Abstract: Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of:(a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and(b) an N-(2-hydroxyalkyl)monoalkanolamine or an N-(2-hydroxyalkyl)dialkanolamine.Also described are additive mixtures of (a) and (b) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.

Abstract: Corrosion caused by gasohol or alcohol motor fuels is inhibited by the addition of a corrosion inhibiting amount of the combination of (A) at least one monoalkenylsuccinic acid wherein the alkenyl group contains about 8 to 30 carbon atoms and (B) an N-(2-hydroxyalkyl)monoalkanolamine or an N-(2-hydroxyalkyl)dialkanolamine.

Abstract: Decrease in visible smoke in exhaust gases is achieved by operating diesel engines with fuel containing monoalkoxylated nonyl phenol.

Abstract: Gasoline of reduced octane requirement increase is attained by addition of, as additive, a poly(oxyethylene) poly(oxypropylene) poly(oxyethylene) polyol.

Abstract: Slurry composition comprising a solid fuel powder, water and a compound having in its molecule a tricyclodecane or tricyclodecene skeleton and a sulfonic acid group attached to the skeleton.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel borate esters synthesized from 2,2'-thiobis(alkylphenols) and thiobis(alkylnaphthols) which when incorporated into various hydrocarbyl lubricant compositions impart improved resistance to oxidation and concomitantly control the acidity and viscosity of such compositions.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon oils containing, as a pour point depressant, a copolymer of an alkyl acrylate, the alkyl group of which contains about 12 to 40 carbon atoms and an vinylidene olefin having about at least 16 carbon atoms, the copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of about 1,000 to 100,000.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyalkylenes which contain both halogen and ester groups, to the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof as pour depressants for fuel oils. This invention also relates to polyalkylene esters.

Abstract: An improved method of making reconstituted tobacco using a dry-forming process. Fiberized tobacco stems and scrap are combined with tobacco material of a fine particle size. The resulting tobacco mixture is conveyed in an airstream and deposited on a moving foraminous surface. An adhesive is incorporated into or applied to the web bonding the tobacco particles into a coherent sheet, and the sheet is dried if necessary. The dried sheet may be divided into leaflets or shredded for further processing as reconstituted tobacco. In preferred embodiments, cellulose fibers are mixed with the tobacco particles prior to web formation to impart increased sheet strength. In a further embodiment tobacco fines are mixed with the adhesive and applied to the web in the adhesive composition. Results obtained by means of the present invention include cost savings particularly in terms of reduced capital costs.

Abstract: Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) an organosilicon compound.Also described are additive mixtures of (i) and (ii) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.

Abstract: This invention provides smoking compositions which contain a .beta.-hydroxy-.gamma.-ketoester compound as a flavorant-release additive.In one of its embodiments, this invention provides tobacco compositions which contain a flavorant-release additive such as dodecyl 3-hydroxy-2,2,3-trimethyl-4-oxopentanoate: ##STR1## Under cigarette smoking conditions the above illustrated .beta.-hydroxy-.gamma.-keto ester pyrolyzes into 2,3-butanedione and other products which enhance the flavor of the mainstream smoke and the aroma of sidestream smoke.

Abstract: A water-containing fuel boiling in the gasoline boiling range, such as gasoline or gasohol, is contacted with a substantially saturated aqueous solution of potassium fluoride (or carbonate) plus solid potassium fluoride (or carbonate) and dry fuel is recovered.

Abstract: This invention provides smoking compositions which contain a dioxane diester compound as a flavorant additive.In one of its embodiments, this invention provides tobacco compositions which contain a dioxane diester flavorant additive such as 2,5-bis(3-methylvaleryloxy)-1,4-dioxane: ##STR1## Under cigarette smoking conditions the above illustrated dioxane diester pyrolyzes into 3-methylvaleric acid and other products which enhance the flavor of the mainstream smoke and the aroma of sidestream smoke.

Abstract: Conductivity of a low flash point diesel fuel containing diluent naphtha is increased by addition thereto of an amyl alcohol, typically a fusel oil.

Abstract: A composition in the form of a dispersion or a slurry, which comprises an aqueous medium, a finely divided pitch, and a specific dispersant of an amount sufficient for maintaining the pitch in the dispersed state. The dispersant is selected from (A) a compound of the formula shown below, (B) a polymeric material obtained by crosslinking the compound (A) with a crosslinking agent, (C) a salt of the sulfuric ester of the compound (A) and (D) a salt of the sulfuric ester of the polymeric material (B). The compound (A) is expressed as follows:Z--(Y--X).sub.pwherein Z is an organic radical capable of forming, together with p number of hydrogen atom, an active hydrogen-containing organic compound of the formula Z--(H).sub.p where H is the active hydrogen and p is a positive integer; Y is a polyoxyalkylene group consisting essentially of a plurality of monomer units, the monomer unit being at least one member selected from an ethylene oxide monomer unit (--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.

Abstract: Borates of certain etherdiamines are provided. These compounds give excellent results when tested in lubricants as friction reducing antioxidants or antirust additives.

Abstract: An additive concentrate for incorporation into wax containing petroleum fuel oil compositions to improve low temperature flow properties comprising an oil solution containing:(a) 3% to 90 wt. % of a C.sub.30 -C.sub.300 oil-soluble nitrogen compound wax crystal growth inhibitor having at least one straight C8-C40 alkyl chain and partial esters,and(b) at least one mole per mole of (a) of an organic acid capable of hydrogen bonding with (a) to improve the solubility of (a) in the oil.

Abstract: Molten pitch, such as obtained in petroleum refining, is comminuted as such in the presence of water to obtain coarse pitch particles solidified during the comminution by contact with the water. The coarse pitch particles are further pulverized in the presence of water and, preferably, a dispersant to form a slurry containing the finely pulverized pitch particles dispersed in the water.

Abstract: An anti-corrosion additive composition for motor fuels containing a minor amount (i.e., from 1 to 10%) of a short chain aliphatic alcohol that is prepared by reacting substantially equal molar amounts of maleic anhydride and a hydrocarbon-substituted mono primary amine or hydrocarbon-substituted mono primary ether amine to produce a maleamic acid intermediate reaction product followed by (b) reacting said intermediate product of (a) with a substantially equal molar amount of a heterocyclic selected from the group consisting of 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol or benzotriazole, said hydrocarbon-substituted mono primary amine being represented by the formula:R--NH.sub.

Abstract: Transition metal complexes of thiobis(alkylphenols) provide an increase in the research octane number of fuels suitable for use in internal combustion engines.