Abstract: A method for controlling an internal combustion engine including at least one exhaust-gas aftertreatment component having an electric heating element, the electric heating element heating the exhaust-gas aftertreatment component and the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust-gas aftertreatment component, the electric heating element briefly or permanently being acted upon by a heating current, a gas, in particular fresh air and/or exhaust gas, flowing downstream through the exhaust-gas path.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a gas sensor (14) which comprises two electrochemical measuring cells (20, 30) and which is arranged in an exhaust tract (10) of an internal combustion engine (11), wherein the sensor elements (20, 30) exhibit a substantially identical sensitivity towards a first gas component and a different sensitivity towards a second gas component and are insensitive towards further gas components. In an operating state in which an exhaust gas stream at the gas sensor (14) contains less of the second gas component than of the first gas component a concentration of the first gas component is calculated from each of the sensor signals from the sensor elements (20, 30) and a defect in a sensor element (20, 30) is deduced from the concentrations of the first gas component.

Abstract: A shelf bracket assembly is mounted on a vertically disposed shelf upright, and has: at least one weighing device; an anchoring device; and a cantilever for supporting a shelf panel. In a condition where the shelf bracket assembly is mounted on the shelf upright, the cantilever projects from the shelf upright in a substantially horizontal direction. The cantilever has a vertically disposed metal plate. In a Cartesian coordinate system, an extent of the cantilever in a horizontal plane defines a Y-direction, a vertical direction defines a Z-direction, and a direction perpendicular to the Y-direction and the Z-direction defines an X-direction. The at least one weighing device includes: a force-introduction section; a linkage section; and a force-supporting section. The linkage section comprises two weighing plates extending horizontally and parallel to each other. The force-supporting section and the force-introduction section are at least partially formed of vertically extending metal plates.

Abstract: A load cell has a monolithic measuring body. The monolithic measuring body has: a force-supporting section; a force-introduction section; and a linkage section disposed between the force-supporting section and the force-introduction section. The monolithic measuring body has a longitudinal axis between a force-supporting-side axial end and a force-introduction-side axial end. The longitudinal axis is configured to extend in a horizontal direction. The monolithic measuring body further has, in the force-supporting section, at least one mounting hole for attachment of the monolithic measuring body, the axis of the at least one mounting hole extending in the horizontal direction. At least one strain gauge is configured to sense tensile or compressive deformation of the monolithic measuring body and is in a region of the linkage section on a top side or a bottom side of the monolithic measuring body, the at least one strain gauge being oriented in the horizontal direction.

Abstract: A shelf bracket assembly mounted upright on a vertically disposed shelf has: a load cell; an anchor; and a cantilever supporting a shelf panel. The cantilever projects from the shelf upright in a substantially horizontal direction. The cantilever has a vertically disposed frame or a vertically disposed metal plate and a mount for the load cell. The load cell has a monolithic measuring body that has: a force-supporting section; a force-introduction section; and a linkage section between the force-supporting section and the force-introduction section. The force-supporting section of the monolithic measuring body is laterally attached to the mount. The monolithic measuring body has at least one mounting hole through which the monolithic measuring body is attached to the mount with a screw extending horizontally through the monolithic measuring body.

Abstract: An adherable element is disclosed, comprising a decorative element having a support surface, and a pressure activated adhesive system pre-coated on the support surface of the decorative element for adhering the decorative element to a surface, the adhesive remaining uncured until activated by application of a threshold pressure. The adhesive comprises a matrix comprising a hardener and a plurality of microcapsules filled with an adhesive resin, the microcapsules being configured to rupture on application of the threshold pressure, thereby exposing the resin to the matrix and allowing the resin to react with the hardener to form an adhesive bond between the decorative element and the surface. The matrix may further comprise a rheology additive such that the matrix has a higher viscosity than the hardener at room temperature. Methods of making an adherable element, and decorative articles comprising the adherable element are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of adjusting the dosage of a reductant for an SCR catalyst, comprising: determining (110) an expected temperature profile in at least one axial section of the catalyst (70) for a defined period of time (tSim); firstly simulating (120) the resulting amount of reductant beyond the at least one section of the catalyst with a first defined dosage of the reductant depending on the expected temperature profile determined; comparing the first simulated amount of reductant with a limit; depending on the result of the comparison, choosing a second defined dosage and secondly simulating (130, 160) a resulting amount of reductant beyond the at least one section of the catalyst (70) with the second dosage; comparing the second simulated amount of reductant with the limit; and adjusting (140, 150, 170, 180, 190, 195) the dosage for injection of the reductant into the catalyst based on the first and/or second comparison.

Abstract: Provided is a method for packaging piece good groupings, in which a plurality of piece goods, particularly containers, are at least partially interconnected by a first connector, wherein at least two-piece goods of this plurality are directly interconnected by the connector. According to the embodiment, this plurality of piece goods connected by the connector is packaged with a second connector in the form of a second wrapping element, and said plurality of piece goods connected by a first connector is conveyed by a conveyor device to a packaging device and enclosed, particularly wrapped, with the second wrapping element by said packaging unit.

Abstract: A method for packaging piece good batches is provided. A transport device transports a plurality of piece goods in particular in the form of a piece good flow in a specified transport direction, and a first wrapping device wraps a film element around the piece goods, the film element having a specified first width. The first wrapping device has a dispensing assembly which circulates around the piece goods, and the piece goods are supplied to the first wrapping device in order to be wrapped with the film element. The piece goods are wrapped with a strip-like element by means of a strip application device, the strip-like element having a smaller width than the film element.

Abstract: A shelf bracket assembly mounted upright on a vertically disposed shelf has: a load cell; an anchor; and a cantilever supporting a shelf panel. The cantilever projects from the shelf upright in a substantially horizontal direction. The cantilever has a vertically disposed frame or a vertically disposed metal plate and a mount for the load cell. The load cell has a monolithic measuring body that has: a force-supporting section; a force-introduction section; and a linkage section between the force-supporting section and the force-introduction section. The force-supporting section of the monolithic measuring body is laterally attached to the mount. The monolithic measuring body has at least one mounting hole through which the monolithic measuring body is attached to the mount with a screw extending horizontally through the monolithic measuring body.

Abstract: A shelf bracket assembly is mounted on a vertically disposed shelf upright, and has: at least one weighing device; an anchoring device; and a cantilever for supporting a shelf panel. In a condition where the shelf bracket assembly is mounted on the shelf upright, the cantilever projects from the shelf upright in a substantially horizontal direction. The cantilever has a vertically disposed metal plate. In a Cartesian coordinate system, an extent of the cantilever in a horizontal plane defines a Y-direction, a vertical direction defines a Z-direction, and a direction perpendicular to the Y-direction and the Z-direction defines an X-direction. The at least one weighing device includes: a force-introduction section; a linkage section; and a force-supporting section. The linkage section comprises two weighing plates extending horizontally and parallel to each other. The force-supporting section and the force-introduction section are at least partially formed of vertically extending metal plates.

Abstract: A load cell has a monolithic measuring body. The monolithic measuring body has: a force-supporting section; a force-introduction section; and a linkage section disposed between the force-supporting section and the force-introduction section. The monolithic measuring body has a longitudinal axis between a force-supporting-side axial end and a force-introduction-side axial end. The longitudinal axis is configured to extend in a horizontal direction. The monolithic measuring body further has, in the force-supporting section, at least one mounting hole for attachment of the monolithic measuring body, the axis of the at least one mounting hole extending in the horizontal direction. At least one strain gauge is configured to sense tensile or compressive deformation of the monolithic measuring body and is in a region of the linkage section on a top side or a bottom side of the monolithic measuring body, the at least one strain gauge being oriented in the horizontal direction.

Abstract: A load cell for installing in a weighing foot is described with a spring body, a measuring transducer for generating an output signal corresponding to a weight acting on the force introduction element, and an external interface connected to the measuring transducer. The spring body can have an outer support ring, a force introduction element, and an annular deformation section, the support ring and the force introduction element being connected with the annular deformation section. The external interface can output the output signal generated by the measuring transducer to an external device. The external interface for the external output of the output signal is provided at the force introduction element.

Abstract: A method of adjusting the dosage of a reductant for an SCR catalyst, comprising: determining (110) an expected temperature profile in at least one axial section of the catalyst (70) for a defined period of time (tSim); firstly simulating (120) the resulting amount of reductant beyond the at least one section of the catalyst with a first defined dosage of the reductant depending on the expected temperature profile determined; comparing the first simulated amount of reductant with a limit; depending on the result of the comparison, choosing a second defined dosage and secondly simulating (130, 160) a resulting amount of reductant beyond the at least one section of the catalyst (70) with the second dosage; comparing the second simulated amount of reductant with the limit; and adjusting (140, 150, 170, 180, 190, 195) the dosage for injection of the reductant into the catalyst based on the first and/or second comparison.

Abstract: The invention relates to a load cell with a spring body formed rotationally symmetrically about a center axis, and a plurality of strain gauges arranged on a lower side of the membrane for detecting a stretching and/or compressive deformation of the spring body, wherein the strain gauges are electrically connected to a Wheatstone bridge or as a part thereof, with at least one first strain gauge. The spring body has an outer support ring, an upwardly projecting inner force introduction element, and an annular deformation section that is formed as an annular membrane and with which the support ring and the force introduction element are fixedly connected to one another. The mean thickness of the annular membrane in the region of the first strain gauge or gauges is larger than the mean thickness in the region of a second strain gauge or gauges.

Abstract: The invention relates to a machine for packaging piece good combinations with a transport device which transports a plurality of piece goods in a predetermined transport direction, and with a first wrapping device which is suitable and intended for wrapping the piece goods with a film element, wherein this first wrapping device has a dispensing unit revolving around the piece goods, and wherein the piece goods can be delivered to the first wrapping device in order be wrapped by the film element, According to the invention a mass balancing element likewise arranged revolving around the piece goods is associated with the dispensing unit.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a gas sensor (14) which comprises two electrochemical measuring cells (20, 30) and which is arranged in an exhaust tract (10) of an internal combustion engine (11), wherein the sensor elements (20, 30) exhibit a substantially identical sensitivity towards a first gas component and a different sensitivity towards a second gas component and are insensitive towards further gas components. In an operating state in which an exhaust gas stream at the gas sensor (14) contains less of the second gas component than of the first gas component a concentration of the first gas component is calculated from each of the sensor signals from the sensor elements (20, 30) and a defect in a sensor element (20, 30) is deduced from the concentrations of the first gas component.

Abstract: Provided is a method for packaging piece good groupings, in which a plurality of piece goods, particularly containers, are at least partially interconnected by means of a first connection, wherein at least two-piece goods of this plurality are directly interconnected by the connection. According to the embodiment, this plurality of piece goods connected by the first connection is packaged with a second connection in the form of a second wrapping element, and said plurality of piece goods connected by a first connection is conveyed by a conveyor device to a packaging unit and enclosed, particularly wrapped, with the second wrapping element by said packaging unit.

Abstract: A method for simultaneous optimization of nitrogen oxide emissions and carbon dioxide emissions of a combustion engine with an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of a motor vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: at the start a prediction horizon (PH) is selected (100), then a nitrogen oxide limit value (mNOx_max) is specified (101). Minimisation (102) of a cost function (K) comprising the nitrogen oxide emissions and the carbon dioxide emissions is carried out, wherein the nitrogen oxide limit value (mNOx_max) is complied with. Then actuators of the combustion engine are set (105) to a setpoint value (S) that is determined when minimizing (102) the cost function (K). Finally, the steps of the method are repeated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a load cell comprises a spring body formed rotationally symmetrically about a center axis, having an outer support ring, an upwardly projecting inner force introduction element, and an annular deformation section that is formed as an annular membrane and via which the support ring and the force introduction element are fixedly connected to one another; and a plurality pf strain gauges arranged on a lower side of the membrane for detecting a stretching and/or compressive deformation of the spring body, wherein the strain gauges are electrically connected to a Wheatstone bridge or as a part thereof, with at least one first strain gauge. The mean thickness of the annular membrane in the region of the first strain gauge or gauges is larger than the mean thickness in the region of a second strain gauge or gauges.