Abstract: The present application discloses a light source comprising an LED die having an emitting surface and an optical element including a base, an apex smaller than the base, and a converging side extending between the base and the apex, wherein the base is optically coupled to and is no greater in size than the emitting surface, and wherein the optical element directs light emitted by the LED die to produce a side emitting pattern.

Abstract: A three-dimensional shaped structure is prepared from a multi-photon reactive composition including: (a) at least one reactive species; (b) a multi-photon photoinitiator system; and (c) a plurality of substantially inorganic particles, wherein the particles have an average particle size of less than about 10 microns in diameter.

Abstract: A method of making a light emitting device is disclosed. The method includes providing a light emitting diode and forming an encapsulant in contact with the light emitting diode; wherein forming the encapsulant includes contacting the light emitting diode with a photopolymerizable composition comprising a silicon-containing resin, a metal-containing catalyst, and surface treated particles, the silicon-containing resin comprises silicon-bonded hydrogen and aliphatic unsaturation, the surface treated particles comprising nonabsorbing metal oxide particles, semiconductor particles, or combinations thereof, and applying actinic radiation having a wavelength of 700 nm or less to initiate hydrosilylation within the silicon-containing resin.

Abstract: An LED extractor has an input surface adapted to optically couple to an emitting surface of an LED die, and is composed of a glass (including a glass-ceramic) material whose refractive index is at least 2, or at least 2.2.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an array of precisely shaped and located shaped elements utilizes a precisely shaped patterned abrasive to form channels in a workpiece. One or more patterned abrasives contact and abrade along one or more intersecting axes to define the shaped elements. The shaped elements may include optical elements, semiconductor elements, or both.

Abstract: The present application discloses a light source comprising an LED die having an emitting surface and an optical element including a base, an apex, the base, and a converging side joining the base and the apex, wherein the base is optically coupled to the emitting surface. Furthermore, the optical element comprises a first section including the base and that is composed of a first material and a second section including the apex and that is composed of a second material.

Abstract: A composite polymer fiber comprises a polymer filler material and a plurality of polymer scattering fibers disposed within the filler material. At least one of the filler material and the scattering fibers is formed of a birefringent material. The refractive indices of the filler material and the scattering fibers can be substantially matched for light incident in a first polarization state on the composite polymer fiber and unmatched for light incident in an orthogonal polarization state. The scattering fibers may be arranged to form a photonic crystal within the composite fiber. The composite fibers may be extruded and may be formed into a yarn, a weave or the like. If the filler material is soluble, it may be washed out of the yarn or weave, and the scattering fibers may then be infiltrated with a resin that is subsequently cured.

Abstract: A photoreactive composition comprises (a) at least one reactive species that is capable of undergoing an acid- or radical-initiated chemical reaction; and (b) a photoinitiator system comprising photochemically-effective amounts of (1) at least one type of semiconductor nanoparticle quantum dot that has at least one electronic excited state that is accessible by absorption of two or more photons, and (2) a composition, different from said reactive species, that is capable of interacting with the excited state of the semiconductor nanoparticle quantum dot to form at least one reaction-initiating species.

Abstract: An optical element is formed by co-extruding to have an arrangement of polymer scattering fibers within a polymer matrix. The scattering fibers lie substantially parallel to a first axis. The scattering fibers are arranged at positions across the cross-section of the polymer matrix to scatter light transversely incident on the optical element in a direction substantially orthogonal to the first axis. The positions of the scattering fibers across the cross-section of the optical element may be selected so as to form a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure for light transversely incident on the optical element.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of making a light emitting device having an LED die and a molded encapsulant made by polymerizing at least two polymerizable compositions. The method includes: (a) providing an LED package having an LED die disposed in a reflecting cup, the reflecting cup filled with a first polymerizable composition such that the LED die is encapsulated; (b) providing a mold having a cavity filled with a second polymerizable composition; (c) contacting the first and second polymerizable compositions; (d) polymerizing the first and second polymerizable compositions to form first and second polymerized compositions, respectively, wherein the first and second polymerized compositions are bonded together; and (e) optionally separating the mold from the second polymerized composition. Light emitting devices prepared according to the method are also described.

Abstract: Light sources are disclosed utilizing LED dies that have a light emitting surface. A patterned low refractive index layer that can support total internal reflection within the LED die is provided in optical contact with a first portion of the emitting surface. In optical contact with a second portion of the emitting surface is an input surface of an optical element. The refractive index of the low index layer is below both that of the optical element and the LED die. The optical element can have a variety of shapes and sizes.

Abstract: Light sources are disclosed utilizing LED dies having at least one emitting surface. An optical element is provided for efficiently extracting light out of an LED die by controlling the angular distribution of the emitted light. The optical element is optically coupled to but is mechanically decoupled from the emitting surface of the LED die. The optical element has an input surface that is optically coupled to the emitting surface, an output surface that is larger in surface area than the input surface, and at least one intermediate surface.

Abstract: A light source includes an LED die with an emitting surface and a plurality of optical elements having input surfaces in optical contact with distinct portions of the emitting surface. The optical elements can comprise tapers or concentrators that have reflective side surface(s) and output surfaces larger than the respective input surfaces. The optical elements can couple both light and heat out of the emitting surface of the LED die.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present application discloses a light source comprising an LED die optically coupled to an extractor comprising a plurality of optical elements each having a base, an apex smaller than the base, and a converging side extending between the base and the apex. The extractor base is no greater in size than the emitting surface of the LED die. In another aspect, methods of making light sources are disclosed, comprising the steps of providing an LED die having an emitting surface; forming a plurality of optical elements each having a base, an apex smaller than the base, and a converging side extending between the base and the apex; arranging the plurality of optical elements to form an extractor, the extractor having an extractor base no greater in size than the emitting surface; and optically coupling the extractor base to the emitting surface of the LED die.

Abstract: A method of making a light emitting device is disclosed. The method includes the steps of providing a light emitting diode and forming an encapsulant in contact with the light emitting diode; wherein forming the encapsulant includes contacting the light emitting diode with a photopolymerizable composition consisting of a silicon-containing resin and a metal-containing catalyst, wherein the silicon-containing resin consists of silicon-bonded hydrogen and aliphatic unsaturation, and applying actinic radiation having a wavelength of 700 nm or less to initiate hydrosilylation within the silicon-containing resin.

Abstract: An article includes an LED that has an emitting surface. A reemitting semiconductor structure has an emitting surface and converts light emitted by the LED to light of a different wavelength. At least one of the emitting surfaces frustrates total internal reflection.

Abstract: A light source includes an LED component having an emitting surface, and an optical element having an input surface in optical contact with the emitting surface. The LED component may be or include an LED such as an LED die capable of emitting light at a first wavelength, in combination with a re-emitting semiconductor construction which includes a second potential well not located within a pn junction. The optical element can be an extractor whose shape is converging, diverging, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A method of making an LED light emitting device is disclosed. The method includes forming a multilayer encapsulant in contact with an LED by contacting the LED with a first encapsulant that is a silicone gel, silicone gum, silicone fluid, organosiloxane, polysiloxane, polyimide, polyphosphazene, sol-gel composition, or a first photopolymerizable composition, and then contacting the first encapsulant with a second photopolymerizable composition. Each photopolymerizable composition includes a silicon-containing resin and a metal-containing catalyst, the silicon-containing resin comprising silicon-bonded hydrogen and aliphatic unsaturation. Actinic radiation having a wavelength of 700 nm or less is applied to initiate hydrosilylation within the silicon-containing resins.

Abstract: A process comprises (a) providing a substantially inorganic photoreactive composition comprising (1) at least one cationically reactive species, (2) a multi-photon photoinitiator system, and 10 (3) a plurality of precondensed, inorganic nanoparticles; (b) exposing, using a multibeam interference technique involving at least three beams, at least a portion of the photoreactive composition to radiation of appropriate wavelength, spatial distribution, and intensity to produce a two-dimensional or three-dimensional periodic pattern of reacted and non-reacted portions of the photoreactive composition; (c) exposing at least a portion of the non-reacted portion of the photoreactive composition to radiation of appropriate wavelength and intensity to cause multi-photon absorption and photoreaction to form additional reacted portion; (d) removing the non-reacted portion or the reacted portion of the photoreactive composition to form interstitial void space; and (e) at least partially filling the interstitial void space

Abstract: A light source includes an LED die with an emitting surface and a collimating optical element. The optical element includes an input surface in optical contact with the LED emitting surface, and an output surface. The optical element has a first portion that comprises the input surface, made of a first optical material, and a second portion that comprises the output surface, made of a second optical material. The first optical material, which may include sapphire, diamond, or silicon carbide, has a higher refractive index, thermal conductivity, or both relative to the second optical material.