Abstract: A computer program product, according to one embodiment, includes a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith. The computer readable storage medium is not a transitory signal per se. Moreover, the program instructions are readable and/or executable by a controller to cause the controller to perform a method which includes: assigning data having a first heat to a first data stream, assigning data having a second heat to a second data stream, and writing the data streams simultaneously, in parallel, to page-stripes having a same index across a series of planes of memory. The writing of the first data stream begins at an opposite end of the series of planes as the writing of the second data stream, the writing of the streams being toward one another. Other systems, methods, and computer program products are described in additional embodiments.

Abstract: Read errors following programming in a multi-level non-volatile memory are mitigated by a controller of the non-volatile memory. The controller temporarily buffers, in a cache, pages of data programmed into the non-volatile memory. In response to receiving a read request for a target page of data programmed into the non-volatile memory, where the read request is received during a delay time affecting the target page, the controller services the read request by accessing data of the target page in the cache in response to the read request hitting in the cache. The controller instead services the read request from the non-volatile memory in response to the read request missing in the cache. When servicing the read request from the non-volatile memory, the controller preferably reads the target page from the non-volatile memory utilizing a set of read voltage thresholds determined based on the read-after-write delay.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, a controller of a non-volatile memory array including a plurality of subdivisions stores write data within the non-volatile memory array utilizing a plurality of block stripes of differing numbers of blocks, where all of the blocks within each block stripe are drawn from different ones of the plurality of subdivisions. The controller builds new block stripes for storing write data from blocks selected based on estimated remaining endurances of blocks in each of the plurality of subdivisions.

Abstract: A method, according to one embodiment, includes assigning data having a first heat to a first data stream, assigning data having a second heat to a second data stream, and writing the data streams in parallel to page-stripes having a same index across a series of planes of memory. Other systems, methods, and computer program products are described in additional embodiments.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, a controller of a non-volatile memory array including a plurality of subdivisions stores write data within the non-volatile memory array utilizing a plurality of block stripes of differing numbers of blocks, where all of the blocks within each block stripe are drawn from different ones of the plurality of subdivisions. The controller builds new block stripes for storing write data from blocks selected based on estimated remaining endurances of blocks in each of the plurality of subdivisions.

Abstract: A flash memory codeword architecture is provided. A non-integer count of logical pages is packed into a codeword payload data container. A codeword payload header is generated. The codeword payload header includes an offset to a first logical page that is packed, at least in part, into the codeword payload data container. The codeword payload data container and the codeword payload header are concatenated to generate a codeword payload. Error-correcting code data is generated based, at least in part, on the codeword payload using a systematic error-correcting code. The codeword payload and error-correcting code data is concatenated to generate a codeword. A physical page is programmed with the codeword.

Abstract: A mechanism is provided in a non-volatile memory controller for reducing read access latency by straddling pages across non-volatile memory channels. Responsive to a request to write a logical page to a non-volatile memory array, the non-volatile memory controller determines whether the logical page fits into a current physical page. Responsive to determining the logical page does not fit into the current physical page, the non-volatile memory controller writes a first portion of the logical page to a first physical page in a first block and writes a second portion of the logical page to a second physical page in a second block. The first physical page and the second physical page are on different non-volatile memory channels.

Abstract: Decisions about how to correlate logical address to physical addresses in a flash memory (or other non-volatile random access memory) is based at least in part upon how frequently a logical address is accessed over time. Accordingly, software tracks accesses, by logical address, to the stored data using a flash memory metadata structure, and calculates a frequency-of-access value for each logical address of the set of logical addresses corresponding to the relative frequency with which the corresponding logical address is accessed, based, at least in part, on the flash memory metadata structure. For example, logical addresses with low frequency may be grouped together so that the frequency of erasure operations (which are often done on a block by block basis) will tend to be reduced.

Abstract: A controller-implemented method, according to one embodiment, includes: examining, by the controller, each of a plurality of journal entries from at least one journal beginning with a most recent one of the journal entries in a most recent one of the at least one journal and working towards an oldest one of the journal entries in an oldest one of the at least one journal, the journal entries corresponding to one or more updates made to one or more logical to physical table (LPT) entries of a LPT; determining, by the controller, whether a current LPT entry, which corresponds to a currently examined journal entry, has already been updated; and discarding, by the controller, the currently examined journal entry in response to determining that the current LPT entry has already been updated.

Abstract: A computer program product according to one embodiment includes a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith. The program instructions are executable by a processing circuit to cause the circuitry to perform a method including determining, after writing data to a non-volatile memory block, one or more delta threshold voltage shift (TVS?) values. One or more overall threshold voltage shift values for the data written to the non-volatile memory block are calculated, the values being a function of the one or more TVS? values to be used when writing data to the non-volatile memory block. The overall threshold voltage shift values are stored. A base threshold voltage shift (TVSBASE) value, the one or more TVS? values, or both the TVSBASE value and the one or more TVS? values are re-calibrated during a background health check after a predetermined number of background health checks without calibration are performed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a computer program product includes a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith. The program instructions are executable by a processing circuit to cause the processing circuit to perform a method that includes determining, after writing data to a non-volatile memory block, one or more delta threshold voltage shift (TVS?) values. One or more overall threshold voltage shift values is calculated for the data written to the non-volatile memory block. The one or more overall threshold voltage shift values are stored. The method also includes reading one or more TVS values from a non-volatile controller memory, and resetting a program/erase cycle count since last calibration after calibrating the one or more overall threshold voltage shift values. The one or more TVS? values and the program/erase cycle count since last calibration are stored to the non-volatile controller memory.

Abstract: A controller-implemented method, according to one embodiment, includes: restoring a valid snapshot of a LPT from the non-volatile random access memory, examining each journal entry from at least one journal beginning with a most recent one of the journal entries in a most recent one of the at least one journal and working towards an oldest one of the journal entries in an oldest one of the at least one journal, the journal entries corresponding to updates made to one or more entries of the LPT, determining whether a current LPT entry which corresponds to a currently examined journal entry has already been updated, using the currently examined journal entry to update the current LPT entry in response to determining that the current LPT entry has not already been updated, and discarding the currently examined journal entry in response to determining that the current LPT entry has already been updated.

Abstract: A flash memory codeword architecture is provided. A non-integer count of logical pages is packed into a codeword payload data container. A codeword payload header is generated. The codeword payload header includes an offset to a first logical page that is packed, at least in part, into the codeword payload data container. The codeword payload data container and the codeword payload header are concatenated to generate a codeword payload. Error-correcting code data is generated based, at least in part, on the codeword payload using a systematic error-correcting code. The codeword payload and error-correcting code data is concatenated to generate a codeword. A physical page is programmed with the codeword.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a computer-implemented method includes determining, by a processor, after the writing of data to a non-volatile memory block, one or more delta threshold voltage shift (TVS?) values configured to track temporary changes with respect to changes in the underlying threshold voltage distributions due to retention and/or read disturb errors. One or more overall threshold voltage shift values is calculated for the data written to the non-volatile memory block, the one or more overall threshold voltage shift values being a function of the one or more TVS? values to be used when writing data to the non-volatile memory block. The one or more overall threshold voltage shift values are stored.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, a controller of a non-volatile memory array including a plurality of subdivisions stores write data within the non-volatile memory array utilizing a plurality of block stripes of differing numbers of blocks, where all of the blocks within each block stripe are drawn from different ones of the plurality of subdivisions. The controller builds new block stripes for storing write data from blocks selected based on estimated remaining endurances of blocks in each of the plurality of subdivisions.

Abstract: A system, according to one embodiment, includes: non-volatile memory; a non-volatile memory controller having a cache; and logic integrated with and/or executable by the non-volatile memory controller, the logic being configured to: retrieve a physical block address corresponding to a logic block address; extract information from the physical block address; perform a lookup operation in cache using the extracted information; perform a range check of the physical block address in response to the lookup operation succeeding; and read data from the cache in response to the range check succeeding. An architecture of the cache supports separation of data streams, in addition to supporting parallel writes to different non-volatile memory channels. The cache architecture also supports pipelining of the parallel writes to different non-volatile memory planes. The non-volatile memory controller is also configured to perform a direct memory lookup in the cache based on a physical block address.

Abstract: A flash memory codeword architecture is provided. A non-integer count of logical pages is packed into a codeword payload data container. A codeword payload header is generated. The codeword payload header includes an offset to a first logical page that is packed, at least in part, into the codeword payload data container. The codeword payload data container and the codeword payload header are concatenated to generate a codeword payload. Error-correcting code data is generated based, at least in part, on the codeword payload using a systematic error-correcting code. The codeword payload and error-correcting code data is concatenated to generate a codeword. A physical page is programmed with the codeword.

Abstract: A system according to one embodiment includes non-volatile memory, and a non-volatile memory controller having a cache. An architecture of the cache supports separation of data streams, and the cache architecture supports parallel writes to different non-volatile memory channels. Additionally, the cache architecture supports pipelining of the parallel writes to different non-volatile memory planes. Furthermore, the non-volatile memory controller is configured to perform a direct memory lookup in the cache based on a physical block address. Other systems, methods, and computer program products are described in additional embodiments.

Abstract: A technique for adapting over-provisioning space in a storage system includes determining one or more workload characteristics in the storage system. Over-provisioning space in the storage system is then adjusted to achieve a target write amplification for the storage system, based on the workload characteristics.

Abstract: A technique for garbage collection in a data storage system includes determining a dirty physical byte count for each of a plurality of candidate garbage collection units. The dirty physical byte count provides a total amount of dirty bytes. At least one of a dirty physical codeword container count and a dirty physical page count is determined for each of the candidate garbage collection units. The dirty physical codeword container count provides an amount of physical codeword containers that are completely dirty and the dirty physical page count provides an amount of physical pages that are completely dirty. A garbage collection unit, included in the candidate garbage collection units, is selected for garbage collection based on the dirty physical byte count and at least one of the dirty physical codeword container count and the dirty physical page count.