Abstract: A system having a catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) reactor to produce, from a CPO reactant mixture, a CPO reactor effluent characterized by a hydrogen to carbon monoxide (H2/CO) molar ratio and a M ratio defined as (H2?CO2)/(CO+C=2). The system includes a water-gas shift (WGS) reactor configured to produce a hydrogen enriched reactor effluent from at least a portion of the CPO reactor effluent, wherein the hydrogen enriched reactor effluent is characterized by a H2/CO molar ratio that is greater than the H2/CO molar ratio of the CPO reactor effluent. The system includes a CO2 separator operable to remove a portion of the CO2 from the hydrogen enriched reactor effluent to yield the syngas, wherein the syngas is characterized by a M ratio that is greater than the M ratio of the CPO reactor effluent and of the hydrogen enriched reactor effluent. Processes for producing the syngas and producing methanol therefrom are also provided.

Abstract: A processed wafer includes an outer surface, and a treated portion having a depth of 0 to 50 ?m measured from the outer surface. At least a part of the treated portion has an oxygen concentration of less than 13 wt %. A method for processing a wafer includes the steps of: applying a reducing medium on the wafer, the reducing medium is in powder form and including a reducing agent, and at least one of a catalyst and a releasing agent; subjecting the wafer to a reduction reaction at a temperature below Curie temperature of the and under a non-oxidizing atmosphere so as to obtain the aforesaid processed wafer.

Abstract: Provided is a nanodiamond dispersion composition having excellent dispersibility of nanodiamond particles in an organic dispersion medium even when the organic dispersion medium has a small SP value. The nanodiamond dispersion composition according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an organic dispersion medium, nanodiamond particles dispersed in the organic dispersion medium, and a fatty acid ester dispersing agent. The fatty acid ester dispersing agent preferably has a mass loss rate of 20% or less when held in an air atmosphere at a temperature of 200° C. for 180 minutes. The fatty acid ester dispersing agent preferably has an acid value of 40 mgKOH/g or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wire made of platinum group metals for producing grid catalysts comprising platinum and rhodium. The invention is characterized in that the wire is made as a sheathed wire and consists of a core and one or more sheaths arranged one over the other outwards from the core in a radially symmetrical manner, and the rhodium concentration in the outermost sheath is lower than the rhodium concentration in the sheath or core arranged directly under the outermost sheath.

Abstract: A CuMg0.5Mn1.5O4/CuO nanocomposite material includes a cubic CuMg0.5Mn1.5O4 crystalline phase; a monoclinic CuO crystalline phase; and a monoclinic CuO crystalline phase. The average crystallite size of the CuMg0.5Mn1.5O4/CuO nanocomposite material is in a range from 50 to 90 nm.

Abstract: Irradiating a film of a thiophene polymer that is a pure organic compound with light allows the thiophene polymer film to act as a light absorber and catalyst that produces hydrogen peroxide from water and water-dissolved air (oxygen) at extremely high efficiency, and this film can work in alkaline water in which a film of a general-purpose inexpensive water-oxidizing catalyst, which is used as a counter electrode, is active. Provided is an environmentally compatible and simple method for producing hydrogen peroxide at extremely high efficiency, including combining a film of a catalyst for light absorption and oxygen reduction that consists of a thiophene polymer with a catalyst for water oxidation, immersing the combination in alkaline water, and irradiating the light-absorbing oxygen reduction catalyst film with light.

Abstract: A method of controlling aphid pests including exposing the aphid pests on a host plant to a pest-controlling effective amount of a compound of formula (I):

Abstract: Disclosed in the present disclosure is a method for producing hydrogen from woody waste through staged pyrolysis and catalytic gasification. The method includes: performing baking pretreatment on the woody waste; thermally activating aluminum smelting waste residues, and mixing the thermally activated aluminum smelting waste residues with the baked woody waste; pyrolyzing and gasifying the mixture for hydrogen production to obtain primary pyrolysis gas and a carbon-aluminum composite material; and further catalytically cracking the obtained primary pyrolysis gas by taking the obtained carbon-aluminum composite material as a catalyst.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a noble gas hydride having the following formula 1: NgnHm. In formula 1, Ng represents a noble gas atom, n represents an integer from 1-8, and m represents an integer from 1-46.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a catalyst material includes the steps of: providing a body having an open-porous foam structure and comprising at least a first metal or alloy; providing particles, each of which particles comprising at least a second metal or alloy; distributing the particles on the body; forming a structural connection between each of at least a subset of the particles and the body; and forming an oxide film on at least the subset of the particles and the body, wherein the oxide film has a catalytically active surface.

Abstract: A method of producing ammonia includes heating, with a start-up oven, a first synthesis gas for a first ammonia synthesis in a first reactor; transferring the heated first synthesis gas to the first reactor for initiating a chemical reaction; heating, with the start-up oven, a second synthesis gas for a second ammonia synthesis in a second reactor; and transferring the heated second synthesis gas to the second reactor for initiating a chemical reaction, wherein a high-pressure synthesis of ammonia is carried out in the first reactor and a low-pressure synthesis of ammonia is carried out in the second reactor at a process pressure which is lower than the process pressure in the first reactor.

Abstract: Provided are a preparation method of a long-cycle modified graphite-based composite material and a lithium ion battery containing the material. The method including: (1) mixing a graphite material and a coating modifier; (2) placing the mixture into a self-pressurized reaction device, then placing the device in a heating apparatus to perform a self-pressurized impregnation experiment, during which temperature is controlled to increase in such a manner that the coating modifier is gradually liquefied after reaching a softening point, to completely impregnate the graphite material under self-pressurizing and to be distributed on a surface of the graphite material; (3) cooling; and (4) performing a heat treatment in an inert atmosphere to obtain the modified graphite-based composite material.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for concentrating and purifying an eluate brine and producing a purified lithium compound. An extraction eluate, rich in lithium, is directed to a nanofiltration unit or a softening process that removes sulfate and/or calcium and magnesium. Permeate from the nanofiltration unit or the effluent from the softening process is directed through an electrodialysis unit. As the lithium-rich solution moves through the electrodialysis unit, lithium, sodium and chloride ions pass from the solution through a cation-transfer membrane and an anion-transfer membrane to concentrate compartments. A dilute stream is directed through the concentrate compartments and collects the lithium, sodium and chloride ions. The electrodialysis unit also produces a product stream which contains non-ionized impurities, such as silica and/or boron. Concentrate from the electrodialysis unit is subject to a precipitation process that produces a lithium compound that is subsequently subjected to a purification process.

Abstract: A catalytic support for catalysis processes including a main body, at least one conduit made in said main body, said conduit having an inlet portion made on a first surface of said main body and an outlet portion made on a second surface of said main body, said first surface being opposite said second surface said main body includes a plurality of layers at least partially superposed and mutually adherent, said layers forming a plurality of recesses at the intersections and superposition of said layers, said recesses being configured to house particles of at least one catalyst element.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, pesticidal compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such pesticidal compositions against such pests. These pesticidal compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula One”).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparation of superabsorbent polymer with high fluid absorptivity. The present invention also relates to a composition comprising said superabsorbent polymer particles and their use for absorbing aqueous fluids, for example in the agricultural industry.

Abstract: A composite material is used for desulfurization. The composite material contains activated carbon, alkali metal oxides, silicon oxides, iron oxides, and rare earth element oxides. The weight ratio among the activated carbon, iron oxides and rare earth element oxides is 100:(0.5-5):(1-10). The composite material, used as a sulfur adsorbent, has a higher sulfur breakthrough capacity and desulfurization rate.

Abstract: Metal organic resins, composite materials composed of the metal organic resins, and anion exchange columns packed with the composite materials are provided. Also provided are methods of using the composite materials to remove metal anions from a sample, methods of using the metal organic resins as fluorescence sensors for detecting metal anions in a sample, and methods of making the metal organic resins and the composite materials. The metal organic resins are amine-functionalized metal organic frameworks and their associated counter anions. The composite materials are composed of metal organic resin particles coated with organic polymers, such as alginic acid polymers.

Abstract: Modified chemical structures of cardanol extracted from cashew nut shell oil, and the use of the same to prepare imidazolium ionic liquids (IILs). The IILs can be used to prepare different types of silica, magnetite and calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NPs) as multifunctional oilfield chemicals for use in various oil spill collection, de-emulsification, viscosity improvement, asphaltene dispersant, and enhanced oil recovery applications.

Abstract: The present invention manufactures titanium oxide particles that have a small degree of aggregation (size of aggregate particle diameter relative to primary particle diameter) and are not readily sintered by heating. The present invention has: a step in which an alkali and a solution including a carboxylic acid and a titanium (oxy)chloride are mixed, and the titanium (oxy)chloride is hydrolyzed by neutralization; and a step in which, after the hydrolysis by neutralization, the solution is heated to a temperature of 80° C. or more and 110° C. or less, and the titanium (oxy)chloride remaining in the solution is hydrolyzed by heating.