Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system comprises an exhaust gas purification device which is arranged in an exhaust gas route of an engine, renewing devices for burning and removing a particulate matter within the exhaust gas purification device, renewal advance notifying means which is actuated in the case that a clogged state of the exhaust gas purification device becomes equal to or more than a prescribed level, and renewal informing means which informs of a fact that the renewing devices are under operation. The renewal advance notifying means is actuated before actuating the renewing devices.

Abstract: It is an object to make it possible to burn and remove particulate matter without generating runaway even if the particulate matter is excessively accumulated at the time of regeneration of an exhaust gas purification device. A common rail engine and the exhaust gas purification device placed in an exhaust gas path of the engine are provided. A plurality of regeneration controls for burning and removing the particulate matter accumulated in the exhaust gas purification device can be executed. The plurality of regeneration controls include at least non-operation regeneration control for rising exhaust gas temperature by combining post injection (E) and predetermined high speed rotation speed, and recovery regeneration control which can be executed when the non-operation regeneration control fails. In the non-operation regeneration control and the recovery regeneration control, the engine is driven exclusively for burning and removing the particulate matter.

Abstract: In a manufacturing method of a solid-state image pickup device according to an embodiment, a transfer gate electrode is formed in a predetermined position on an upper surface of a first conductive semiconductor area, through a gate insulating film. A second conductive charge storage area is formed in an area adjacent to the transfer gate electrode in the first conductive semiconductor area. A sidewall is formed on a side surface of the transfer gate electrode. An insulating film is formed to extend from a circumference surface of the sidewall on a side of the charge storage area to a position partially covering the upper part of the charge storage area. A first conductive charge storage layer is formed in the charge storage area by implanting first conductive impurities from above, into the charge storage area which is partially covered with the insulating film.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification device is arranged in an exhaust gas route of a common rail type engine. At least one of an intake air throttle device and an exhaust gas throttle device are arranged in intake and exhaust systems of the engine. In the case that a clogged state of the exhaust gas purification device becomes equal to or more than a prescribed level, an auxiliary renewing mode which raises the temperature of an exhaust gas from the engine by actuating at least one of the intake air throttle device and the exhaust gas throttle device is executed, and in the case that the clogged state of the exhaust gas purification device is not improved even by executing the auxiliary renewing mode, a forced renewing mode which supplies a fuel into the exhaust gas purification device by a post injection is executed.

Abstract: A lithographic projection apparatus includes a substrate table configured to hold a substrate, a projection system arranged to project a patterned beam of radiation onto the substrate, a liquid supply system configured to supply liquid to a space between the projection system and the substrate, and a residual liquid detector configured to detect liquid remaining on the substrate and/or the substrate table after an exposure is completed. A device manufacturing method includes projecting, using a projection system of a lithographic apparatus, a patterned beam of radiation through a liquid onto a substrate, the substrate being held by a substrate table, and, after the projecting is complete, detecting residual liquid on the substrate and/or the substrate table.

Abstract: A substrate conveyance device that conveys a substrate having been exposed with a pattern image via a projection optical system and a liquid, the substrate conveyance device comprising: a liquid detector that detects the liquid adhering on the substrate.

Abstract: When a transmission rate of each of lines that transmit data simultaneously between two STAs by using a plurality of radio channels and/or MIMO can be set independently, one data frame is fragmented in accordance with the transmission rates of the respective lines so as to generate a plurality of data packets having the same packet time length and data sizes equal to or smaller than a maximum data size. Those data packets are transmitted simultaneously by using a plurality of radio channels, or one radio channel and MIMO, or a plurality of radio channels and MIMO.

Abstract: In retransmission processing due to a failure of transmission of data packets, a plurality of data packets are simultaneously transmitted between two STAs by utilizing multiple wireless channels and MIMO, and the number of idle channels and the number of retransmission packets are compared. Then, when both of the numbers are different or only when the number of idle channels is larger than the number of retransmission packets, the retransmission packets are reconstructed according to the number of idle channels, and the reconstructed retransmission packets are simultaneously transmitted by using the idle channels.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide methods of discovering drugs effective for tough targets, which have conventionally been discovered only with difficulty. The present invention relates to novel methods for cyclizing peptide compounds, and novel peptide compounds and libraries comprising the same, to achieve the above object.

Abstract: In order to relief a sudden change of engine sound during the transition to recovery control of a particulate removing filter or during returning from the recovery control, a system of treating exhaust gas of an engine includes an exhaust-gas particulate removing filter in an exhaust path, closes down the opening of an inlet throttle valve or an exhaust throttle valve to a recovery opening smaller than a normal opening during recovery of the particulate removing filter, and returns the opening from the recovery opening to the normal opening after the recovery of the particulate removing filter. The opening of the inlet throttle valve or the exhaust throttle valve during the closing process from the normal opening to the recovery opening and during the returning process from the recovery opening to the normal opening is changed at a gradually decreasing or gradually increasing rate of change of the opening.

Abstract: In a manufacturing method of a solid-state image pickup device according to an embodiment, a transfer gate electrode is formed in a predetermined position on an upper surface of a first conductive semiconductor area, through a gate insulating film. A second conductive charge storage area is formed in an area adjacent to the transfer gate electrode in the first conductive semiconductor area. A sidewall is formed on a side surface of the transfer gate electrode. An insulating film is formed to extend from a circumference surface of the sidewall on a side of the charge storage area to a position partially covering the upper part of the charge storage area. A first conductive charge storage layer is formed in the charge storage area by implanting first conductive impurities from above, into the charge storage area which is partially covered with the insulating film.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming apparatus main body, and a replaceable part detachably attached thereto. The replaceable part is moveable in a first direction to be attached to the image forming apparatus main body and in a second direction to be detached from the image forming apparatus main body. The replaceable part includes a storage portion. The storage portion including a memory for storing information of the replaceable part and/or the image forming apparatus main body, and a first electrically-conductive contact portion electrically connected to the memory. The image forming apparatus main body includes a second electrically-conductive contact portion that electrically contacts the first contact portion, and a supporting portion that supports the second electrically-conductive contact portion. The second electrically-conductive contact portion has a first end portion fixed to the supporting portion and a second end portion which is movable with respect to the supporting portion.

Abstract: In a manufacturing method of a solid-state image pickup device according to an embodiment, a transfer gate electrode is formed in a predetermined position on an upper surface of a first conductive semiconductor area, through a gate insulating film. A second conductive charge storage area is formed in an area adjacent to the transfer gate electrode in the first conductive semiconductor area. A sidewall is formed on a side surface of the transfer gate electrode. An insulating film is formed to extend from a circumference surface of the sidewall on a side of the charge storage area to a position partially covering the upper part of the charge storage area. A first conductive charge storage layer is formed in the charge storage area by implanting first conductive impurities from above, into the charge storage area which is partially covered with the insulating film.

Abstract: In a manufacturing method of a solid-state image pickup device according to an embodiment, a transfer gate electrode is formed in a predetermined position on an upper surface of a first conductive semiconductor area, through a gate insulating film. A second conductive charge storage area is formed in an area adjacent to the transfer gate electrode in the first conductive semiconductor area. A sidewall is formed on a side surface of the transfer gate electrode. An insulating film is formed to extend from a circumference surface of the sidewall on a side of the charge storage area to a position partially covering the upper part of the charge storage area. A first conductive charge storage layer is formed in the charge storage area by implanting first conductive impurities from above, into the charge storage area which is partially covered with the insulating film.

Abstract: A motor includes a rotor having a permanent magnet; a sleeve rotatably supporting the rotor; fluid provided in a gap between the rotor and the sleeve; a stator having a electromagnet disposed opposite to the permanent magnet to rotate the rotor relative to the stator; and a boss interposed between the sleeve and the stator. In the motor, the sleeve, the stator, and the boss are provided as separate members.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming apparatus main body, and a replaceable part detachably attached thereto. The replaceable part is moveable in a first direction to be attached to the image forming apparatus main body and in a second direction to be detached from the image forming apparatus main body. The replaceable part includes a storage portion. The storage portion including a memory for storing information of the replaceable part and/or the image forming apparatus main body, and a first electrically-conductive contact portion electrically connected to the memory. The image forming apparatus main body includes a second electrically-conductive contact portion that electrically contacts the first contact portion, and a supporting portion that supports the second electrically-conductive contact portion. The second electrically-conductive contact portion has a first end portion fixed to the supporting portion and a second end portion which is movable with respect to the supporting portion.

Abstract: A developing device that is provided in an image forming device that forms an image includes an image carrier on which an electrostatic latent image is formed; a developer carrier that is configured to form a developer image on a surface of the image carrier by attaching developer on the electrostatic latent image; and a contact member that is configured to contact the developer carrier. The contact member contacts the developer carrier and exerts a contact pressure per unit area thereon, the contact pressure per unit area being based on charging characteristics of the developer being used.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming apparatus main body, and a replaceable part detachably attached to the image forming apparatus main body and movable in attaching-and-detaching direction to be attached to or detached from the image forming apparatus main body. The replaceable part includes a storage portion, the storage portion including a memory for storing information of the replaceable part and/or the image forming apparatus main body, and a first contact portion electrically connected to the memory. The image forming apparatus main body includes a second contact portion that electrically contacts the first contact portion. The first contact portion has an inclination at a predetermined angle with respect to the attaching-and-detaching direction.

Abstract: The present invention aims to synthesize a polypeptide having an unnatural structure at the N-terminus via a biosynthetic process by translation of amino acid sequence information encoded by a nucleic acid. A polypeptide having any amino acid at the N-terminus is synthesized by using an ARS ribozyme that catalyzes the acylation of tRNA with any amino acid to attach any amino acid to an initiator tRNA, thereby initiating a translation with the initiator tRNA.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system comprises an exhaust gas purification device which is arranged in an exhaust gas route of an engine, renewing devices, for burning and removing a particulate matter within the exhaust gas purification device, renewal advance notifying means which is actuated in the case that a clogged state of the exhaust gas purification device becomes equal to or more than a prescribed level, and renewal informing means which informs of a fact that the renewing devices are under operation. The renewal advance notifying means is actuated before actuating the renewing devices.