Abstract: A cermet cutting tool, and process for producing the same, comprising a substrate formed from titanium carbo-nitride based cermet, and a hard coating layer of average thickness 0.5.about.20 .mu.m, formed onto the surface of the cermet substrate comprising a lower layer formed from at least one layer of a compound selected from the group consisting of titanium carbide (TiC), titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbo-nitride (TiCN), titanium carbo-oxide (TiCO) and titanium carbo-oxi-nitride (TiCNO), and aluminum oxide (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3). Additionally, at least one of the layers comprising the hard coating layer is a titanium carbo-nitride layer, and at least one layer of this titanium carbo-nitride layer comprises a longitudinal growth crystal structure, and a further layer comprises a granular crystal structure. In the method of fabrication, chemical vapor deposition is performed using a reaction gas composed of 1.about.5% of TiCl.sub.4, 0.1.about.1% of CH.sub.3 CN, 0.about.25% of N.sub.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a tungsten carbide base cutting tools formed on sintered hard alloy substrate material. Multiple hard coatings are deposited on the Co-enriched surface layers of the substrate material, and a maximum value of the Co concentration in a layer occurs within a distance of 50 .mu.m of the external surface of the substrate material, and this surface layer region is referred to as the denuded zone because the surface region is substantially free of carbides, carbonitrides and nitrides of Ti, Ta, and Nb containing W. The multilayer coating consists of a primary coating of TiCN, a secondary coating of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and the surface coating consisting of at least one of TiCN and TiN. The interface between the substrate material and the primary coating is provided with a first intermediate coating consisting of TiN. The interface between the primary coating and the secondary coating is provided with a second intermediate coating consisting of at least one layer of TiC, TiCO and TiCNO.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a cermet cutting tool, and process for producing the same, comprising a substrate formed from titanium carbo-nitride based cermet, and a hard coating layer of average thickness 0.5.about.20 .mu.m, formed onto the surface of the cermet substrate comprising a lower layer formed from at least one layer of a compound selected from the group consisting of titanium carbide (TiC), titanium nitride (TIN), titanium carbo-nitride (TiCN), titanium carbo-oxide (TiCO) and titanium carbo-oxi-nitride (TiCNO), and aluminum oxide (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3). Additionally, at least one of the layers comprising the hard coating layer is a titanium carbo-nitride layer, and at least one layer of this titanium carbo-nitride layer comprises a longitudinal growth crystal structure.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a tungsten carbide base cutting tools formed on sintered hard alloy substrate material. Multiple hard coatings are deposited on the Co-enriched surface layers of the substrate material, and a maximum value of the Co concentration in a layer occurs within a distance of 50 .mu.m of the external surface of the substrate material, and this surface layer region is referred to as the denuded zone because the surface region is substantially free of carbides, carbonitrides and nitrides of Ti, Ta, and Nb containing W. The multilayer coating consists of a primary coating of TiCN, a secondary coating of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and the surface coating consisting of at least one of TiCN and TiN. The interface between the substrate material and the primary coating is provided with a first intermediate coating consisting of TiN. The interface between the primary coating and the secondary coating is provided with a second intermediate coating consisting of at least one layer of TiC, TiCO and TiCNO.

Abstract: A braking device for an elevator, wherein a cage moves along a guide rail. The braking device includes a wedge braking device a speed governor and a linking mechanism. The wedge braking device includes a resilient support member, a pair of wedge guides provided inside the resilient support member and a pair of wedges. Each wedge is provided between the guide rail and the wedge guides. The wedges are pressed against the guide rail by the wedge guides by biasing force generated by the resilient support member, thereby stopping the cage by a first frictional force resulted between the guide rail and the wedges. The wedge braking device further includes a releasing mechanism for releasing the resilient support member such that the wedges separate from the guide rail when releasing force is generated.

Abstract: A diagnosis arrangement for a vehicle engine controller includes a control arrangement which examines a signal identifying the activation of an auxiliary control system of the engine and which determines whether the auxiliary engine control system, which includes a device controlled by a particular control program selected from a plurality of programs stored therein, is actuated in a manner corresponding to the selected control program.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control apparatus for an internal combustion engine supplies an output signal from an O.sub.2 sensor detecting the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas to an electronic control unit having a microcomputer, and a control valve of the carburetor is controlled by a control signal from the microcomputer so as to control the air-fuel ratio in a feedback manner. A desired upper limit value is set for the control signal and, when the control signal exceeds this upper limit value in a transient operating condition of the engine, when its operating state is shifted from an idling state to a partial operating state, the microcomputer promptly changes the rich air-fuel ratio to a proper value.

Abstract: An exhaust gas reflux apparatus for an internal combustion engine. This apparatus comprises an EGR regulating valve to control the amount of exhaust gas which is refluxed into an intake system of the engine, an ignition coil to detect the rotating speed of the engine; a shift switch to detect the gear position of the change gear; a negative pressure change-over valve arranged in a negative pressure passage; and a control circuit which discriminates a high-speed and high-load operating state of the engine when the rotating speed is over a set speed and the change gear is at a set gear position on the high speed side on the basis of the detection signals from the ignition coil and shift switch. The control circuit controls the change-over valve to stop the reflux of the exhaust gas after expiration of a set time period when the high-load operating state is detected. The EGR regulating valve is thus not subjected to a high temperature for in excess of the set time period.

Abstract: In a method of controlling an air-fuel ratio for an internal combustion engine, a control section feedback-controls an electronically controlled carburetor in response to a signal from an O.sub.2 sensor which detects the concentration of O.sub.2 in the exhaust gas. When the O.sub.2 sensor outputs a rich signal for a predetermined time period after the air-fuel ratio is leaned upon deceleration of the engine, the rich air-fuel ratio is instantaneously and forcibly leaned by the control section in order to rapidly return it to a proper value. Thereafter, ordinary feedback control is resumed. With this method, the quantity of harmful exhaust gas components such as CO or the like can be reduced without making the operational performance of the engine deteriorate.