plurality of processors to access time slot registers of a serial data stream relating to the digital serial interface. A configuration register is maintained either by one of the plurality of processors or by each of the processors to arbitrate access to the individual time slot registers. Another aspect of the invention allows one or more processors to efficiently access and/or write more bits to a resource such as a time slot register than the width of the processor's respective data bus allows. Extra bits registers are maintained for at least one of the read and write direction data busses. The extra bits correspond to the least significant bits conventionally ignored in changing from a data bus of one width to a data bus of a narrower width. The extra bits in the write direction are accessed, e.g.

Abstract: In a router comprising one or more network processing (NP) devices for routing data packets from a source NP device to a destination device via a switch fabric, with each network processing device supporting a number of interface ports, each port capable of interfacing with one or more data queues for receiving packets associated with a class-of-service characterizing the routing of the packets, a system and method for routing packets comprising: classifying a packet to be forwarded from a source NP device according to a particular class-of-service and determining outgoing interface port information of a destination NP device to forward the packet, the interface port having a pre-defined queue base address associated therewith; encoding a queue index offset for the packet associated with a particular class-of-service associated with the packet to be routed; forwarding the packet, queue index offset and outgoing interface port information to the destination NP; and, determining a queue identifier from the base

Abstract: A system and method for dynamically varying traffic channel sectorization within a spread spectrum communication system is disclosed herein. In a preferred implementation, the system is operative to convey information to at least one specified user in a spread spectrum communication system and includes a first network for generating, at a predetermined chip rate, a first pseudorandom noise (PN) signal of a first predetermined PN code. The first PN signal is then combined with a first information signal in order to provide a resultant first modulation signal. The system further includes a second network for providing a second modulation signal by delaying the first modulation signal by a predetermined delay inversely related to the PN chip rate. A switching transmission network is disposed to selectively transmit the first and second modulation signals respectively to first and second coverage areas.

Abstract: A multiple channel optical fiber controller provides an optical fiber positioning control loop for each degree of freedom. Each channel represents a degree of freedom and remains independent from other channels by modulating the degrees of freedom with an orthogonal code set. The orthogonal code set is an orthogonal CDMA code set so that the optical coefficients can be distinguished from each other and degrees of freedom can be independently match filter detected. Amplitude modulation allows the state of degrees of freedom to be derived and provides the necessary feedback signal for the degree of freedom channel.

Abstract: A method of distributing network resources fairly in an ATM network that is applicable in situations where a large number of clients establish connections to a single server. The method provides a way to more evenly distribute network resources when large number of clients desire connections to a popular server. A fair percentage value is assigned to a popular server and advertised in a PTSE. The fair percentage value is associated with a reachable ATM destination address and is flooded throughout the network. When a source node desires to connect to this server, the route is chosen in accordance with the fair percentage value. Rather than always selecting the best route, the source node chooses a route at random from among a percentage of the best routes. The switches can be configured with the fair percentage value either statically via a network manager or dynamically under program control.

Abstract: A bandwidth control method is disclosed that allows management on the network manager side of bandwidths to be reserved. Between each of subscriber nodes, maximum bandwidths are set for each node pair in which one subscriber node is taken as the source and the other is taken as the destination; and for the data transfer from a source subscriber node to a destination subscriber node, for each of links from the source subscriber node to a trunk node, links between trunk nodes, and links from a trunk node to the destination subscriber node, bandwidths are set to correspond to the sum of maximum bandwidths of subscriber node pairs that carry out data transfer over these links. For data transfer from trunk nodes to other trunk nodes or to the destination subscriber node, virtual channels are organized by route and made virtual channel groups, and bandwidths are reserved based on the virtual channel groups.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to providing frequency hopping medium access control among a plurality of nodes (e.g., communication stations) in a wireless communication system. The present invention is directed to decentralized control of synchronization among the plural nodes. In accordance with exemplary embodiments, a node used to control synchronization of the communication system can switch from a first master node to a second master node.

Abstract: A method of accessing service resource items for use in setting up bearer channels through a switched telecommunications system including the step of provisioning one or more servers connected to a computer network with a plurality of service resource items that are located with corresponding known URIs. The computer network is logically distinct from a telecommunications system and the service resource items relate to setup control for bearer channels through the telecommunications system. Each of the service resource items is associated with a respective predetermined code. The predetermined codes are distinct from the URIs and identify end-point entities for the bearer channels. The method also includes providing a mapping between the predetermined codes and the known URI of the service resource item associated with its predetermined code.

Abstract: A technique for multiplexing high speed computed data with digitized voice signals onto a fiber optic cable for transfer to a local central office. The data packets of a number of computers are networked by way of a distributed hub that extends to residences, offices, apartments, etc. The data packets are switched outside the switching fabric of a local central office and routed to the internet or elsewhere. Command signals that are for accessing the internet are transmitted and received as 10 MHz Ethernet data packets on the distributed hub.

Abstract: An IC card radio modem includes an IC card unit storing infrastructure type information in a memory, a plurality of infrastructure-compatible units connected to the IC card unit at multiple points through an IC card interface, and an antenna for sending information to a designated external infrastructure. The present invention also relates to a communication system using the IC card radio modem.

Abstract: A method and apparatus, such as a radiotelephone, operates so as to (a) decode a signal received from a communications channel to extract data therefrom, the data being received at one of n rates and the signal being decoded at each of the n rates for generating n Cumulative Metrics; (b) defines a matrix M composed of n mean vectors derived from the n Cumulative Metrics; (c) orthogonalizes the n rates by inverting the matrix M and multiplying with an observable vector of Cumulative Metrics to obtain a discriminant vector; and (d) determining the correct rate from the discriminant vector as the row number having a maximum value. One or both of a fixed or an adaptive scaling can be applied to the soft data prior to Viterbi decoding, and the resulting Cumulative Metrics can be scaled again to undo the first scaling, prior to operation of the rate determination technique.

Abstract: A router is configured for sending and receiving data packets on an InfiniBand™ network and acts as a bridge between an IP network and the InfiniBand™ network. The router is configured to receive an Internet Protocol (IP) data packet having an IP header including a type of service (TOS) field having a differentiated services code point indicative of layer 3 priority data of the IP packet . The router includes a mapping table having multiple entries, each entry specifying a differentiated services code point and a corresponding service level. The controller is configured for parsing the TOS field and determining the service level for the differentiated services level. The controller outputs the IP packet on the InfiniBand™ network within an InfiniBand™ packet according to the determined services level.

Abstract: The present invention provides backscatter interrogators, communication systems and backscatter communication methods. According to one aspect of the present invention, a backscatter interrogator includes a data path configured to communicate a data signal; a signal generator configured to generate a carrier signal; and a modulator coupled with the data path and the signal generator, the modulator being configured to spread the data signal to define a spread data signal and amplitude modulate the carrier signal using the spread data signal, the modulator being further configured to phase modulate the carrier signal.

Abstract: In an ATM switching module, expansion interfaces are connected in pair to an ATM switch to respectively operate in active and standby states. When another ATM switching module is installed and a connection is established between an expansion interface of standby state and the newly installed ATM switching module, a process sets the standby state expansion interface in hot-standby state, and holds off incoming ATM cells destined for the hot-standby state expansion interface until the connection is ready to accept cell traffic, whereupon the hot-standby state expansion interface is switched to active state, whereby the ATM switch and an ATM switch of the another switching module constitute a multi-stage configuration.

Abstract: A code generation apparatus that is connected to a plurality of correlation devices connected in parallel includes an initial long code (LC) state mask, initial state registers, a state buffer, local Pseudo Noise (PN) code generators, and I and Q shift registers. The initial LC state mask inputs the mask for an LC linear feedback shift register (LFSR) that is within the local PN code generators. The initial state registers input the initial contents of in-phase and quadrature LFSRs that are also within the code generators, along with the initial contents of the LC LFSR. The local PN code generators then generate ILC and QLC sequences that are input to the I and Q shift registers respectively. The shift registers, by shifting the ILC and QLC sequences, output a plurality of shifted ILC and QLC sequences to the correlation devices.

Abstract: A device for switching packets in a network includes a switching core and a plurality of ports, coupled to pass the packets from one to another through the switching core. The ports include, with respect to each packet among the packets switched by the device, a receiving port, coupled to receive the packet from a packet source, and a destination port, to which the packet is passed for conveyance to a packet destination. The ports also include one or more cache memories, respectively associated with one or more of the ports, each of the cache memories being configured to hold a forwarding database cache for reference by the receiving port with which the cache memory is associated in determining the destination port of the packet.

Abstract: The alternate use of data packet fields to convey other packet information is disclosed. A data packet is sent by a first adapter, such as a host channel adapter (HCA), to a second adapter, such as a target channel adapter (TCA), over a network, such as input/output (I/O) network like an InfiniBand I/O network. The packet is sent for routing over another network, such as a communication network like an Ethernet network. The packet has a first part intended to signify a packet type, but actually conveys other packet information. The first part may be intended to have a value greater than or equal to a predetermined number to signify the type, but actually have a value less than the predetermined number to convey other packet information. The first packet part may be a raw datagram header, and may have an Ethertype field.

Abstract: An isolation system is provided that is suitable for use in telephony, medical instrumentation, industrial process control and other applications. Preferred embodiments of the invention comprise a capacitive isolation barrier across which a digital signal is communicated. The system provides a means of communication across the isolation barrier that is highly immune to amplitude and phase noise interference. Clock recovery circuitry may be employed on one side of the isolation barrier to extract timing information from the digital signal communicated across the barrier, and to filter the effects of phase noise introduced at the barrier. Delta-sigma converters may be disposed on both sides of the isolation barrier to convert signals between analog and digital domains. An isolated power supply may also be provided on the isolated side of the barrier, whereby direct current is generated in response to the digital data received across the isolation barrier.