Abstract: A distributed video encoder and decoder and a distributed video encoding and decoding method through a symmetrical motion prediction and channel division are provided. Side information may be generated through the symmetrical motion prediction, and only a portion, which is significantly distorted, may be encoded and decoded into a channel code through an evaluation of the side information and thus, a configuration of the distributed video decoder may be simplified.

Abstract: Provided is a method of fabricating a phase-change memory device. The phase-change memory device includes a memory cell having a switching device and a phase change pattern. The method includes; forming a TiC layer on a contact electrically connecting the switching device using a plasma enhanced cyclic chemical vapor deposition (PE-cyclic CVD) process, patterning the TiC layer to form a lower electrode on the contact, and forming the phase-change pattern on the lower electrode.

Abstract: Provided are a terminal having a photographing function and a displaying method for the terminal. The displaying method includes generating a plurality of process images by processing an original image, which is an image shown through a lens of the terminal, several times using different setup information each time, and displaying the generated plurality of process images on a plurality of buttons. Accordingly, even when a user is not proficient with how to obtain a high quality photograph by setting setup information, such as a focus, exposure, etc. and with operating the buttons, the user can select a process image, which seems to be the most preferable to the user, from among the process images, and thus the user can easily find the optimum setup information with a simple button operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating the contour of a user object in a moving picture during video communications so that a personal background image is not provided during video communications. Information about center coordinates as well as a size of a face of the user object is extracted from a moving picture frame. Edges are extracted from the moving picture frame, and a boundary of a head of the user object is estimated using a semicircle. The boundaries of left and right shoulders and left and right arms of the user object are estimated using second-order function graphs that overlap a largest portion of the edges. An entire contour of the user object is estimated according to the boundaries of the head, the left and right shoulders, and the left and right arms of the user object.

Abstract: A method for estimating a boundary between a background and a user object in a video, in which the user object is segmented from the background is provided. The initial object contour is estimated in a first video frame for object segmentation, and color probability density functions are estimated for the user object and the background segmented from the first video frame. An edge strip with a predetermined width is generated in a current frame based on an object contour of a previous frame, and a coherence probability density function of the edge strip is estimated. The user object is segmented in the current frame by energy minimization.

Abstract: A method for encoding a multiview video includes estimating and compensating for a motion between a plurality of pictures from more than one view. A first video captured at a first view becomes a basis and for performing encoding on the first video using the motion estimation and compensation result. Motion estimation and compensation is then performed on a predetermined picture selected from among a plurality of pictures included in a second video captured at a second view being different from that of the first video. The picture from the second view is then encoded using the motion estimation and compensation result. A bit stream is generated including encoded data of the first video and encoded data of the second video.

Abstract: A user interface device and an input element include at least one input button that protrudes to be deformed when being pressed and then elastically restored when not being pressed, a sensing unit to sense whether the at least one input button has been pressed, and a display panel disposed underneath the at least one input button and including an input sign display area overlapping with the at least one input button.

Abstract: A portable terminal having a long-stroke hinge is disclosed. The portable terminal includes a first main body, a second main body sliding on the first main body, a first member with elasticity having a first end fixed to the first main body and a second end that is horizontally moveable, and a second member having a first end rotatably coupled with the second end of the first member and a second end fixed to the second main body.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for managing events in a virtual world. The apparatus includes: an event detecting unit monitoring a virtual world and detecting an event which occurs in the virtual world; a snapshot managing unit generating snapshots of developments of the event; and a control unit providing each of the generated snapshots in real time.

Abstract: Provided is a terminal and a display method used in the terminal capable of analyzing images that are mainly selected by a user from among images to be displayed by the terminal and firstly displaying the selected images, although the terminal needs to display more images than the maximum number of images that the terminal can simultaneously display, so that it is possible to reduce the inconvenience of performing a scrolling operation to select an image.

Abstract: Provided are a terminal having a photographing function and a displaying method for the terminal. The displaying method includes generating a plurality of process images by processing an original image, which is an image shown through a lens of the terminal, several times using different setup information each time, and displaying the generated plurality of process images on a plurality of buttons. Accordingly, even when a user is not proficient with how to obtain a high quality photograph by setting setup information, such as a focus, exposure, etc. and with operating the buttons, the user can select a process image, which seems to be the most preferable to the user, from among the process images, and thus the user can easily find the optimum setup information with a simple button operation.

Abstract: Provided are a terminal and a display method of the terminal which recognize the result of operating at least some of a plurality of buttons, and display a plurality of images corresponding to the recognized result on the buttons according to techniques which are preset for each of the images. Thus, operational convenience can be maximized for a user who operates the buttons on the terminal, which is compact and has various applicable functions, in order to indicate a certain function.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for error concealment in decoding of a moving picture. The method includes the steps of determining an erroneous macro block in a present frame when the moving picture is decoded, finding a first macro block having a highest similarity to the erroneous macro block and a second macro block having a next highest similarity to the erroneous block in a previous frame by comparing adjacent pixels of respective blocks in the previous frame with adjacent pixels of the erroneous block in the present frame; and replacing the erroneous block by using an average between the found macro blocks having the highest similarity and the second highest similarity to thereby conceal the erroneous macro block. The apparatus includes a parser, an entropy decoder, an inverse quantizer, an inverse converter, and a concealment unit that uses motion compensation from a previous frame to correct a macro block in a current frame.

Abstract: A terminal and a display method for the same are provided. In the terminal and the display method for the same, a first image is displayed on the main display unit. One or more second images matched with the first image are displayed on a plurality of buttons. Accordingly, it is possible to maximize manipulation convenience of the user who manipulates buttons so as to instruct the terminal to perform any operation by minimizing the complicatedness of the manipulations of the buttons caused by alternately watching a screen and the buttons by enabling the user who uses the terminal including the plurality of buttons and the screen to perform the desired button manipulations through the minimized button manipulations.

Abstract: When an error occurring in a terminal (device) is detected, one or more solutions for removing the detected error are displayed to a user, so that the detected error can be easily removed by the user even though the user is not familiar with operations or detailed functions of the camera.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display in which a black matrix with a concentration gradient of a transparent material and a metallic material is formed on the same surface as a pixel electrode. The black matrix and a pixel electrode of the organic electroluminescent display are formed using only one masking operation. The black matrix has a concentration gradient of a continuous gradient structure in which constituents of the transparent material are continuously decreased while constituents of the metallic material are continuously increased as a thickness of the black matrix is increased, a step gradient structure in which the constituents of the transparent material are gradually decreased while the constituents of the metallic material are gradually increased as the thickness of the black matrix is increased, or a multi-gradient structure in which the continuous gradient structure and/or the step gradient structure are repeated.

Abstract: An input apparatus and method using optical masking which enable a user to intuitively manipulate a menu by mapping light sources of an optical masking sensing unit and icons displayed on a display panel to corresponding positions. The input apparatus includes a display panel displaying a plurality of icons and functions of the icons, and an optical masking sensing unit including a plurality of optical devices as light sources, turning on optical devices located at positions corresponding to positions of the displayed icons.

Abstract: A pointing input device and method, a pointer control device and method, and an image pattern generation device and method which move a mouse pointer displayed in a display region according to the movement of a location pointed at by the pointing input device. The pointing input device includes an image reception unit capturing an image pattern, which is displayed in a display region of a perceived size and based on which the scope of the display region is sensed, and sensing the scope of the image pattern; a coordinate extraction unit extracting coordinates of a location pointed at in the display region based on a center of the sensed scope of the image pattern; and a transmission unit transmitting the extracted coordinates to a pointer control device which controls a mouse pointer displayed in the display region.

Abstract: Provided are methods and apparatuses for encoding and decoding three-dimensional object data, which consists of point texture data, voxel data, or octree data. The method of encoding three-dimensional object data involves generating three-dimensional object data having a tree structure in which nodes are attached labels indicating their types; encoding nodes of the three-dimensional object data; and generating the three-dimensional object data whose nodes are encoded into a bitstream. The apparatus for encoding three-dimensional object data includes a tree structure generator which generates three-dimensional object data having a tree structure in which nodes are attached labels indicating their types; a merging order selector which merges the nodes of the three-dimensional object data by referring to their labels; a node encoder which encodes merged nodes; and a bitstream generator which generates the three-dimensional object data whose merged nodes are encoded into a bitstream.

Abstract: The invention is related to methods and apparatus that recover usable video data from partially corrupted data. Embodiments inspect corrupted data packets and identify the location or locations of an error, whether the corrupted data packet contains data expected to be error-free, and whether the error-free data should be used. Decoding of a packet in both the forward direction and the backward direction can be used to locate a position of an error. Intra-coded macroblocks can also be recovered. A decoder can elect to use or to drop an intra-coded macroblock recovered from a corrupted data packet according to further criteria that is applied to the recovered intra-coded macroblock. One embodiment inspects video bitstream data that has been encoded with an optional data partitioning feature enabled, and retrieves specified data in areas of a corrupted packet that are expected to be free from error.