Abstract: A liquid crystal device such as a display comprises a twisted liquid crystal layer whose surface director orientation at a first surface is oriented in a first direction and whose surface director orientation at a second surface is oriented in a second different non-perpendicular direction. The layer is disposed, for instance, between a linear polarizer and a reflector. A retarder is disposed between the layer and the polarizer and compensates for residual retardation of the layer at a first voltage across the layer. For instance, the retarder has a retardation substantially equal to the residual retardation and an optic axis perpendicular to the bisectrix of the orientations.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (ALCD@) panel having electrostatic discharge (AESD@) prevention circuitry. The LCD panel includes a plurality of gate lines connected to a gate driving circuit and a plurality of data lines connected to a data driving circuit, the gate lines and the data lines intersect to define a pixel array. The LCD panel further comprises a plurality of ESD prevention circuits each having at least one switching device and at least one control terminal connected to the switching device, each ESD prevention circuit connected between an end of a gate or data line and a common wire. The ends of the gate and data lines are thereby coupled in common by the common wire. The switching device is turned on by electrostatic voltages generated at the gate and/or data lines during LCD panel fabrication, and is turned off by control signals applied at the control terminal during panel testing and normal operation.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display device comprising a polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal layer capable of coming into a light scattering state when no voltage is applied, and first and second transparent electrodes capable of forming an electric field to the polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal layer. The first transparent electrode has a first electrode pattern and a second electrode pattern disposed adjoiningly to the first electrode pattern via a boundary area between them. The boundary area has a width adequate to make transparent the polymer-dispersed liquid-crystal layer at its area corresponding to the boundary area, by the action of an electric field formed by the second electrode pattern and second transparent electrode. This liquid-crystal display device enables any desired display to be superimposed on the background image while preventing the difficulty that the wiring area extending to a display mark is displayed or only the edging of the display mark is displayed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus of the present invention includes: a liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal display device including: a pair of light transmissive substrates; a transparent electrode layer and an alignment film which are provided on one surface of each of the light transmissive substrates, the surface facing the other one of the light transmissive substrates; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of light transmissive substrates, wherein: the liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules; the liquid crystal molecules on a surface on each of the alignment films are pre-tilted in the same direction and by the same angle as those on a surface of the other one of the alignment films; and the liquid crystal layer has a homogeneous orientation; a pair of polarizers provided on respective sides of the liquid crystal display device; and at least one inclined phase plate including an index ellipsoid having three principal refractive indices na, nb and nc, wherein

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is realized which is improved in light reflectivity on pixel electrodes to provide brightness at low cost and low power consumption. A dielectric multi-layered film having a first dielectric film (low refractive film) 105 and a second dielectric film (high refractive film) 106 is formed on a pixel electrode 104 connected to a TFT 102 formed on a substrate 101 having an insulation surface. This dielectric multi-layered film is determined in refractive index (n), center wavelength (&lgr;) and film thickens (d) according to an equation nd=&lgr;/4, to give an enhanced reflection effect.

Abstract: The invention provides a reflective liquid crystal display device having a semi-conic concave portion in its reflective electrode. The semi-conic concave portion increases a reflection area of the reflective electrode and prevents open-line defects of the reflective electrode.

Abstract: The invention eliminates light leakage in liquid crystal panel caused by burrs, i.e., protrusions, on a light waveguide plate causing misalignment when the light waveguide plate is seated in the main frame of a LCD module. The invention includes a a first frame located on the liquid crystal panel, and a second frame assembled with the first frame interposing the liquid crystal panel and the back light. The second frame has a recessed portion formed at a location corresponding to the protrusions of the light waveguide plate, wherein a distance from the fixed side wall of the light waveguide plate to the protrusions is sufficiently short so that dimensional variations between the protruding portion of the light waveguide plate and the recessed portion of the second frame are insignificant.

Abstract: Through a cross-sectionally L-shaped leaf-spring metal fitting, a shield sheet and a shield casing or a bezel cover is electrically connected, to ground the shield sheet. The leaf-spring metal fitting has a horizontal section and a vertical section, and has first and second “tongue-shaped” leaf springs respectively on the horizontal and vertical sections. The horizontal section of the leaf-spring metal fitting is inserted between a resin frame of the backlight unit and the shield sheet disposed on lower face of a light-guide plate. Meanwhile, the vertical section of the leaf-spring metal fitting is sandwiched between a resin frame of the backlight unit and the shield casing.

Abstract: When using a LCD panel in a normally-black mode which controls, by using an electric field, the tilt direction of vertically-aligned liquid crystal molecules sandwiched between first and second substrates, the value of a voltage to be supplied to the liquid crystal layer for a black display is set in a range which is larger than 0 V, and, preferably, greater than an optical characteristics changing voltage Vth for the liquid crystal, and enables contrast of 50 or over. With this arrangement, it is possible to increase a response time of the liquid crystal when switching a vertically-aligned LCD from the OFF to ON states.

Abstract: A reflective type active matrix liquid crystal display device is provided which is capable of offering preferred images. The present invention provides a reflective type display device comprising an insulation substrate, a TFT array formed over the insulation substrate and having a plurality of pixel TFTs formed in a matrix form, at least one driver circuit formed over the substrate and having a plurality of driver TFTs to drive the TFT array, a reflective pixel electrode connected to the pixel TFTs and arranged above part or an entire of the driver circuit, and at least one power source interconnect connected to the driver circuit and formed between the reflective pixel electrode and one of a source electrode and a drain electrode of the driver TFTS. This power source interconnect serves to shield against electrical noise caused by the driver TFTs constituting the driver circuit.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display and a circuit for driving the same, having a higher resolution and being able to be manufactured at low cost. The liquid crystal display having first and second plates and a liquid crystal being sealed therebetween includes: a plurality of scanning lines arranged on the first plate one direction; a plurality of data lines arranged on the first plate, intersecting the scanning lines; first and second pixel regions, located at both sides of each data line, respectively; a first switch for selectively transmitting a video signal loaded on a corresponding data line to the first pixel region; and a second switch for selectively transmitting the video signal loaded on the data line to the second pixel region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device which can improve aperture ratio by minimizing light blocking is disclosed. In a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, gate lines and data lines are arranged to be overlapped with each other, thereby increasing light transmittance region. Furthermore, TFT is disposed between the gate line and data line, thereby further increasing light transmittance region. As a result, aperture ratio is improved.

Abstract: An electrode substrate for a reflection type liquid crystal display device, which includes a substrate, and a light scattering film formed on the substrate and including a transparent matrix resin and scattering particles made of a resin. The light scattering film is formed from a coating liquid containing the transparent matrix resin and a resin for forming the scattering particles, which has a different refractive index from that of the matrix resin, both mixed in a solvent. The scattering particles are dispersed in the transparent matrix resin as a result of a phase separation due to the low compatibility between these resins as the solvent is evaporated from the coating liquid. The size and dispersed state of the scattering particles are at least two-dimensionally randomized as viewed from the front of the light scattering film.

Abstract: To prevent a pitch shift between sensor panels when the temperature changes, in an image processing device having first boards having a thermal expansion coefficient a and a plurality of semiconductor elements or/and wiring lines formed on at least one board at an equal pitch P, and a second board having a thermal expansion coefficient b and opposing and bonded to the first board through bonding means, letting L be a length of the first board in a direction of array of the semiconductor elements or/and the wiring lines on the first board opposing the second board and T be a width of a temperature guarantee range of the image processing device, −P/2<LT(a−b)<P/2 is satisfied.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display unit produces image carrying light through a liquid crystal layer having a positive anisotropy of refractive index; an optically compensating layer with a negative anisotropy of refractive index is provided on an optical path of the image carrying light so as to compensate the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal, and the image carrying light is incident onto an optically diffusing layer after the optical compensation so as to widen the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display unit without deterioration of image contrast.

Abstract: A light diffusing film is produced by preparing a paint by adding a light transmissive diffusing material comprising resin beads to a light transmissive resin, and coating the paint on one or both of the surfaces of transparent film substrate made of TAC, to produce a light diffusing layer. In the light diffusing film, the haze value on the surface of light diffusing layer is three or more, the difference between the haze value along the normal and that the lines ±60° apart from the normal is four or less, and the surface is practically smooth whose roughness is so adjusted as to give a surface roughness Ra of Ra≦0.2 &mgr;m. Application of such a light diffusing film onto a display panel inhibits scattering reflection which would otherwise cause the display to be whitish, reduces the variation of haze values which vary depending on the viewed angle, and thus improves display quality.

Abstract: An image display area is defined in a main surface of a first substrate, and a terminal area is defined outside the display area. A plurality of first bus lines are arranged on the display area of the main surface of the first substrate. A first insulating layer covers the first bus lines on the main surface of the first substrate. The first bus lines correspond to external terminals on the terminal area of the first substrate, respectively. The external terminals are connected electrically with the corresponding first bus lines, respectively, through first contact holes that pass through the first insulating layer to the upper surface of the first bus lines. The external terminals are covered with a protective insulating layer in such a manner that their ends near the border of the first substrate remain uncovered.

Abstract: A low-reflection transparent conductive multi layer film to be attached to the front panel of cathode-ray tubes or plasma displays comprising, in the order described, a transparent substrate, a hard coat layer, a transparent conductive layer containing particles comprising at least one of a metal and a metal oxide, and at least one transparent protective layer which has anti-smudge properties, has a refractive index different from that of the transparent conductive layer and comprises a resin having a high dielectric power factor.

Abstract: A matrix substrate includes a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, and a driving circuit region and a sealing region provided in the peripheral region of the plurality of pixel electrodes, a sealant, a spacer material and a liquid crystal material being disposed between the plurality of pixel electrodes and a counter substrate to constitute a liquid crystal display device. A first conductive layer is provided under the plurality of pixel electrodes, a second conductive layer is provided under the sealing region for arranging the sealant and the spacer material, and the first conductive layer is electrically separated from the second conductive layer.

Abstract: A reflecting color liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal layer between a pair of opposing liquid crystal orientation films; transparent electrodes provided at outer surfaces of the orientation films; an upper glass base, a phase difference plate, and a front polarizing plate, which are laminated successively on an outer surface of one of the transparent electrodes; and a reflecting color polarized light filter provided at an outer surface of the other of the transparent electrodes, either directly or through an overcoat layer, such that a face of a polarized light color filter portion is in correspondence with the other of the transparent electrodes. Also disclosed is a reflecting color polarized filter including a reflecting layer provided at one face of a glass base, and a polarized light color filter portion provided on the reflecting layer.