Abstract: Fungicidal pyridyl-substituted acrylic esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents alkyl or represents optionally substituted aralkyl,R.sup.2 represents dialkylanino or represents a radical --Z--R.sup.3,X represents oxygen or sulphur or represents a radical ##STR2## and Py represents optionally substituted pyridyl, whereR.sup.3 represents alkyl or represents optionally substituted aralkyl,R.sup.4 represents hydrogen, alkyl or alkanoyl or represents in each case optionally substituted aralkyl or aryl andZ represents oxygen or sulphur, their geometric isomers and isomer mixtures.

Abstract: Aromatic amines which are substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy in the p-position are prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of the underlying aromatic nitro compounds in a reaction medium comprising sulphuric acid and a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alcohol by a Bamberger type rearrangement at elevated temperature, advantageously by carrying out the catalytic hydrogenation under elevated pressure.

Abstract: N-acylated p-amino-phenols can be prepared by catalytical hydrogenation of the underlying aromatic nitro compounds in a reaction medium of aqueous sulfuric acid in the sense of a Bamberger type reaction at elevated temperature, optionally in the presence of a water-miscible organic solvent, and subsequent reaction of this reaction mixture with an acid chloride, optionally in the presence of an acid binder and optionally in the presence of a diluent.

Abstract: Fungicidal and insecticidal substituted-heteroycylacrylic esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents alkyl, or represents unsubstituted- or substituted aralkyl,R.sup.2a represents hydrogen, dialkylamino, alkoxy or alkylthio, or represents in each case unsubstituted or substituted aralkyloxy or arylalkylthio, andR.sup.

Abstract: Dialkyl carbonates can be prepared by reaction of carbon monoxide with alkyl nitrites in a continuous gas phase reaction, in which a platinum metal catalyst of oxidic or hydroxidic compounds of elements from group Vb of the Periodic Table (Mendeleev) as supports and, if desired, addition of an antimony, bismuth, aluminium, copper, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, tin, iron, cobalt, nickel compound or a mixture of a plurality thereof on this catalyst are used, and the hydrogen halide which is discharged from the reactor together with the reaction mixture is batchwise or continuously replaced in the course of the reaction. This results in the formation of dialkyl carbonates in almost quantitative selectivity; the corresponding dialkyl oxalates can, in most cases, not be detected.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of dialkyl carbonates by oxidative carbonylation of the corresponding alcohol in the presence of a copper-containing catalyst at elevated temperature and elevated pressure, which process permits simple separation of the copper-containing catalyst by sedimentation, and of the reaction water in the case of methanol by simple distillation from the reaction solution.

Abstract: Insecticidal and fungicidal substituted 2-[6-(pyrimidinyl)-indol-1-yl]-acrylic esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents alkyl, or represents optionally substituted aralkyl,R.sup.2 represents dialkylamino, alkoxy or alkylthio, or represents in each case optionally substituted aralkyloxy or arylalkylthio,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 in each case independently of one another represent hydrogen, cyano, halogen or alkyl,R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.8 represent hydrogen or other radicals, andR.sup.7 represents optionally substituted pyrimidinyl. The corresponding acetic acid esters are also active.

Abstract: Fungicidal substituted acrylic esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, alkyl or alkenyl, or represents in each case optionally substituted aralkyl, aralkenyl, aryl or heteroaryl,R.sup.2 represents halogen, cyano, nitro, formyl, halogenoalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkylthioalkyl, or represents hydroximinoalkyl, alkoximinoalkyl, N-alkyliminoalkyl, N-aryliminoalkyl or N,N-dialkylhydrazonoalkyl, or represents alkoxy, alkylthio, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio, or represents aryloxy or arylthio, or represents alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, N,N-dialkylcarbamoyl or heterocyclylcarbonyl,R.sup.3 represents alkyl, or represents optionally substituted aralkyl,R.sup.4 represents dialkylamino or represents a radical --Z--R.sup.5,X represents oxygen or sulphur andY represents oxygen or sulphur or represents a radical ##STR2## where R.sup.5 represents alkyl or represents optionally substituted aralkyl,R.sup.

Abstract: Fungicidal pyridinylpyrimidines of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, halogen, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogenoalkyl, amino or dialkylamino, where, in the case of dialkylamino, the two radicals may, together with the nitrogen to which they are bonded, form a 5- to 7-membered, saturated or unsaturated ring which optionally contains a further hetero atom and which is optionally substituted by 1 or 2 alkyl groups; orR.sup.1 represents in each case optionally substituted aryloxy, arylthio, aralkyloxy or aralkylthio,R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independent of one another and are identical or different and in each case represent hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, halogenoalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or alkoxycarbonyl,orR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together represent anaylene chain having 3 to 6 carbon atoms which are linked via the ring positions 3 and 4 or 4 and 5,R.sup.

Abstract: Dialkyl carbonates can be prepared by reacting carbon monoxide with alkyl nitrites over a modified platinum metal supported catalyst at an elevated temperature in a continuous gas phase reaction, the reaction being carried out with the exclusion of additional oxidizing substances and, if appropriate, the presence of a lower alcohol.

Abstract: Dialkyl carbonates can be prepared by reaction of carbon monoxide with alkyl nitrites in continuous gas phase reaction, in which a platinum metal halide catalyst on aluminum oxides, aluminum oxide hydrates or aluminum hydroxides as support and, if desired, an additive comprising an antimony, bismuth, aluminum, copper, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, tin, iron, cobalt, nickel compound or a mixture of a plurality thereof on this catalyst are used and hydrogen halide is replaced during the course of the reaction batchwise or continuously in at least the amount which is discharged from the reactor together with the reaction mixture. This results in the formation of dialkyl carbonates in almost quantitative selectivity, while the corresponding dialkyl oxalates can not in most cases be detected. The abovementioned supports are characterized by a BET surface area of more than 1 m.sup.2 /g.

Abstract: Dialkyl carbonates can be prepared in a continuous manner by transesterification of ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate with alcohols in the presence of a catalyst in a column equipped with packing or baffles, by passing the reactants in countercurrent such that the ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate are metered into the upper part of the column and the alcohol is metered into the lower part of the column and the catalyst is arranged as a fixed bed in the column or is also metered into the upper part of the column in solution or suspension, the dialkyl carbonate formed, if appropriate as a mixture with alcohol, being removed at the top of the column and the ethylene glycol or propylene glycol formed from the ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate being removed at the foot of the column, if appropriate together with the catalyst.

Abstract: There are described new pyrimidyl-substituted acrylic esters of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which Py, X, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the meaning given in the description, a process for their preparation, and new intermediates.The compounds of the formula (I) are used as pesticides.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of dialkyl carbonates is described in which an alkylene carbonate is first formed from alkylene oxides and CO.sub.2 and this alkylene carbonate is then transesterified with alkanols. Both reaction steps are carried out in the presence of a bifunctional catalyst of the formula[A.sub.a -X.sub.b ].sub.m .multidot.[B.sub.c Y.sub.d ].sub.n (I)wherein A, B, X, Y and the indices a, b, c, d, m and n have the meaning indicated in the description.

Abstract: There is described a new process for the preparation of substituted 3-aminoacrylic esters of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, X and n have the meaning given in the description.The 3-aminoacrylic esters of the formula (I) are obtained by reacting acetic esters of the formula (II)R.sup.1 --(X).sub.n --CH.sub.2 --COOR.sup.

Abstract: Pesticidal substituted acrylic esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents alkyl, or represents unsubstituted or substituted aralkyl,R.sup.2 represents dialkylamino, or represents a radical --Z--R.sup.3,R.sup.3 represents alkyl, or represents unsubstituted or substituted aralkyl,Z represents oxygen or sulphur,A represents ##STR2## where n represents a number from 0 to 6,R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 in each case independently of one another represent alkyl, or together represent an alkylene chain having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, andR.sup.6 represents alkyl, or represents a radical ##STR3## where R.sup.7 represents alkyl, alkoxy or dialkylamino,B represents the group CH--R.sup.8 or, whereR.sup.9 represents unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aralkyl, aryl or hetaryl, andR and Q independently of one another represent hydrogen, alkyl, halogenoalkyl or alkoxy.

Abstract: Insecticidal and fungicidal substituted 2-[6-(pyrimidinyl)-indol-1-yl]-acrylic esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents alkyl, or represents optionally substituted aralkyl,R.sup.2 represents dialkylamino, alkoxy or alkylthio, or represents in each case optionally substituted aralkyloxy or arylalkylthio,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 in each case independently of one another represent hydrogen, cyano, halogen, or alkyl,R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.8 represent hydrogen or other radicals, andR.sup.7 represents optionally substituted pyrimidinyl.The corresponding acetic acid esters are also active.

Abstract: Fungicidal and insecticidal substituted-heterocyclacrylic esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents alkyl, or represents unsubstituted or substituted aralkyl,R.sup.2a represents hydrogen, dialkylamino, alkoxy or alkylthio, or represents in each case unsubstituted or substituted aralkyloxy or arylalkylthio, andR.sup.

Abstract: Fungicidal acetic acid esters of the formula ##STR1## in which A.sup.1 is an optionally substituted phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, thienyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, thiazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, phenoxy, phenylacetylenyl or phenylethylenyl radical, andA.sup.2 and A.sup.3 each is a lower alkyl radical.

Abstract: Fungicidal substituted acrylic acid esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another each stand for hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl or for in each case optionally substituted aralkyl, aralkenyl, aryl or heteroaryl,R.sup.3 stands for alkyl or for optionally substituted aralkyl,R.sup.4 stands for dialkylamino or for a radical --Z--R.sup.5,X stands for oxygen or sulphur andY stands for oxygen, sulphur or for a radical ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 stands for alkyl or for optionally substituted aralkyl,R.sup.6 stands for hydrogen, alkyl, alkanoyl or for in each case optionally substituted aralkyl or aryl andZ stands for oxygen or sulphur.Some intermediates are also new.