Abstract: An optical fiber holding device (100) comprises a fastening flange (120) and a coil-shaped fiber receiving portion (110) connecting with the flange. The receiving portion is formed by a wall (113) spiraling from an inner end (114) thereof outwardly. A central holding space (112), a spiral guiding passage (111), and an inlet (115) of the passage are thereby defined. The flange is connected with an outer end of the wall adjacent the inlet. A pair of through holes (121) is defined in the flange. The holding device is integrally formed by molding plastic material, or by bending a metal sheet. Each optical fiber (130) is inserted into the inlet, guided along the passage, and received in the central holding space. Screw s are extended through the through holes to secure the holding device together with the optical fibers to an optical module.

Abstract: A variable optical attenuator (10) comprises a base (12), a cover (13), an attenuation device (11), and optical fibers (17, 18). The attenuation device comprises a fixed collimator (111), a movable collimator (112), a holding device (113), and an adjusting device (117). The two collimators are aligned end-to-end. The holding device defines a passage (1131) in which the movable collimator is retained, and a threaded hole (1133). The adjusting device comprises a first screw rod (114), a second screw rod (115), and a rubber ring (116). The first screw rod comprises a thread portion (1141), a gear (1142), and a head (1143). The thread portion of the first screw rod is rotatably engaged in the threaded hole. The second screw rod comprises a thread portion (1151) and an adjusting slot (1153). The thread portion of the second screw rod meshes with the gear of the first screw rod.

Abstract: An optical isolator includes a first collimator, a second collimator and an isolation assembly arranged between the collimators. The first collimator includes a first capillary retaining an input fiber and a first GRIN lens received and retained in a first glass sleeve. The isolation assembly includes two birefringent crystal wedges with an optical rotator interposed between the birefringent crystal wedges. A magnetic ring receives and retains the birefringent crystal wedges and the optical rotator together. The second collimator includes a second capillary retaining an output fiber and a second GRIN lens which are received and retained in a second glass sleeve. A first stainless steel sleeve receives and retains the first glass sleeve and the isolation assembly together while a second stainless sleeve is fit over the second collimator. Apertures are defined in the first stainless steel sleeve.

Abstract: An optical switch includes an input port (51), a plurality of output ports (52), a switching element (40) for switching light signals from the input port to any one of the output ports, a base (30), and a housing (10). The switching element has a driving device (400), a rotary holder (410) and two reflectors (422, 424). The reflectors are attached to a supporting arm (414) of the rotary holder, and positions of two counterweights (418) are adjustable on two balancing arms (416) to balance the combination rotary holder—reflectors around an axis of rotation. The input port is mounted in a center hole (352) of the base and the output ports are mounted in peripheral holes (354) defined in a circle around the center hole. Rotation of the rotary holder switches light signals from the input port to be output to any one of the output ports.

Abstract: A DWDM module (10) comprises a cover (1), a base (2), DWDMs (3), retainers (4) retaining the DWDMs therein, heat shrinkage pipes (5), optical fibers (33), and holders (6) holding the heat shrinkage pipes therein. The DWDMs are in communication with each other via the optical fibers. The DWDM module further comprises a rubber loop (7) providing a tight seal between the cover and the base, and a protecting component (8) for protecting the optical fibers. The base comprises a motherboard (26), a peripheral frame (21), spaced projections (22), and an array of arcuate ribs (23). The projections and corresponding sidewalls of the frame fittingly secure the holders therebetween. The array of ribs is upwardly formed from a middle of the motherboard, and fittingly secures the retainers therein. A cutout (212) is integrally defined in the motherboard and one sidewall of the frame, and fittingly secures the protecting device therein.

Abstract: An optical switch (1) having a sealing system connects to input fibers (42, 43) and output fibers (44, 45), and includes a switching device (5), a top housing (10), a bottom housing (30), a gasket (20) and four fiber clamps (40). The top and bottom housings each define a ringed channel (104, 304). The gasket includes a plurality of quadrate flanges (206). Each quadrate flange defines an elliptic opening (208) for inserting a fiber clamp holding a fiber. The gasket is received in the ringed channels of the top and bottom housings. When screws combining the top and bottom housings together are tightened, the gasket deforms to fill the ringed channels, thereby forming a good seal between an inside and an outside of the housing. The elliptic openings promote a balancing of stress in the quadrate flanges, increasing the life of the gasket.

Abstract: An optical switch (1) having a sealing system connects to input fibers (42, 43) and output fibers (44, 45), and includes a switching device (5), a top housing (10), a bottom housing (30), a gasket (20) and four fiber clamps (40). The top and bottom housings each define a ringed channel (104, 304). The gasket is received in the ringed channels of the top and bottom housings. When screws combining the top and bottom housings together are tightened, the gasket deforms to fill the ringed channels, thereby forming a good seal between an inside and an outside of the housing.

Abstract: A motor driven variable optical attenuator (10) comprises a base (12), a cover (13), an attenuation device (11), and a motor (19). The attenuation device comprises a fixed collimator (111), a movable collimator (112) retained in a holding device (113), and an adjusting device. The two collimators are aligned end-to-end. The adjusting device comprises a first screw rod (114), and a second screw rod (115). The first screw rod comprises a thread portion (1141) rotatably engaged in the holding device, and a gear (1142). The second screw rod comprises a thread portion (1151), and a head (1152). The thread portion of the second screw rod meshes with the gear of the first screw rod. The motor comprises a cylindrical projection (195) engaged in the head of the second screw rod. The motor rotates the second screw rod, which drives the first screw rod, which laterally moves the holding device.

Abstract: A variable optical attenuator (10) comprises a base (12), a cover (13), an attenuation device (11), and optical fibers (17, 18). The attenuation device comprises a fixed collimator (111), a movable collimator (112), a holding device (113), and an adjusting device (117). The two collimators are aligned end-to-end. The holding device defines a passage (1131) in which the movable collimator is retained, and a threaded hole (1133). The adjusting device comprises a first screw rod (114), a second screw rod (115), and a rubber ring (116). The first screw rod comprises a thread portion (1141), a gear (1142), and a head (1143). The thread portion of the first screw rod is rotatably engaged in the threaded hole. The second screw rod comprises a thread portion (1151) and an adjusting slot (1153). The thread portion of the second screw rod meshes with the gear of the first screw rod.

Abstract: An optic adaptor connects first and second optic fibers in an aligned but spaced fashion for attenuation of optic signal traveling between the optic fibers. The adaptor includes a base secured to a patch panel and connected to the first optic fiber. The base defines a bore receiving and retaining a first end of a sleeve that receives the first optic fiber. A cylinder has a proximal end axially and movably received in the bore to receive a second end of the sleeve. A fiber connection member is mounted to the cylinder and attaches the second optic fiber to the cylinder with the second optic fiber received in the second end of the sleeve. A knob ring threadingly engages the cylinder. The knob is rotatably mounted to but is not axially movable with respect the base body whereby rotation of the knob induces axial movement of the cylinder and the second optic fiber with respect to the base body and the first optic fiber. Thus the distance between the optic fibers can be changed.

Abstract: An optical switch (99) according to the present invention comprises a housing (30), a first I/O port (10), a second I/O port (50), a driver (23) and a switching element (20). The housing holds the first I/O port and the second I/O port in alignment with a prism (22) having reflective surfaces (221, 222) and supports the driver on a substrate (31) of the housing. A mirror (21) of the switching element is rotationally attached to the driver, and is movable between a first position and a second position. In the first position, light beams from the first and second I/O ports transmit through the prism back to the second and first I/O ports, respectively; in the second position, light beams from the first and second I/O ports are reflected back to the first and second I/O ports by the mirror. Thus light signals from input fibers are switched between two output fibers of the I/O ports.

Abstract: An optical isolator includes a first optical collimator, a first birefringent crystal, a Faraday rotator, a second birefringent crystal and a second optical collimator. The first and second collimators have the same structure and configuration. Each first and second collimator includes a ferrule, an optical fiber retained in the ferrule, and a collimating lens, all of which are secured in a tube. The first and second birefringent crystals are respectively fixed to the first and the second collimators. The Faraday rotator is stationed between the first and second collimators, and fixed onto an end of the first collimator. In assembly, the first and second collimators and the Faraday rotator are all secured in a stainless steel outer tube. The second collimator is rotated within the outer tube until correct relative alignment of optical axes of the birefringent crystals is attained.

Abstract: An optical fiber holding device (100) comprises a fastening flange (120) and a coil-shaped fiber receiving portion (110) connecting with the flange. The receiving portion is formed by a wall (113) spiraling from an inner end (114) thereof outwardly. A central holding space (112), a spiral guiding passage (111), and an inlet (115) of the passage are thereby defined. The flange is connected with an outer end of the wall adjacent the inlet. A pair of through holes (121) is defined in the flange. The holding device is integrally formed by molding plastic material, or by bending a metal sheet. Each optical fiber (130) is inserted into the inlet, guided along the passage, and received in the central holding space. Screw s are extended through the through holes to secure the holding device together with the optical fibers to an optical module.

Abstract: An optical switch (10) includes a housing (3), an input port (4), an output port (5), a switching element (6), a holder (7), and a driver (63). The holder holds the input and output ports in alignment with one another and is assembled with the switching element. The switching element comprises an optical component assembly (61) and a rotating mechanism (60). The optical component assembly is fixed on the rotating mechanism and is brought to move between a top stopper (85) (an upward position), wherein the optical component assembly is out of optical paths running between the input port and the output port, and a bottom stopper (86) (a downward position), wherein the optical component assembly is in the optical paths. The optical component assembly includes a prism 612, which redirects optical paths passing through it, effecting a switching between input ports and output ports.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a wheel rim for a motor vehicle comprises the steps of a strip of aluminum alloy sheet material having a predetermined cross-section suitable for forming into a wheel rim by extrusion molding, pressing the strip step-by-step lengthwise by an upper mold and a lower mold having complimentary profiles for causing the strip to have predetermined profiles as a hoop with a formed gap between the both ends, welding the gap to form an unfinished wheel rim, and annealing, shaping, heat treating, and polishing the unfinished wheel rim to form a finished wheel rim.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a wheel rim for a motor vehicle comprises the steps of a strip of aluminum alloy sheet material having a predetermined cross-section suitable for forming into a wheel rim by extrusion molding, pressing the strip step-by-step lengthwise by an upper mold and a lower mold having complimentary profiles for causing the strip to have predetermined profiles as a hoop with a formed gap between the both ends, welding the gap to form an unfinished wheel rim, and annealing, shaping, heat treating, and polishing the unfinished wheel rim to form a finished wheel rim.

Abstract: A stereo sound circuit device for providing three-dimensional surrounding effect has a difference circuit for acquiring difference signal of a left channel sound and a right channel sound. The stereo sound circuit device further provides a filter circuit consisting of a first and a second filtering operation units for applying a first and second filtering functions to the difference signal output from the difference circuit for generating a three-dimensional surrounding sound signal. The first filtering function implements a band pass filter with a central frequency of about 7.23 KHz. The second filtering function implements a band pass filter with a central frequency of about 318 Hz. A signal level adjust circuit is provided for adjusting the signal level of the sound signal output from the filter circuit. A mixer is provided for combining the adjusted three-dimensional surrounding sound with the original left channel sound and right channel sound.

Abstract: An optical isolator includes a first collimator, a second collimator and an isolation assembly arranged between the collimators. The first collimator includes a first capillary retaining an input fiber and a first GRIN lens received and retained in a first glass sleeve. The isolation assembly includes two birefringent crystal wedges with an optical rotator interposed between the birefringent crystal wedges. A magnetic ring receives and retains the birefringent crystal wedges and the optical rotator together. The second collimator includes a second capillary retaining an output fiber and a second GRIN lens which are received and retained in a second glass sleeve. A first stainless steel sleeve receives and retains the first glass sleeve and the isolation assembly together while a second stainless sleeve is fit over the second collimator. Apertures are defined in the first stainless steel sleeve.