Abstract: Described are a concentrate, a working solution and a process for iron phosphating of metals, in which the solution contains nitrobenzene sulfonic acid and substituted short-chain monocarboxylic acids of the amino acid and/or hydroxycarboxylic acid type as the accelerators.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mixer system for the production of water-thinnable coating compositions having a precisely defined color shade, from various base colors, which mixer system is characterized in that it comprisesA) various base colors A which contain less than 5% by weight of water, at least one color and/or effect pigment, organic solvent, at least one water-dilutable or water-dispersible acrylic polyurethane resin (A1) and/or polyacrylate resin (A2) and optionally auxiliaries and additives, andB) at least one pigment-free component B which contains water.The present invention also relates to a process for the production of coating compositions using this mixer system and to the use of the mixer system for the production of aqueous basecoats for the coating of automobile bodies and/or plastic parts, in particular for automotive refinishing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous multicomponent polyurethane coating composition comprisingA) a water-dilutable polyaddition resin (A1) and/or polycondensation resin (A2) containing hydroxyl and carboxylate groups and having an OH number of from 40 to 200 mg of KOH/g, preferably from 60 to 140 mg of KOH/g, an acid number of from 15 to 100 mg of KOH/g, preferably from 25 to 50 mg of KOH/g, and a glass transition temperature of from -40.degree. C. to +60.degree. C., preferably from -20.degree. C. to +40.degree. C.,B) a polyisocyanate component (B) as crosslinking agent andC) at least one additive,characterized in that it contains as additive a carbodiimide component (C) which has a content of carbodiimide groups --N.dbd.C.dbd.N-- of from 2 to 30% by weight, on average at least 0.

Abstract: A process for phosphating surfaces of steel, galvanized or alloy-galvanized steel, aluminum, aluminized or alloy-aluminized steel. The process is particularly useful for treating metal surfaces which are to be cathodic electrocoated. The process uses a nickel, cobalt, copper, nitrite and oxo-anion of halogen free phosphating solution containing 0.3 to 2.0 g/l Zn(II), 0.3 to 4 g/l Mn(II), 5 to 40 g/l phosphate ions and at least one of 0.5 to 5 g/l hydroxylamine and 0.2 to 2 g/l m-nitrobenzene sulfonate wherein the ratio by weight of Zn(II) to Mn(II) is not greater than 2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a multicoat refinish, in which a metallic basecoat is sprayed on the prepared damage site and the adjacent regions of the old finish, so that it is opaque (hiding) in the region of the damage site and gradually runs out in the region of the old finish. Finally, a clearcoat is applied to the basecoat and, if desired, to the adjacent regions of the old finish.The process is characterized in that1. during the application of the basecoat composition to the adjacent regions of the old finish, the spraygun is inclined diagonally to the damage site, and2. during the application of the basecoat composition, a normal or only slightly reduced (3.0-4.5 bar) spraygun pressure is used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous two-component polyurethane coating composition comprisingA) a water-dilutable polyacrylate resin (A) having an OH number of from 40 to 200 mg of KOH/g, an acid number of from 20 to 100 mg of KOH/g and a glass transition temperature of from -40.degree. C. to +60.degree. C., andB) a polyisocyanate component as crosslinking agent,characterized in that the water-dilutable acrylate resin is obtainable by solution polymerization, in the presence of a polymerization initiator, of at least one monomer which is free of carboxyl groups, at least one monomer which contains hydroxyl groups, at least one vinyl ester of .alpha.-branched monocarboxylic acids having 5 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule and/or at least one reaction product of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid with the glycidyl ester of .alpha.

Abstract: The subject matter of the present invention is a multicoat metallic refinishing process in which a coating material is first applied to the prepared area of damage and to the adjacent regions of original finish. A metallic basecoat is applied to this first coating in such a way that the basecoat hides the area of damage and tapers off on the coating. A clearcoat is then applied to the basecoat and, if appropriate, also to the adjacent regions of the original finish.In the process an aqueous metallic basecoat and an aqueous coating material containinga) 5 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating material, of at least one water-thinnable or water-dispersible film-forming material,b) 0 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating material, of at least one organic solventc) conventional auxiliaries and additives, if appropriate,are applied to the prepared area of damage, the dry film thickness of this aqueous coating material being between 2 and 50 .mu.

Abstract: The invention relates to a charging method for storage batteries, in particular for NiCd and NiMH cells. According to the invention, the rise in the charging voltage during each of a number of consecutive charging cycles of a specified duration is measured in the form of a unit corresponding to a certain voltage. The number of these units is transmitted in the form of a counting pulse to two up-down counters during the period of the charging cycle, whereby one counter functions in the down mode and is set at the beginning of a charging cycle to a number corresponding to the number of units established in the preceding charging cycle. In the following charging cycle, the roles of the two counters are reversed, so that the up-counter is now set to the down mode and the other counter to the up mode, whereby the latter is set to a Certain starting counting status.

Abstract: A process utilizing a pigmented aqueous basecoat composition which contains as the film-forming material a water-thinnable emulsion polymer. The water-thinnable emulsion polymer is prepared in a two-stage emulsion polymerization. In the first stage a polymer is prepared having a glass transition temperature (T.sub.G1) of +30.degree. to +110.degree. C. In the second stage a mixture of monomers is polymerized in the presence of the polymer prepared in the first stage, which mixture, polymerized on its own, would give a polymer with a glass transition temperature (T.sub.G2) of -60.degree. to +20.degree. C. The hydroxyl value of the emulsion polymer is between 2 and 100.

Abstract: A four-port wide-band branch line coupler which distributes, to two output ports and over a wide bandwidth, a signal that is fed into an input port at any constant ratio with a phase difference of 90.degree., so that no power emanates from an isolated port. If a signal is fed into the isolated port, this power is also distributed to both output ports, so that no power emanates from the input port. The coupler has two identical rings consisting of quarter-wave length line sections that are connected by two half-wave length line sections and are connected, by series circuits made of half-wave length line sections with individual branch circuits connected in parallel to them, to the four ports. The circuit can be dimensioned for construction in microstrip technology or coaxial cable technology. Further, the circuit can be made of concentrated elements so that it can be used in microwave monolithic integrated circuits.

Abstract: To permit rapid axial relocation of cutter rollers or cutter wheels (2, 3; 11; 42; 78, 121) on supporting shafts (6, 7; 70, 71; 100), the cutter rollers are located on respective positioning or carrier rings (12, 41, 74, 75; 102, 120 130) surrounding the respective shafts, and are axially clamped in position by a rotatable operating ring (13, 22, 28, 40, 52, 88, 89; 107, 126, 138), rotatable about said positioning ring. The operating ring is rotatable, for example by being operator-accessible, at any circumferential position of the shaft, a hydraulically operated compression sleeve, or the like, so that the axial position of the cutter roller or wheel can be changed on the shaft regardless of the circumferential position of the shaft when it comes to rest after having cut a web into a ribbon, the width of which is to be changed.