Abstract: The present disclosure relates to converting equilibrium-limited reactions. Various embodiments may include methods and apparatus for such reactions, such as a method for converting equilibrium-limited reactions comprising: delivering a catalyst material to a reaction zone of a reactor; delivering starting materials into the reaction zone; reacting the materials to form a product; introducing a sorbent into the reactor; taking up the products with the sorbent; and collecting the sorbent once it is loaded with products in a collection zone of the reactor. In some embodiment, the reaction zone is separated from the collection zone in the reactor.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to chemical synthesis. Various embodiments of the teachings thereof may include the synthesis of methanol, generated from hydrogen and a carbonaceous gas. For example, a method may include: compressing gaseous starting materials to an operating pressure of at least 200 bar; supplying the starting materials to a synthesis reactor; removing a product mixture from the synthesis reactor in a liquid state; withdrawing mechanical energy from the product mixture by reducing a pressure of the product mixture; and using the mechanical energy to compress the gaseous starting materials.

Abstract: A method for making a flow conducting unit cool down more slowly where the flow conducting unit has a holding unit and is penetrated by a heat transfer medium, the temperature of the heat transfer medium is reduced such that a wall of the flow conducting unit cools down, and the holding unit dissipates thermal energy such that the wall cools down more slowly.

Abstract: A method for operating a steam turbine plant including a steam turbine and a steam generator allows a power reserve to be provided whilst simultaneously maintaining a high level of efficiency in the normal mode of operation. The steam turbine plant includes a heat reservoir which is associated with the steam turbine, from which the steam is removed and is fed to the steam turbine. The steam is fed to the steam turbine when the steam generator is not in operation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to chemical synthesis. The teachings thereof may be embodied in methods for chemical synthesis and/or reactors for synthesis. The teaching may increase the conversion of equilibrium-limited reactions in a single pass through a synthesis reactor. For example, a method may include: introducing a synthesis reactant into a reaction chamber with a prevailing pressure p1; forming a synthesis product; discharging the product and any unreacted reactant; separating the product from the unreacted reactant; and introducing the unreacted reactant into a second reaction chamber with a prevailing pressure p2 lower than the pressure p1.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for operating a steam turbine plant in combination with a thermal water treatment plant having a first condenser for condensing raw water from exhaust gas of a steam turbine, an evaporator for operation with raw water and air, wherein transfers of material and heat occur in the evaporator, a tank for receiving the raw water with increased concentrations of impurities, a second condenser for condensing the pure water from the air downstream of the evaporator, and at least one steam turbine for operation with the purified water.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to energy storage. The teachings thereof may be embodied in a device and/or a method for storing electricity. For example a device for storing energy may include: a first vessel having a first holding space; a separating apparatus dividing the first holding space into a first chamber for holding a first medium and a second chamber for holding a gas phase; the separating apparatus movable to cause a simultaneous change in volume of the first chamber and the second chamber; a second vessel with a second holding space exchanging mass transfer of the gas phase in the second chamber; a temperature-control apparatus supplying or removing heat energy to the second vessel; a conveying apparatus conveying the medium into the first chamber; and an expansion apparatus driven by the medium.

Abstract: Gaseous perfluorocarbons in a waste gas are adsorbed by an adsorption device. Subsequently a decomposition of the perfluorocarbons takes place with formation of hydrogen fluoride. The hydrogen fluoride is converted with an oxide of a metal to be reduced, to the metal fluoride thereof. The metal fluoride formed is then fed again to the reduction process.

Abstract: A sensor is provided for measuring the concentration of a fluorocarbon in the offgas during molten salt electrolysis of metal compounds. The measurement takes place at time intervals of less than 10 seconds and a controller initiates reduction in an electrolysis voltage if a fluorocarbon limit value of 25 ppm is exceeded.

Abstract: A method and a device for charging a stratified thermal energy store are disclosed. According to the method, a working fluid of a heat pump is introduced in the gaseous phase into a liquid heat transfer medium of the stratified thermal energy store at at least one introduction point and is brought into direct physical contact with the heat transfer medium, the pressure in the stratified thermal energy store at the introduction point being greater than or equal to the condensation pressure of the working fluid.

Abstract: A control system for controlling the temperature in a high-temperature battery to which hot air is supplied via an air duct system or in a high-temperature electrolyzer to which hot air is supplied via an air duct system is provided. The control system includes at least two temperature probes designed to detect the temperature at two different points in the air duct system, at least one first air-conditioning unit for physically conditioning the air, mounted in the air duct system upstream of the high-temperature battery or high-temperature electrolyzer, and a recirculation duct which recirculates hot air discharged from the high-temperature battery or high-temperature electrolyzer to a point in the air duct system upstream of the high-temperature battery or high-temperature electrolyzer and feeds the hot air back into the air duct system. The control system controls the first air-conditioning unit in accordance with the temperatures detected by the temperature probes.

Abstract: A method and a device for discharging a thermal stratification storage tank are provided, wherein a first thermal stratification storage tank has a first temperature in a first subsection and a second temperature in a second subsection, when the working fluid of an organic Rankine cycle in the liquid aggregate state in a fluid heat transfer medium of the first thermal stratification storage tank is introduced into the first or second subsection and brought into direct material contact with the heat transfer medium, wherein at the second temperature in the second subsection the pressure in the first thermal stratification storage tank is less than or equal to the vapor pressure of the working fluid.

Abstract: A power station arrangement is provided having an energy generation unit for generating useful thermal energy on the basis of physical and/or chemical processes, a high-temperature storage unit to be at least partially supplied with heat for regular operation, particularly a metal oxide/air storage unit, and a piping system for thermally coupling the energy generation unit to the high temperature storage unit.

Abstract: At least one heat pipe for removing heat is led into a reactor housing of a fluidized bed reactor, so that the temperature in the reactor housing can be controlled.

Abstract: A device for the separation of water, in particular water vapor, from a fluid flow containing water, in particular water vapor, may include at least a water-permeable membrane body that delimits at least one membrane body interior space, wherein at least one hydrophobic fluid is located in the membrane body interior space for receiving water, in particular water vapor, which exits the fluid flow and passes through the membrane body into the membrane body interior space.

Abstract: A method for operating a steam turbine plant including a steam turbine and a steam generator allows a power reserve to be provided whilst simultaneously maintaining a high level of efficiency in the normal mode of operation. The steam turbine plant includes a heat reservoir which is associated with the steam turbine, from which the steam is removed and is fed to the steam turbine. The steam is fed to the steam turbine when the steam generator is not in operation.

Abstract: A method for synthesising a rare earth element by a redox reaction. The starting material side of the reaction for synthesising the rare earth element includes a rare earth compound, in which the rare earth element is present in a positive oxidation state, and hydrogen. The redox reaction takes place in two stages. First, a hydration reaction takes place between an elementary rare earth element and hydrogen to form a rare earth hydride. Then, a reaction takes place between the rare earth compound and the rare earth hydride. An elementary rare earth element and a hydrogen-containing compound are produced at the same time as the product of the reaction.

Abstract: Between an anode and a cathode, a salt melt containing a metal ion is separated from the anode by a gap across which an electric arc can be formed. The metal ion is deposited on the anode and subsequently removed.

Abstract: Provision of electricity to an electrical grid is controlled such that the electricity supply from the power plant is reduced to the current electric power demand by charging a thermal energy store(s). As a result, the provision of electricity by renewable energy sources to the electrical grid can be given precedence. The power plant can be connected to a heat pump and/or a refrigeration unit by the thermal energy store(s). The thermal energy store(s) can be used for district heating/cooling networks.

Abstract: A method and an assembly for thermal water treatment for STIG power station concepts. The heat of an exhaust gas after a heat recovery steam generator stage is used for treating water in a water treatment system. The heat of the exhaust gas, the gas having a low-temperature level, is transported through a heating element to water that circulates between at least one evaporator and condenser in the water treatment system. The treated process water can then be used for steam injection into the gas turbine.