Abstract: A liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) panel comprises: a silicon substrate having silicon circuit within the silicon substrate; a plurality of metal electrodes disposed on the silicon substrate, where the plurality of metal electrodes are periodically formed on the silicon substrate; a dielectric material disposed in and filling gaps between adjacent metal electrodes; and an oxide layer disposed on the plurality of metal electrodes and the dielectric material in the gaps between adjacent metal electrodes; where the refractive index of the dielectric material is higher than the refractive index of the oxide layer.

Abstract: A wafer level ultrasonic chip module includes a substrate, a composite layer, a conducting material, and a base material. The substrate has a through slot that passes through an upper surface of the substrate and a lower surface of the substrate. The composite layer includes an ultrasonic body and a protective layer. A lower surface of the ultrasonic body is exposed from the through slot. The protective layer covers the ultrasonic body and a partial upper surface of the substrate. The protective layer has an opening, from which a partial upper surface of the ultrasonic body is exposed. The conducting material is in contact with the upper surface of the ultrasonic body. The base material covers the through slot, such that a space is formed among the through slot, the lower surface of the ultrasonic body and an upper surface of the base material.

Abstract: A wafer level ultrasonic chip module includes a substrate, a composite layer and a base material. The substrate has a through slot passing through an upper surface and a lower surface of the substrate. The composite layer includes an ultrasonic body and a protective layer. A lower surface of the ultrasonic body is exposed from the through slot. The protective layer covers the ultrasonic body and a partial upper surface of the substrate. The composite layer has a groove passing through an upper surface and a lower surface of the protective layer, and communicating with the through slot. Rhe ultrasonic body corresponds to the through slot. The base material covers the through slot, such that a space is formed among the through slot, the lower surface of the ultrasonic body and an upper surface of the base material.

Abstract: An image sensor comprises a first photodiode and a second photodiode having a smaller full-well capacitance than the first photodiode, wherein the second photodiode is adjacent to the first photodiode; a first micro-lens is disposed above the first photodiode and on an illuminated side of the image sensor; a second micro-lens is disposed above the second photodiode and on the illuminated side of the image sensor; and a coating layer disposed on both the first and second micro-lens, wherein the coating layer forms a flat top surface on the second micro-lens and a conformal coating layer on the first micro-lens.

Abstract: An ultrasonic module and a manufacturing method for ultrasonic module are provided. The ultrasonic module includes a substrate, a composite layer, and a covering layer. The substrate has an upper surface. The composite layer has a top surface, a bottom surface, and a recessed surface recessed toward the bottom surface. The bottom surface is on the upper surface of the substrate. One or more space is formed between the recessed surface and the upper surface. The composite layer has one or more first groove extending from the top surface toward the recessed surface. The first groove separates the composite layer into a circuit structure and an ultrasonic structure connected to the circuit structure. The covering layer is assembled on the top surface of the composite layer.

Abstract: An image sensor pixel array comprises a plurality of image pixel units to gather image information and a plurality of phase detection auto-focus (PDAF) pixel units to gather phase information. Each of the PDAF pixel units includes two of first image sensor pixels covered by a shared micro-lens. Each of the image pixel units includes four of second image sensor pixels adjacent to each other, wherein each of the second image sensor pixels is covered by an individual micro-lens. A coating layer is disposed on the micro-lenses and forms a flattened surface across the whole image sensor pixel array to receive incident light.

Abstract: An image sensor comprises a first photodiode and a second photodiode having a smaller full-well capacitance than the first photodiode, wherein the second photodiode is adjacent to the first photodiode; a first micro-lens is disposed above the first photodiode and on an illuminated side of the image sensor; a second micro-lens is disposed above the second photodiode and on the illuminated side of the image sensor; and a coating layer disposed on both the first and second micro-lens, wherein the coating layer forms a flat top surface on the second micro-lens and a conformal coating layer on the first micro-lens.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are antibodies and methods of using said antibodies to detect Golgi protein 73 (GP73) and fucosylated GP73 in a sample.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present invention comprise a coolant-free hollow valve with a cavity and a vacuum being enclosed in the cavity. The valve is used for an engine and one example of an engine is an internal combustion engine. The valve comprises a coolant-free hollow vacuum cavity to reduce the heat conduction such that the combustion heat is used to perform useful work to improve the efficiency of the engine. One embodiment of the present invention is a coolant-free valve with a hollow vacuum cavity and a thermal barrier coating being deposited onto part of the external surface of the valve that comes into contact with the combustion chamber of the engine.

Abstract: A liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) panel comprises: a silicon substrate having silicon circuit within the silicon substrate; a plurality of metal electrodes disposed on the silicon substrate, where the plurality of metal electrodes are periodically formed on the silicon substrate; a dielectric material disposed in and filling gaps between adjacent metal electrodes; and an oxide layer disposed on the plurality of metal electrodes and the dielectric material in the gaps between adjacent metal electrodes; where the refractive index of the dielectric material is higher than the refractive index of the oxide layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are antibodies and methods of using said antibodies to detect Golgi protein 73 (GP73) and fucosylated GP73 in a sample.

Abstract: An ultrasonic module and a manufacturing method for ultrasonic module are provided. The ultrasonic module includes a substrate, a composite layer, and a covering layer. The substrate has an upper surface. The composite layer has a top surface, a bottom surface, and a recessed surface recessed toward the bottom surface. The bottom surface is on the upper surface of the substrate. One or more space is formed between the recessed surface and the upper surface. The composite layer has one or more first groove extending from the top surface toward the recessed surface. The first groove separates the composite layer into a circuit structure and an ultrasonic structure connected to the circuit structure. The covering layer is assembled on the top surface of the composite layer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and a process of producing ammonia from methane extracted from methane-hydrate at the site of methane-hydrate extraction. The method and the process comprise coupled chemical reactions. During the first reaction, carbon dioxide reacts methane-hydrate to produce carbon-dioxide-hydrate and methane: carbon dioxide+methane-hydrate?carbon-dioxide-hydrate+methane (CO2+CH4-hydrate?CO2-hydrate+CH4). The produced methane is reacted with water to produced carbon dioxide and hydrogen via the second reaction: methane+water?carbon dioxide+hydrogen (CH4+2H2O?CO2+4H2). One embodiment of the second reaction is a combination of the methane steam reforming reaction (CH4+H2O?CO+3H2) and the water-gas shift reaction (CO+H2O?CO2+H2), both are widely known in the art. The carbon dioxide produced in the second reaction is recycled and used for the first reaction.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a cellular-network-assisted wireless local area network (WLAN) channel switch announcement method, including the following steps: before a wireless network access point (AP) performs channel switching, delivering channel switch announcement signaling to correlated user equipment in a broadcast manner, and sending channel switch announcement request signaling to a cellular network base station that also serves the user equipment; after the cellular network base station receives the channel switch announcement request signaling, sending the channel switch announcement signaling to user equipment in an idle mode by using a cellular link air interface; and performing, by the WLAN AP, channel switching within a predetermined time, and following, by user equipment that directly acquires channel switch information by receiving the channel switch announcement signaling and user equipment that acquires channel switch information by using the cellular network base station, the WLAN AP an

Abstract: An image sensor comprises a semiconductor material having an illuminated surface and a non-illuminated surface; a photodiode formed in the semiconductor material extending from the illuminated surface to receive an incident light through the illuminated surface, wherein the received incident light generates charges in the photodiode; a transfer gate electrically coupled to the photodiode to transfer the generated charges from the photodiode in response to a transfer signal; a floating diffusion electrically coupled to the transfer gate to receive the transferred charges from the photodiode; and a near infrared (NIR) quantum efficiency (QE) and modulation transfer function(MTF) enhancement structure.

Abstract: An image sensor comprises a semiconductor material having an illuminated surface and a non-illuminated surface; a photodiode formed in the semiconductor material extending from the illuminated surface to receive an incident light through the illuminated surface, wherein the received incident light generates charges in the photodiode; a transfer gate electrically coupled to the photodiode to transfer the generated charges from the photodiode in response to a transfer signal; a floating diffusion electrically coupled to the transfer gate to receive the transferred charges from the photodiode; and a near infrared (NIR) quantum efficiency (QE) and modulation transfer function(MTF) enhancement structure.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems for intelligent dual-channel volume adjustment. One embodiment takes the form of a dual-watch mobile radio that includes a first receiver, a second receiver, an audio output port, a one-dimensional (1-D) volume control, and a controller programmed to carry out a set of functions. The set of functions includes receiving first and second audio signals from the first and second receivers, respectively, and generating first and second amplified audio signals at least in part by applying first and second signal gains to the first and second audio signals, respectively, as well as outputting the first and second amplified audio signals via the audio output port. The set of functions also includes receiving volume-control commands from the 1-D volume control, and responsively adjusting the first and second signal gains at least in part by applying a gain function to the first and second signal gains.

Abstract: An image sensor comprises a semiconductor material having an illuminated surface and a non-illuminated surface; a photodiode formed in the semiconductor material extending from the illuminated surface to receive an incident light through the illuminated surface, wherein the received incident light generates charges in the photodiode; a transfer gate electrically coupled to the photodiode to transfer the generated charges from the photodiode in response to a transfer signal; a floating diffusion electrically coupled to the transfer gate to receive the transferred charges from the photodiode; a near infrared (NIR) quantum efficiency (QE) enhancement structure comprising at least two NIR QE enhancement elements within a region of the photodiode, wherein the NIR QE enhancement structure is configured to modify the incident light at the illuminated surface of the semiconductor material by at least one of diffraction, deflection and reflection, to redistribute the incident light within the photodiode to improve an

Abstract: The present invention discloses a cellular-network-assisted wireless local area network (WLAN) channel switch announcement method, including the following steps: before a wireless network access point (AP) performs channel switching, delivering channel switch announcement signaling to correlated user equipment in a broadcast manner, and sending channel switch announcement request signaling to a cellular network base station that also serves the user equipment; after the cellular network base station receives the channel switch announcement request signaling, sending the channel switch announcement signaling to user equipment in an idle mode by using a cellular link air interface; and performing, by the WLAN AP, channel switching within a predetermined time, and following, by user equipment that directly acquires channel switch information by receiving the channel switch announcement signaling and user equipment that acquires channel switch information by using the cellular network base station, the WLAN AP an