Abstract: A storage device includes a controller and a memory. A method of storage space management for the storage device is executed to perform steps as below. The controller calculates an expectedly used capacity and an effective capacity of the memory. The controller determines whether blocks of the memory include one or more blocks that are non-bad blocks and are prohibited from reading/writing. When the one or more blocks are determined to be non-bad blocks and to be prohibited from reading/writing, the controller marks each of the one or more blocks as a restricted block other than a bad block, thereby maintaining the effective capacity to be unchanged. The controller compares difference of the effective capacity and a total capacity of the one or more blocks that are marked as the restricted block to the expectedly used capacity to determine whether to prohibit programming to the memory.

Abstract: A level shifter includes a low-level adjustment circuit, a comparator circuit, and a high-level adjustment circuit. The low-level adjustment circuit pulls down a level of one between a first input node and a second input node to a first low supply voltage. The comparator outputs a one having higher level between the level of the first input node and a second low supply voltage to a first output node, wherein the second low supply voltage is higher than the first low supply voltage. The high-level adjustment circuit selectively adjusts the level of the first output node according to the level of the first input node and the level of the second input node to generate an output signal.

Abstract: A RRAM (resistive random-access memory) device includes a bottom electrode line, a top electrode island and a resistive material. The bottom electrode line is directly on a first metal structure. The top electrode island is disposed beside the bottom electrode line. The resistive material is sandwiched by a sidewall of the bottom electrode line and a sidewall of the top electrode island. The present invention also provides a method of forming said RRAM device.

Abstract: A method includes following steps. An image of a wafer is captured. A first contact region in the captured image at which the first conductive contact is rendered is identified. A second contact region in the captured image at which the second conductive contact is rendered is identified. The second conductive contact is determined as not shorted to the first conductive contact, in response to the identified second contact region in the captured image is darker than the identified first contact region in the captured image.

Abstract: A method includes providing a substrate having a conductive column, a dielectric layer over the conductive column, and a plurality of sacrificial blocks over the dielectric layer, the plurality of sacrificial blocks surrounding the conductive column from a top view; depositing a sacrificial layer covering the plurality of sacrificial blocks, the sacrificial layer having a dip directly above the conductive column; depositing a hard mask layer over the sacrificial layer; removing a portion of the hard mask layer from a bottom of the dip; etching the bottom of the dip using the hard mask layer as an etching mask, thereby exposing a top surface of the conductive column; and forming a conductive material inside the dip, the conductive material being in physical contact with the top surface of the conductive column.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system, a method and a computer-readable medium for data accessing. The method includes receiving a request, receiving a status parameter of an endpoint corresponding to the request, receiving a number of times of receiving the request in a period of time, and determining a delay time length for transmitting the request according to the status parameter of the endpoint or the number of times of receiving the request in the period of time. The present disclosure can achieve more efficient resource allocation and can prevent server outage.

Abstract: A signal receiver includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a load circuit, an amplifying circuit and a load circuit. The first transistor has a first end receiving a power voltage, and a control end receive a first input signal. The second transistor has a first end receiving the power voltage, and a control end receiving a second input signal, wherein the first input signal and the second input signal are differential signals and transit between a first voltage and a reference ground voltage, the first voltage is larger than the power voltage. The load circuit is coupled to the first transistor and the second transistor. The amplifying circuit generates an output signal according a first signal on the second end of the first transistor and a second signal on the second end of the second transistor.

Abstract: A structure is provided that includes a first conductive component and a first interlayer dielectric (ILD) that surrounds the first conductive component. A self-assembly layer is formed on the first conductive component but not on the first ILD. A first dielectric layer is formed over the first ILD but not over the first conductive component. A second ILD is formed over the first conductive component and over the first ILD. An opening is etched in the second ILD. The opening is at least partially aligned with the first conductive component. The first dielectric layer protects portions of the first ILD located therebelow from being etched. The opening is filled with a conductive material to form a second conductive component in the opening.

Abstract: Systems and computer-implemented methods of generating a model and using the model for determining synergy between a plurality of compounds in a mixture for applying to a human taste receptor are disclosed herein. The plurality of compounds in the mixture may be sweet-tasting compounds. The model may be generated based on a function, where the sigmoid function is approximated to a set of experimental data, and where the experimental data maps a combination of concentrations of compounds to a measured response of the taste receptor. Once generated, the model may then be used to determine synergy among the plurality of compounds.

Abstract: The techniques described herein relate to ultrasonic welding and related techniques for luggage. In some embodiments, a method of manufacturing a luggage component is provided that includes orienting a first component adjacent to a second component, wherein a first surface of the first component adjacent a second surface of the second component comprises a flat portion with one or more protrusions extending from the flat portion, and applying, via a horn sized to receive the first component, an ultrasonic vibration to melt the one or more protrusions to ultrasonically weld the first component to the second component.

Abstract: An apparatus for inspecting wafer carriers is disclosed. In one example, the apparatus includes: a housing; a load port; a robot arm inside the housing; and a processor. The load port is configured to load a wafer carrier into the housing. The robot arm is configured to move a first camera connected to the robot arm. The first camera is configured to capture a plurality of images of the wafer carrier. The processor is configured to process the plurality of images to inspect the wafer carrier.

Abstract: A digital envelope tracking (DET) supply modulator is provided. The DET supply modulator includes a switching converter, a dynamic switched-capacitor circuit and a digital control circuit. The switching converter converts an input supply voltage into an output envelope tracking (ET) voltage according to a first control signal. The dynamic switched-capacitor circuit outputs multiple supplement voltages for supplementing alternating current (AC) components of the output ET voltage by multiple stages. More particularly, the dynamic switched-capacitor circuit comprises multiple switched-capacitor cells and a selection circuit, wherein the selection circuit is coupled to the multiple switched-capacitor cells. In detail, the multiple switched-capacitor cells generate the multiple supplement voltages, respectively, and the selection circuit controls switching of each of the multiple switched-capacitor cells according to a second control signal.

Abstract: A bench seat training structure with adjustable resistance includes: a base frame extending in a horizontal direction and including first and second support portions on opposite ends thereof in the horizontal direction as well as a bench portion, the first and second support portions and the bench portion jointly defining a bottom space; a transmission unit disposed on the base frame and including a pull cord having a free end and a fixed end; and an adjustable resistance unit disposed in the bottom space, with the fixed end being directly or indirectly connected thereto so that when an operational force is applied to the free end, the pull cord is dragged to move and a resistance is applied to the fixed end. Therefore, an operator can apply a force onto either side of the base frame to select various training modes and to adjust the resistance at will.

Abstract: A substrate processing method using a supercritical fluid is provided that can deposit a conformal film in a trench with a high aspect ratio and allows complete filling without voids. The substrate processing method comprises supplying a first process fluid containing a precursor and a first supercritical fluid to a reactor to raise a pressure of the reactor to a first pressure equal to or greater than a critical pressure, subsequently, first venting the reactor to lower the pressure in the reactor to a second pressure, subsequently, supplying a second process fluid containing a reducing fluid to the reactor to raise the pressure in the reactor to a third pressure, subsequently, second venting the reactor to lower the pressure in the reactor to a fourth pressure.

Abstract: A substrate processing method using a supercritical fluid is provided that can deposit a conformal film in a trench with a high aspect ratio and allows complete filling without voids.

Abstract: A power supply system includes a primary side circuit, a secondary side circuit, an auxiliary winding, a blocking module, a control module, and a controller. The auxiliary winding is magnetically coupled to the secondary side winding and includes a first sub winding and a second sub winding in series. The auxiliary winding has a first tap at the dotted end of the first sub winding, a second tap at the dotted end of the second sub winding, and a ground tap coupling the second sub winding to the ground. The blocking module receives a first auxiliary voltage and a second auxiliary voltage and outputs a selected voltage. The control module controls the blocking module according to the second auxiliary voltage to output the first auxiliary voltage or the second auxiliary voltage as the selected voltage. The controller is electrically coupled to the blocking module and the control module.

Abstract: Techniques pertaining to anti-motion and anti-interference frame exchange sequences in wireless communications are described. A station (STA), such as a Wi-Fi equipment, determines to enable a frame exchange sequence (FES). The STA then communicates with one or more other STAs by utilizing the FES in which preamble puncturing sounding and data transmission are performed in a same transmission opportunity (TXOP).

Abstract: A server for handling violation in a live streaming platform, comprising: transmitting a first information of a first violation of a first user to a first user terminal of the first user, wherein the first information includes information of setting the status of the first user terminal from first status to second status; in response to a first operation on the first information from the first user terminal, setting the status of the first user terminal from first status to third status; wherein the functions in the second status are more limited than the functions in the third status. The present disclosure may help the server with managing the status of each user in an easier and more efficient way and the user experience may also be enhanced.

Abstract: An endoscope module includes a non-metallic main body, a plurality of lighting devices and an image-obtaining device. The non-metallic main body includes a body and a plurality of extending portions. The body has a first surface. The extending portions are respectively connected with the first surface. The extending portions define a space therebetween. The lighting devices are respectively disposed on a side of a corresponding one of the extending portions away from the first surface. Each of the lighting devices has a light-emitting surface located on a side of a corresponding one of the lighting devices away from the first surface. The image-obtaining device is at least partially located in the space and connected with the first surface. The image-obtaining device has a light-transmitting surface located on a side of the image-obtaining device away from the first surface.

Abstract: In accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure, a radio frequency front end system is provided. The radio frequency front end system comprises an RF path configured to propagate an RF signal between ports of the RF path, an RF coupler configured to extract a portion of a power of the RF signal propagating between the ports of the RF path, and a first RF coupler circuit. The first RF coupler circuit is coupled to the RF coupler and includes a first isolator configured to isolate at least one of a switching transient impedance and a charge spur from the RF path.