Abstract: Use of a layer on an electrically conductive surface as a corrosion protection layer and/or as a primer for an organic coating, which may be obtained in a stage (a), in which a layer of at least one inorganic compound of at least one metal A having a weight per unit area of 0.01 to 10 g/m2 is deposited electrochemically on the said surface from a solution containing the metal A in dissolved form, wherein the metal A is a different metal from the main component of the electrically conductive surface and wherein the inorganic compound contains less than 20 wt. % phosphate ions; process for producing a coating comprising at least two layers, at least one layer of an organic polymer being applied to the layer deposited in stage a); metal component comprising a coating comprising at least two layers obtainable in this manner.

Abstract: Multilayered shaped bodies with locally demarcated reinforcing elements are described. The multilayered shaped body here is constructed of two outer metallic layers and at least one intermediate layer, this intermediate layer comprising an organic binder and reinforcing elements embedded in anisotropic distribution arranged therein. These anisotropic reinforcing elements are arranged at the points of the intermediate layer of the component which are particularly exposed to high structural stresses or actions of force, or at which a high acoustic radiation occurs. These multilayered shaped bodies allow provision of laminated bodies which have a low specific gravity and a high structural strength, and are preferably employed in machine construction, vehicle construction or apparatus construction.

Abstract: A coating composition consisting of at least four components, comprising a component (I) comprising at least one oligomeric or polymeric resin containing functional groups which react with isocyanate groups, as binder (A), a component (II) comprising at least one polyisocyanate as crosslinking agent (F), a component (III) which comprises water and is substantially free from acrylate copolymers (A) dispersed or dissolved therein, and a finely divided solid component (IV) which comprises at least one water-soluble or -dispersible finely divided solid acrylate copolymer (A); and also a process for producing a coating from a coating composition consisting of at least four components, which involves (1) mixing at least one component (I) with at least one component (II), to give the mixture (I/II); (2) mixing at least one component (III) with at least one finely divided solid component (IV), to give the mixture (III/IV); and then either (3) dispersing and/or dissolving the mixture (I/II) in the mixture (III/IV) or

Abstract: A dielectric filter has an input and an output for a microwave signal; a rotationally symmetrical single-piece dielectric resonator body that is inducible by a microwave signal to execute electromagnetic oscillations, the resonator body having two different-sized basal surfaces perpendicular to a rotational symmetry axis, the resonator body also having side surfaces which connect the basal surfaces along straight lines.

Abstract: A coating composition consisting of at least three components, comprising a component (I) comprising at least one hydroxyl-containing oligomeric or polymeric resin dispersed or dissolved in one or more organic, optionally water dilutable solvents, as binder (A), a component (II) comprising at least one polyisocyanate dispersed or dissolved in one or more organic, optionally water dilutable solvents, as crosslinking agent (F), and a component (III) which comprises water, wherein component (I) comprises at least one hydroxyl-containing polyacrylate resin (A) containing polyether sidegroups and/or endgroups of the general formula I Y—(—O—R—)n—  (I) in which the index and variables have the following meanings: n=3 to 100; R=C2 to C6 alkanediyl and C3 to C8 cycloalkanediyl; Y=hydrogen atom or C1 to C4 alkyl; as binder (A).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for coloring keratin fibers and a method of using the same. The composition of the present invention contains at least one dye precursor, and one or more clathrate compounds that contain transition metal complexes.

Abstract: An aqueous coating material preparable by mixing (A) at least one base paint comprising (a1) at least one optionally water-soluble or -dispersible binder, (a2) at least one color and/or effect pigment, and (a3) at least one water-miscible organic solvent, and further comprising if desired (a4) water, (a5) at least one crosslinking agent and/or (a6) at least one auxiliary and/or additive; (B) at least one solid, finely divided mixing varnish comprising (b1) at least one water-soluble or -dispersible, finely divided, solid binder; and (C) an aqueous medium with one another; and also a modular system for preparing aqueous coating materials, comprising (I) at least one color and/or effect module comprising at least one base paint (A), (II) at least one solid module comprising at least one solid, finely divided mixing varnish (B) and (III) at least one dispersing module comprising an aqueous medium (C).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mixer system for the preparation of water-thinnable coating compositions with accurately defined colors, produced from various base colorants, characterized in that the mixer system comprises A) various base colorants A which contain less than 5% by weight of water, at least one colored and/or special effect pigment, an organic solvent, at least one water-thinnable or water-dispersible binder and, optionally, auxiliary substances and additives, and B) at least one water-containing, pigment-free component B. In addition, the present invention relates to a process for the production of coating compositions using this mixer system and to the use of the mixer system for the production of waterborne paints for coating automobile bodies and/or plastic components, especially for automobile refinishing.

Abstract: An acidic aqueous phosphating solution is presented having 0.2 to 3 g/l of zinc ions, 3 to 50 g/l of phosphate ions expressed as PO4−3, and 0.05 to 4 g/l of an organic N-oxide containing a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic 5- or 6-membered ring system, where the N atom of the N-oxide is part of said ring system, and where the ratio by weight of phosphate ions to zinc ions is from 3.7 to 30:1. The solution is free of hydroxylamine and useful in phosphating metal surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyurethane resins, in which, in an ester as solvent, a) at least one compound having 2 hydroxyl and/or amino groups, b) at least one di- and/or polyisocyanate, c) at least one compound containing 2 groups which are reactive toward isocyanate groups, these compounds containing, at least in part, at least one group capable of forming anions which is neutralized before or after incorporation of component (c) into the polyurethane molecule, and d) at least one compound having at least 3 hydroxyl and/or amino groups are used to prepare a polyurethane resin, preferably using components (a), (b) and (c) to prepare an intermediate which has terminal isocyanate groups and at least some of whose free isocyanate groups are subsequently reacted with component (d), characterized in that ethoxyethyl propionate is employed as solvent.

Abstract: A process for the phosphatizing of metal surfaces composed of steel, zinc-coated steel or steel coated with zinc alloy, of aluminum and/or of aluminum-magnesium alloys, characterized in that the phosphatizing solution contains:

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating composition comprising at least three components, characterized in that component (I) contains as binder at least one acrylate copolymer which is dissolved or dispersed in organic solvent and has a number-average molecular weight of between 1000 and 30,000, an OH number of from 40 to 200 and an acid number of from 5 to 150 and/or polyester resin having a number-average molecular weight of between 1000 and 30,000, an OH number of from 30 to 250 and an acid number of from 5 to 150 and/or polyurethane resin having a number-average molecular weight of between 1000 and 30,000, an OH number of from 20 to 200 and an acid number of from 5 to 150, and, if desired, a further binder, the binder components being selected such that a 50% strength solution of the binder in ethoxyethyl propionate has a viscosity at 23° C. of ≦2.

Abstract: With the help of the millimeter wave measurement system, the surface impedance is determined by means of one or a plurality of resonators with very high three dimensional resolution when there are relatively large resonator openings in the millimeter wave range. By means of this, structures with measurements of {fraction (1/10)} the resonator openings can be solved with no trouble (FIG. 1).

Abstract: The microwave switch includes a housing (1) and a rotor (2) having a rotor axis (A). The rotor (2) includes respective plate-shaped parts (10,20) having corresponding ring-shaped outer surfaces (OS, OS′) and walls (15 to 18) extending between the plate-shaped parts. The rotor (2) is provided with through-going passages (7,8,9) extending transversely to the rotor axis (A) between the plate-shaped parts (10,20) and the walls (15 to 18). Grooves (6) for improving isolation of the passages (7,8,9) are provided only in the ring-shaped outer surfaces (OS, OS′) and extend longitudinally substantially parallel to the rotor axis (A). The grooves (6) open into the passages and the passages are bounded by the plate-shaped parts (10,20) in both directions of the rotor axis.

Abstract: A method of oxidizing, washing, cleaning, or disinfecting a soiled article is provided wherein a peroxygen compound is activated by an effective amount of a complex of the formula (I): [M (NH3)6−x(L)x]An  (I) wherein M is iron, copper, or ruthenium, x is a number of 0 to 5, L is a ligand, and A is a salt-forming anion. Also provided are compositions comprising 0.0025% to 0.25% by weight of the complex (I).

Abstract: Described are complexes of the transition metals manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, molybdenum, titanium, vanadium and/or copper containing one or more ligands of general formula (I) ou (II)in which R is a direct bond or an optionally amin-group-substituted alkylene group with 1 to 4 C-atoms, A is a condensed or non-condensed ring system containing at least one nitrogen atom, B is hydrogen, an OH-group or the same as A, and X is a phenyl ring optionally substituted with and/or C.sub.1-4 alkyl or an optionally hydroxy-substituted C.sub.1-4 alkylene group. The complexes are suitable for use as activators or peroxy compounds in oxidative washing, cleaning and disinfectant solutions, washing and cleaning agents preferably containing 0.0025 to 0.25% by wt. of such activator complexes.

Abstract: The invention relates to coating compositions for the production of coatings which are resistant to condensed water and comprise binders based on a polyurethane resin PUR which comprises alpha, omega-polymethacrylatediols (A) as structural units. The alpha, omega-polymethacrylatediols (A) preferably consist of the monomer units methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, n-pentyl methacrylate, amyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, n-decyl methacrylate, cyclopentyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl methacrylate, cyclooctyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate or isobornyl methacrylate or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inverted JOFET with an at least bicrystalline electrically conductive substrate-layer bearing an insulating element and a superconductive element with a Josephson-junction. The substrate-layer is connected to a control-element. The invention further relates to a method for making such a JOFET. The grain boundary in the substrate-layer thereby maps into the Josephson-junction in the superconductive element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating composition consisting of at least three components (I), (II) and (III), component (I) containing as binder (A) at least one acrylate copolymer (A1) which is dispersed or dissolved in organic, optionally water-dilutable solvent and/or one polyester resin (A2) which is dispersed or dissolved in organic, optionally water-dilutable solvent and/or one polyurethane resin (A3) which is dispersed or dissolved in organic, optionally water-dilutable solvent and/or optionally a further binder (A4),component (II) contains at least one nonblocked polyisocyanate as crosslinking agent, andcomponent (III) contains as constituent essential to the invention an aqueous dispersion, prepared in a single- or multistage method, of a hydrophilicized polymer resin HP based on a hydrophobic polymer resin HP' and also, if desired, contains components (A1) and/or (A2) and/or (A3) and/or (A4) in aqueous dispersion.

Abstract: A process for phosphating metal surfaces by treatment with an acidic zinc- and phosphathe-containing solution which does not require rinsing. The metal substrate is contacted with a phosphating solution containing 2 to 25 g/l of zinc ions, 2 to 25 g/l of manganese ions and 50 to 300 g/l of phosphate ions. The solution has a pH value of 1 to 3.6, a free acid content of 0 to 100 points, a total acid content of 40 to 400 points and a ratio of free acid to total acid of 1:4 to 1:20.