Abstract: A disk type absolute-position magnetic encoder for rotary devices. It includes: (a) a circular magnetic shielding disk; (b) a plurality of permanent circular magnetic rings of varying diameters disposed on both sides of the magnetic shielding disk; (c) a circular neutral zone between every two adjacent circular magnetic rings, the circular neutral zone having a width wide enough such that it is effectively free of magnetic interference; (d) a plurality of sensors each being located at a distance from one of the circular ring for detecting a position of the rotary device; and (e) a spindle transversely running through the magnetic shielding disk. Compared to the prior art devices of optical and drum types, the disk type magnetic encoder provides substantial space savings. The magnetic shielding disk, the plurality of permanent circular magnetic rings, and the sensors are all mounted in a cylindrical housing.

Abstract: A vehicle door has a trim panel, an attached inner door panel, and an attached outer door panel defining a cavity therein, and an energy management device within the cavity. The device has two or more elongated deflectable beam members, each being attached to the vehicle door within the door cavity. One or more clips engage the beam members, and are adjustably positionable along the longitudinal axes of the beam members, so as to provide a predetermined substantially planar deflection upon imposition of a lateral displacement. One or more tab members are disposed on the inboard surface of the clip, so as to initiate deployment of the inner trim panel prior to compression of the vehicle door upon imposition of a lateral displacement.

Abstract: A fuse structure is described in which a metallic frame is inserted between the insulation layers, through which the fuse window passes, and the final passivation layer. This frame is used as a mask during fuse window formation so alignment is simplified and problems arising from the presence of insulating residues on the surface of the fuse window layer are avoided.

Abstract: A ratchet tool includes a housing having a bole for rotatably receiving a rod and having one or more grooves for receiving supporting members and having a curved slot formed around the hole for receiving two rollers. The curved slot includes narrower ends or center portion for allowing the rollers to engage with the rod and the housing for allowing the housing to rotate the rod. The rod may be driven to rotate in one direction when only one of the rollers is engaged with the rod and the housing. The ratchet tool may be used for screw drivers or for wrenches.

Abstract: A pressure gauge structure that consists of a gauge frame with a graduated gauge face at the top of a lower base at the bottom. Protruding from the circumference of the lower base is an annular seat and a guide pipe that provides for gaseous flow. A diaphragm is positioned on the lower base and on the diaphragm is a coil spring topped by a shaft sleeve for a pivoting needle shaft in the tube mount protruding from the gauge face, with the needle shaft o the gauge meter positioned in a coil spring. A calibration rod extends laterally from the needle shaft, the upper end of which is secured in a pivotal state to the gauge face by a mounting base. Around the needle shaft is a spiral spring, one end mounted to the gauge frame and the other end attached to the needle shaft. Under the gauge frame is a hoop flange and the lower base has a guide pipe for gaseous flow. The diaphragm is constructed out of metal with corrugations formed on the surface.

Abstract: A catalyst composition containing one or more binary oxides of palladium and rare earth metal such as Ce, La, Nd, Pr and/or Sm. The catalyst composition is used for the catalytic combustion of gaseous combustion mixtures of oxygen and carbonaceous fuels such as methane, e.g., a natural gas/air combustion mixture. Specific preferred binary oxides may be, for example, M.sub.2 O.sub.3.PdO (e.g., La.sub.2 O.sub.3.PdO) or 2M.sub.2 O.sub.3.PdO, wherein in each case M is La, Nd or Sm. A process of combusting gaseous carbonaceous fuels includes contacting a catalyst as described above under combustion conditions, e.g., 925.degree. C. to 1650.degree. C. and 1 to 20 atmospheres pressure, to carry out sustained combustion of the combustion mixture, including catalytically supported thermal combustion. Regeneration of over-temperatured M.sub.2 O.sub.3.PdO catalyst is also provided for.

Abstract: Described is a process for the regioselective dehydration of 11-hydroxy steroids using PCl.sub.5, PCl.sub.3, POCl.sub.3 or either SO.sub.2 Cl.sub.2 and imidazole, or PPh.sub.3 and CCl.sub.4. The disclosed process selectively forms .DELTA..sup.9,11 steroids from either 11-.alpha.- or 11-.beta.-hydroxy steroids, and can also be used for the one-step conversion of 11,21 -dihydroxy steroids to 21-chloro-.DELTA..sup.9,11 steroids. Also disclosed are processes for the regioselective conversion of 11-.beta.-chloro steroids to .DELTA..sup.9,11 steroids, and for regioselectively converting an 11,17,21-trihydroxy streoid to a 21-chloro-11,17-dihydroxy steroid.

Abstract: Methods of forming high-aspect ratio blind apertures and thereafter filling the apertures with a plating solution are disclosed. A layer of photosensitive material is pattern exposed to actinic radiation to define the apertures, and thereafter exposed to aqueous developer solution. The apertures are then rinsed with water and thereafter exposed to plating solution without drying the aperture of water or developer solution. This is contrary to conventional practice where photoresist layers are dried, and usually post-baked after the development step in order to improve dimensional integrity and reduce swelling of the photoresist material.

Abstract: A conveyer transfer apparatus for use in a roller conveyer for lifting an article upwardly and moving it laterally to another conveyer. It includes a motor as a driving force to drive two pairs of spaced eccentric sprockets and a side-roller-chain, which engages with a pair of spaced sprockets. The side-roller-chain moves on a guide channel, which can be lifted upward, synchronously with the movement of the sprocket, thus enabling the article to be lifted upward and carried away laterally at a speed faster than the rotating speed of the sprocket.

Abstract: An analog to digital converter for the conversion of an analog input signal to a digital output code of n bits has a plurality of voltage references created in a voltage reference generator that divides the total range of voltage of the conversion input into increments of voltage equal to the smallest increment of resolution. The n bits of digital output are divided into most significant bits and least significant bits. The most significant bits are encoded from a set of digital signals that are formed in a set of coarse comparators, that compare the analog input signal with a subset of the voltage references representing the coarse range. The digital code that is the output of the coarse comparators is used to determine the selection of the subset of the plurality of the voltage references that are the fine voltage references. The least significant bits are encoded from a set of digital signals that are formed in a set of fine comparators that compare the analog input signal to the fine voltage references.

Abstract: A stereoselective anion glycosylation process for preparing beta- and alpha-anomer enriched 2', 2'-difluoro-2'-deoxynucleosides and 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoronucleosides by reacting an alpha- or beta-anomer enriched 2-deoxy-2-fluorocarbohydrate or 2-deoxy-2,2-difluorocarbohydrate with at least a molar equivalent of a salt of a nucleobase derivative in an inert solvent.

Abstract: A display pack having a security device includes a hanging portion with a disk extending laterally therefrom which has at least two opposite walls extending therefrom, and a securing member. The hanging portion has a first hole defined therethrough and the disk has a second hole defined therethrough, each of the side walls has a protrusion extending therefrom so that the two side walls are securely inserted into a socket with the protrusion engaging with a recess defined in an inner periphery of the socket. The securing member has a flange extending radially from a lower end thereof and a hook member extending from an upper end thereof so that the securing member extends through the socket and the hook member is engaged with the second hole of the disk.

Abstract: A heat exchanger has a main body coupling with a positioning plate. A condensing device, two filter plates and two fans are disposed in the main body. The main body has a peripheral base plate, a first air exhaust exit and a first fan opening. A blocking wall is disposed transversely in the main body below the first air exhaust exit. The positioning plate has a peripheral flange, a second air exhaust exit, and a second fan opening. The first and second fans are positioned on the first and second fan openings. The first and second filter plates are positioned on the first and second air exhaust exit. The condensing device is disposed in the main body slantwise. Two heat-insulated sponge pads seal two opposite sides of the condensing device.

Abstract: A programmed electronic ballast circuit including a voltage maintenance circuit to ensure that the integrated circuit continues to oscillate and drive the half-bridge inverter until the DC bus voltage falls to a level insufficient to permit the fluorescent bulbs at the output to ignite. Additionally, the voltage maintenance circuit drives the voltage of the integrated circuit down to a level whereby proper resetting of the integrated circuit and proper preheating of the florescent bulb filaments is assured.

Abstract: A high luminescence display, and methods for making such a display, are described. A faceplate for a display device having a glass face is provided, having phosphor elements on the glass face. There are reflective elements, on the glass face and adjacent to the phosphor elements, with surfaces angled toward the phosphor elements, whereby light emitted from the phosphor elements reflects off the reflective elements and travels through the glass face. The reflective elements may be formed of, for example, aluminum, and be directly adjacent to the phosphor, or offset from it.

Abstract: In a speech recognition system, a recognition processor receives an unknown utterance signal as input. The recognition processor in response to the unknown utterance signal input accesses a recognition database and scores the utterance signal against recognition models in the recognition database to classify the unknown utterance and to generate a hypothesis speech signal. A verification processor receives the hypothesis speech signal as input to be verified. The verification processor accesses a verification database to test the hypothesis speech signal against verification models reflecting a preselected type of training stored in the verification database. Based on the verification test, the verification processor generates a confidence measure signal. The confidence measure signal can be compared against a verification threshold to determine the accuracy of the recognition decision made by the recognition processor.

Abstract: A digital fuzzy logic processor for generating output data representing a degree of membership function, specifically, a complement-generating circuit that generates complement data for outputting to a one's-complement circuit to determine a degree of membership output. The digital fuzzy logic processor includes an input port, a memory unit for storing a plurality of data and a prescaled base-distance-slope product table, a subtracting and multiplexer circuit to generate relative location signals and relative distance data, and a control unit that controls the processor. The logic processor further includes a pre-scale shifter to generate prescaled relative distance data, an address generator to generate a table address to retrieve a base-distance-slope product from the prescaled base-distance-slope product table, and a post scalar shifter to shift prescaled base-distance-slope products to generate complement data.

Abstract: A rotor blade pair for rotation around an axial centerline is provided which includes a platform, a first and a second airfoil, and a root having a first and second wall. The platform has an inner and an outer radial surface. The first and second airfoils extend out from the outer radial surface of the platform. The root walls extend out from said inner radial surface of the platform, and are integrally connected to one another, forming a hollow between the walls and the inner radial surface. The first wall is substantially aligned with the first airfoil and the second wall is substantially aligned with the second airfoil.