Abstract: Disclosed is a method and a device for producing a homogenous metastable supersaturated solution. The homogenous metastable supersaturated solution is comprised of a liquid phase solvent and one or more solutes wherein these individual solutes are gases under conditions of standard temperature and pressure (STP) in a normal atmospheric environment. When the device is used for creating oxygen saturated metastable solutions, the oxygen levels reached to at least 3 times the maximum level that can be detected by commercial dissolved oxygen probes. The device can be used to treat any medical condition that can benefit from the use of high oxygenated or any other highly saturated gas solutions. The device can be used for any non-medical need where a highly saturated gas in solution is needed.

Abstract: What is disclosed is high saturated gas solution compositions for use medical use. Any therapeutically relevant gas is contemplated but highly oxygenated solutions are preferred. These solutions are the basis for several types of theological mediums such as lotions or gels.

Abstract: There is provided a method for debriding human tissue by dissolving a gas in a liquid to form a solution under elevated pressure to saturate that solution with the dissolved gas. The solution is depressurized at or towards ambient pressure for supersaturating the gas in solution. The method provides means for allowing supersaturated solution to infiltrate the human tissue needing to be debrided. The supersaturated dissolved gas solution is activated and the activated gas allowed to expand for releasing energy into the solution at or near the tissue needing to be debrided. That human tissue is exfoliated with released energy from the expanding activated gas.

Abstract: A method of delivering at least one therapeutic gas to a tissue site for treating acne, sunburn, scarring, a thermal burn, wrinkling, age spots, eczema, contact dermatitis, itching and a rash. The method comprises dissolving the gas in a liquid solvent that includes a thickening agent to create a solution, transporting that solution to the tissue site, and then releasing said gas at said tissue site for treating the skin-related ailment.

Abstract: Dispersing a gas in a liquid to provide a mixture of saturated, supersaturated or hypersaturated solution to provide a suspension of bubbles containing gas therein.

Abstract: Dispersing gas in a liquid provides a mixture of saturated, supersaturated or hypersaturated solution to provide a suspension of bubbles containing gas therein into which animal tissue is immersed for health or wellness treatment. A two-phase mixture is provided with dissolved gas as a suspension of microbubbles. Methods for making, maintaining, and using the two-phase mixture are provided. Gas molecules may be introduced into a liquid at high velocity under elevated pressure to form a supersaturated solution that retains the gas, preferably oxygen, in solution when exposed to ambient conditions.

Abstract: A method for producing a gas transporting rheological medium, said method comprises: (a) hydrating and dispersing a thickening agent in a fluid medium; (b) adding a first gas for dissolution and/or adsorption the fluid medium using a minimum fluid system pressure of about 7 psig; (c) mechanically emulsifying dimethylpolysiloxane into the fluid medium; (d) adding a source of one or more +2 valence cations to the suspension for 10 crosslinking to form a gel; and (e) dispensing the gel into a container.

Abstract: Dispersing a gas into solution for intentionally directional inflow and outflow through a bandage to a human tissue wound for treatment of said wound with the gas-containing solution. Methods of using the solution to treat a wound are provided. The gas molecules may be mostly oxygen and/or contain supplemental additions of carbon dioxide, nitrous or nitric oxide.

Abstract: An energy efficient metal melter has a portion of melting energy supplied to it by a combustion process for heating a melter charge to a temperature where the melter charge can no longer maintain its shape. A portion of melting energy is also supplied by an electrical process for adding remaining transformational and sensible heat. The combustion process preferably uses a hydrocarbon fuel energy source selected from a distillate compound, gas compound or both and the electrical energy comes from a source selected from an external power grid, a generator and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A two-phase mixture is provided having a dissolved gas and a suspension of bubbles in a liquid. Methods for making, maintaining, and using the two-phase mixture are also provided. The gas molecules may be introduced into the liquid at a high velocity under elevated pressure to form a supersaturated solution that retains the dissolved gas concentration in solution when the solution is exposed to ambient conditions. The mixture may be used in a number of applications where high concentrations of gas must be retained in solution during prolonged exposure to ambient conditions. An example is the treatment of wounds to non-surgically remove dead, devitalized, contaminated and foreign matter from tissue cells.

Abstract: Metal substrates coated with ceramics and resistant to attack by molten metal.

Abstract: A thermally efficient cover for the molten metal held in a furnace, tundish, ladle, crucible or other containment vessel. Through substantially horizontal movement, this cover allows for periodic removal, particularly by retraction, for accessing contents of that furnace from a top aperture in the containment vessel. This invention further relates to a covered furnace system and methods of use.

Abstract: An energy efficient metal melter is disclosed, said melter having a portion of melting energy supplied to it by a combustion process for heating a melter charge to a temperature where the melter charge can no longer maintain its shape. A portion of melting energy is also supplied to that melter by an electrical process for adding remaining transformational and sensible heat. Preferably, the combustion process uses a hydrocarbon fuel energy source selected from a distillate compound, gas compound or both and the electrical energy comes from a source selected from an external power grid, a generator and combinations thereof. Related methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: Rendering a refractory coating on a metal substrate impenetrable by molten metal.

Abstract: There is provided a method for debriding human tissue by dissolving a gas in a liquid to form a solution under elevated pressure to saturate that solution with the dissolved gas. The solution is depressurized at or towards ambient pressure for supersaturating the gas in solution. The method provides means for allowing supersaturated solution to infiltrate the human tissue needing to be debrided. The supersaturated dissolved gas solution is activated and the activated gas allowed to expand for releasing energy into the solution at or near the tissue needing to be debrided. That human tissue is exfoliated with released energy from the expanding activated gas.

Abstract: Dispersing a gas in a liquid to provide a mixture of saturated, supersaturated or hypersaturated solution to provide a suspension of bubbles containing gas therein into which human tissue is immersed for treating same. A two-phase mixture is provided having a dissolved gas and a suspension of microbubbles in a liquid. Methods for making, maintaining, and using the two-phase mixture are provided. The gas molecules may be introduced into the liquid at high velocity under elevated pressure to form a supersaturated solution that retains the dissolved gas concentration in solution when exposed to ambient conditions.

Abstract: Metal substrates coated with ceramics and resistant to attack by molten metal.

Abstract: Rendering a refractory coating on a metal substrate impenetrable by molten metal.

Abstract: Dispersing gas in a liquid provides a mixture of saturated, supersaturated or hypersaturated solution to provide a suspension of bubbles containing gas therein into which animal tissue is immersed for health or wellness treatment. A two-phase mixture is provided with dissolved gas as a suspension of microbubbles. Methods for making, maintaining, and using the two-phase mixture are provided. Gas molecules may be introduced into a liquid at high velocity under elevated pressure to form a supersaturated solution that retains the gas, preferably oxygen, in solution when exposed to ambient conditions.

Abstract: An electric heater assembly suitable for use with molten metals, the heater employing improved heat transfer media.