Abstract: A D.C. voltage from a D.C. power source portion is switched at a predetermined duty and oscillation frequency by a switching element in accordance with a high-frequency pulse from a pulse generating circuit. After the resulting output current is smoothed by a smoothing circuit, the smoothed current is supplied to a discharge lamp. The pulse generating circuit operates so that the duty is controlled in accordance with an output from a current controlling circuit which operates in accordance with a feedback signal from a current detecting resistor, and an oscillation frequency is temporarily held high in accordance with an output from a pulse frequency-changing circuit which operates in accordance with a frequency command (Cf) outputted for a partial period, t, of time within a period, T, of time for display a green display color.

Abstract: A superconducting circuit includes a first transformer to produce a first alternating-current output at a secondary-side inductor, a second transformer to produce a second alternating-current output at a secondary-side inductor, a first pulse generating circuit to produce a single flux quantum pulse responsive to the first alternating-current output, a second pulse generating circuit to produce a single flux quantum pulse responsive to the second alternating-current output, and a confluence buffer circuit to merge the single flux quantum pulses from the pulse generating circuits, wherein each of the pulse generating circuits includes a superconducting loop including the secondary-side inductor, a first Josephson junction situated in the superconducting loop to generate the single flux quantum pulse, and a second Josephson junction situated in the superconducting loop, a threshold value of the second Josephson junction for an electric current flowing through the secondary-side inductor being different from tha

Abstract: The invention relates to a structure for producing castings, which comprises an organic fiber, carbon fiber, inorganic particles, and at least one kind of thermosetting resin selected from the group consisting of phenol resin, epoxy resin and furan resin.

Abstract: A method of improving a semiconductor substrate including a SiGe film on a Si or SOI substrate is provided. The method includes determining a relationship between a film condition of the SiGe film and a hydrogen ion implantation condition used in making the SiGe film so as to achieve relaxation of lattice distortion in the SiGe film as well as improved crystallinity and/or surface condition of the SiGe film, so that improved conditions for improving quality of the SiGe film on the Si or SOI substrate can be determined.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member having high durability and hardly causing sensitivity decrease even if short wavelength light, particularly light having a wavelength of 380 to 450 nm is used as exposure light, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus having the electrophotographic photosensitive member. The present invention includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a support and a photosensitive layer which is provided on the support and contains a charge generation material and a charge transport material, characterized in that the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid polyester resin with a weight average molecular weight of 80,000 or more having a specific repeating structural unit, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus having the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: A focus servo apparatus for an optical disc apparatus including an objective lens to converge laser beam on an information recording surface of an optical disc, and an actuator to move the objective lens in a focusing direction crossing the information recording surface, the focus servo apparatus comprising: a retaining unit configured to retain control data for driving the actuator; and a setting unit configured to set the control data retained by the retaining unit as initial data for driving the actuator, in the case of driving the actuator, to detect a position of the objective lens where the laser beam is focused on the information recording surface, as a target position when performing focus servo.

Abstract: A hot-press cushion material is a complex comprising paper formed of a fiber material and a rubber impregnated in the paper, and the volume ratio between the fiber material and the rubber is within a range of 1/1.5 to 1/7.5, and the void ratio in the complex is within a range of 60 to 90%.

Abstract: A combined AD/DA converting apparatus carrying out AD conversion of an analog input signal to output a converted digital signal or carrying out DA conversion of a digital input signal to output a converted analog signal based on a conversion selection signal for selecting AD conversion or DA conversion comprises an input signal selection circuit configured to select one analog signal out of a plurality of analog input signals to be output based on an input selection signal; an input sample hold circuit configured to sample and hold the analog input signal output from the input signal selection circuit; a DA converter configured to convert a digital signal into an analog signal to be output; a comparator circuit configured to output a comparison signal that indicates a size relation between the analog input signal output from the input sample hold circuit and the analog signal output from the DA converter; a sequential comparison register configured to define sequentially each place of a digital signal stored

Abstract: A superconducting circuit includes a first transformer to produce a first alternating-current output at a secondary-side inductor, a second transformer to produce a second alternating-current output at a secondary-side inductor, a first pulse generating circuit to produce a single flux quantum pulse responsive to the first alternating-current output, a second pulse generating circuit to produce a single flux quantum pulse responsive to the second alternating-current output, and a confluence buffer circuit to merge the single flux quantum pulses from the pulse generating circuits, wherein each of the pulse generating circuits includes a superconducting loop including the secondary-side inductor, a first Josephson junction situated in the superconducting loop to generate the single flux quantum pulse, and a second Josephson junction situated in the superconducting loop, a threshold value of the second Josephson junction for an electric current flowing through the secondary-side inductor being different from tha

Abstract: A circuit includes a latch circuit including a Josephson junction and configured to perform a latch operation based on a hysteresis characteristic in response to a single flux quantum, a load circuit including load inductance and load resistance and coupled to an output of the latch circuit, and a reset circuit provided between the output of the latch circuit and the load circuit and configured to reset the latch circuit a predetermined time after the latch operation by the latch circuit, wherein the Josephson junction is driven by a direct current.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product that have a graphical user interface capable of easily generating different kinds of items on a canvas by a user by operation of a mouse pointer on the canvas without requiring movement of the mouse pointer between a palette and the canvas are disclosed. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention a system is provided which comprises displaying means to display a pointer and a positional reference on a display screen; input means to accept an operation by a user; and control means to control a position and a function of the pointer on the display screen in response to the operation; wherein the control means determines the function of the pointer according to a distance between the position of the pointer and the positional reference.

Abstract: A vulcanized fluoro rubber is provided by vulcanizing a composition comprising 100 parts by mass of mixture in which a raw fluoro rubber (A) in which appropriate amount of vulcanizing agent has been previously compounded and a raw fluoro rubber (B) in which the vulcanizing agent is not compounded are mixed at a rate of 8/2 to 3/7, 1 to 10 parts by mass of an acid acceptor and 0 to 5 parts by mass of another compounding agent which is compounded as needed. Number average molecular weight of each of the raw fluoro rubber (A) and the raw fluoro rubber (B) is 3.5×104 to 2.0×105.

Abstract: An electrophotographic apparatus adopts a contact development system as a development system, which hardly causes toner fusion, and which hardly causes fogging in an output image; and a process cartridge is detachably attached to a main body of the electrophotographic apparatus. Specifically, provided are: an electrophotographic apparatus equipped with an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a surface layer containing a diorganopolysiloxane having a specific repeating structural unit; and a process cartridge that is detachably attached to a main body of the electrophotographic apparatus.

Abstract: A circuit includes a latch circuit including a Josephson junction and configured to perform a latch operation based on a hysteresis characteristic in response to a single flux quantum, a load circuit including load inductance and load resistance and coupled to an output of the latch circuit, and a reset circuit provided between the output of the latch circuit and the load circuit and configured to reset the latch circuit a predetermined time after the latch operation by the latch circuit, wherein the Josephson junction is driven by a direct current.

Abstract: A process for producing spherical composite cured melamine resin particles excellent in water resistance, in which colloidal silica is localized near the surface thereof, comprising (a) a step of reacting a melamine compound with an aldehyde compound in an aqueous medium under a basic condition in the presence of a suspension of colloidal silica having an average particle size of 5 to 70 nm to produce an aqueous solution of a precondensate of water-soluble melamine resin; and (b) a step of adding an acid catalyst to the aqueous solution produced in the step (a) to separate out spherical composite cured melamine resin particles.

Abstract: A filter circuit has an input terminal which is input with a first current, and which is coupled with a first node, capacitor, of which one terminal is coupled with the first node, of which the other terminal is coupled with a second node, and which integrates the first current and outputs voltage, a transconductance means, of which one terminal is coupled with the first node, of which another terminal is coupled with the second node, of which the other terminal is coupled with a third node, and which outputs a second current being proportional to the voltage to the third node and an output terminal which is coupled with the first node, and which outputs the voltage.

Abstract: A clustering disk subsystem comprising a switch holding a table which can modify a destination of a request from a host computer, wherein the switch transfers an access request to another channel according to a destination channel status such as heavy load or fault, and the channel which received the request processes the request by proxy for load balancing between internal disk controllers in a clustering disk subsystem. The subsystem has an effect in which load balancing or fail-over between channels or disk controllers can be performed without any special hardware or software in the host. As a result, good performance can be obtained even when access requests from the host computer are concentrated in a specific channel or disk controller.

Abstract: The disclosed invention allows the user to move to an area to which the user desires to display in a page to which the user desires to move by a single manipulation and to allow next page/preceding page operation to be done only by a mouse operation. An area displayed on the main screen 50 is displayed on the sub-screen 51 of a reduced image of the page which is currently displayed on the main screen 50 with a rectangular view frame 60. Dragging the view frame 60 by a mouse within the page causes the display area in the main screen to move in real time. Dragging the view frame of the sub-screen 51 to a neighboring page causes the view frame 60 to be moved in the moved sub-screen. Dropping the view frame at the place on the neighboring sub-screen to which the view frame 60 moved causes the main screen to be switched to that page to display the place indicated by the view frame in the main screen.

Abstract: There is provided a superconducting multi-stage sigma-delta modulator including a first superconducting sigma-delta modulator having a first integrator and a first comparator and outputting a sigma-delta modulated signal and a second superconducting sigma-delta modulator having a second integrator and a second comparator and outputting a sigma-delta modulated signal. The first integrator and the second integrator are magnetically coupled.

Abstract: A signal compensation circuit compensates for direct-current offset of an input signal by amplifying the input signal with an amplifier having a variable direct-current offset. A low-speed negative feedback loop charges and discharges a capacitor in an integrating circuit according to the direct-current component of the amplified signal. A high-speed negative feedback loop charges and discharges the same capacitor at a faster rate when the amplified signal goes outside an allowable amplitude range. The capacitor potential is used to control the direct-current offset of the amplifier. The allowable amplitude range is adjusted according to the amplitude of the amplified signal. High-speed compensation can thus be combined with a tolerance for runs of identical code levels in the input signal.